Blood glucose lowering effects of brown rice in normal and diabetic subjects

Carbohydrate foods, which produce low glycemic responses, have been shown to be beneficial in the dietary management of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This study determined the starch digestion rate in vitro and, in a randomised crossover design, the postprandial blood glucose response of 10 healthy and nine type 2 diabetic volunteers to brown rice compared to milled rice from the same batch and variety. The total sugar released in vitro was 23.7% lower in brown rice than in milled rice. In healthy volunteers, the glycemic area and glycemic index were, respectively, 19.8% and 12.1% lower (p < 0.05) in brown rice than milled rice, while in diabetics, the respective values were 35.2% and 35.6% lower. The effect was partly due to the higher amounts of phytic acid, polyphenols, dietary fiber and oil in brown compared to milled rice and the difference in some physicochemical properties of the rice samples such as minimum cooking time and degree of gelatinisation. In conclusion, brown rice is a more health beneficial food for diabetics and hyperglycemic individuals than milled rice.     

Blood glucose lowering effects of brown rice in normal and diabetic subjects

Carbohydrate foods, which produce low glycemic responses, have been shown to be beneficial in the dietary management of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This study determined the starch digestion rate in vitro and, in a randomised crossover design, the postprandial blood glucose response of 10 healthy and nine type 2 diabetic volunteers to brown rice compared to milled rice from the same batch and variety. The total sugar released in vitro was 23.7% lower in brown rice than in milled rice. In healthy volunteers, the glycemic area and glycemic index were, respectively, 19.8% and 12.1% lower (p?<?0.05) in brown rice than milled rice, while in diabetics, the respective values were 35.2% and 35.6% lower. The effect was partly due to the higher amounts of phytic acid, polyphenols, dietary fiber and oil in brown compared to milled rice and the difference in some physicochemical properties of the rice samples such as minimum cooking time and degree of gelatinisation. In conclusion, brown rice is a more health beneficial food for diabetics and hyperglycemic individuals than milled rice.     

The solubility of welding dusts and their cytotoxicity

It was established as a result of cytotoxicity studies of 15 welding dusts of different compositions in experiments on embryonal fibroblast cell cultures that the biologic activity of these substances depends on the solubility in growth media of their major components: alkaline and alkaline earth metals, iron, cremnium and, to a vast degree, that of the manganese. Conclusion has been made that a comparative assessment of welding dusts' biological activity on cell cultures should involve the kinetic parameters of their solubility in growth and supportive media, and the duration of the substances' affecting the cell cultures should be long enough to reveal the combined action of its major ingredients.     

Effect of digoxin on experimental adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia and insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

The effect of digoxin (0.035 mg/kg b.w., i.v.) on adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia (adrenaline: 50 micrograms/kg b.w., s.c.) and on insulin-induced hypoglycemia (insulin: 0.4 mU/kg b.w., s.c.) was studied in experiments on rabbits. Digoxin intensified the adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia at the 30th and 60th minutes of application. The hyperglycemia in this case subsided more rapidly. Digoxin alone caused on elevation of the blood sugar levels that was most pronounced at the 30th minute of introduction. These elevated levels fell to the initial value by the 180th minute. The blood sugar levels in the rabbits treated with physiological solution rose slightly. This was most noticeable at the 120th minute. Digoxin attenuated the insulin-induced hypoglycemia significantly at the 120th, 150th, and 180th minutes (p < 0.05). We suggest that the increase of the adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia and the attenuation of the insulin-induced hypoglycemia could be linked to the release of catecholamines in the acute stage of the action of Digitalis glycosides.     

钒化合物对工人肺功能影响的研究

本文对上海某冶炼厂80名钒作业工人进行了肺功能检查,前后共二次,间隔9个月。结果接触钒组与对照组相比,MMEF的下降两次均有统计学意义;前后两次肺功能比较无明显差异;工人当天上班前后的肺功能观察结果表明,钒化合物无类似二异氰酸甲苯对肺功能有即时影响的作用。     

非糖尿病患者的高血糖状态对ST段抬高型心肌梗死预后的预测作用

目的验证非糖尿病的ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者的血糖升高是否有助于短期预后评估。方法回顾性分析270例非糖尿病的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的临床资料,根据发病后是否发生高血糖分为血糖升高组和血糖正常组,前者根据血糖升高程度和持续时间分别再分为血糖轻中等程度升高、显著升高亚组,以及一过性血糖升高、血糖持续升高亚组。分别比较组间、亚组间以及组-亚组间短期病死率和发生恶性心律失常比例的差别。结果血糖升高组短期病死率高于血糖正常组。血糖显著升高亚组病死率和恶性心律失常发生率高于血糖轻中等程度升高亚组及血糖正常组。血糖持续性升高亚组病死率和恶性心律失常发生率高于血糖一过性升高亚组及血糖正常组。结论对非糖尿病的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,高血糖和患者短期预后有关。血糖升高水平越高,持续时间越久,预后越差。     

Effect of lactobacilli on paracellular permeability in the gut

Paracellular permeability is determined by the complex structures of junctions that are located between the epithelial cells. Already in 1996, it was shown that the human probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and the rat-originating strain Lactobacillus reuteri R2LC could reduce this permeability in a methotrexate-induced colitis model in the rat. Subsequently, many animal models and cell culture systems have shown indications that lactobacilli are able to counteract increased paracellular permeability evoked by cytokines, chemicals, infections, or stress. There have been few human studies focusing on the effect of lactobacilli on intestinal paracellular permeability but recently it has been shown that they could influence the tight junctions. More precisely, short-term administration of L. plantarum WCSF1 to healthy volunteers increased the relocation of occludin and ZO-1 into the tight junction area between duodenal epithelial cells.     

2型糖尿病大血管病变风险及其交互作用分析

目的 探讨2型糖尿病病人(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并大血管病变的危险因素以及危险因素之间的交互作用.方法 设计调查问卷,收集1999年1月～2010年12月期间在广州市某医院住院的2型糖尿病患者的病历资料,包括年龄、性别、病程等19个变量.采用分类树对危险因素进行定性的交互作用分析,采用非条件Logistic回归模型定量分析危险因素的交互作用效应.结果 单纯T2DM无并发症的患者595例,T2DM合并大血管病变754例.建立分类树模型,包括3层,7个结点,4个终末节点,筛选出年龄、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、病程、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL)、TC/HDL、三酰甘油(triacylglycerol,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)共8个危险因素.而与2型糖尿病大血管病变关联最密切的是年龄、病程和BMI.非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄与病程(OR=6.215,95％ CI:2.867～13.476,P＜0.001)、年龄与BMI(OR =2.484,95％ CI:1.465～4.212,P=0.001)在2型糖尿病进展大血管病变中存在交互作用.结论 年龄、病程和BMI相互作用是T2DM合并大血管病变的重要危险因素,年龄超过56岁,病程超过10年的患者应重点监测和干预,以防止大血管病变的发生.     

ERCC1蛋白表达及对草酸铂细胞毒作用影响

目的建立表达核苷酸切除修复交叉互补集团1（ERCC1）蛋白细胞系，评价ERCC1表达对草酸铂细胞毒作用的影响。方法由人肠癌肿瘤组织提取RNA，合成cDNA，扩增ERCC1基因片段，Gateway定向克隆技术转染UV20细胞后，细胞抑制率测定（SRB）评价草酸铂的细胞毒作用。结果获得转染成功的UV20-ERCC1细胞，West，emblot证实ERCC1的表达，细胞抑制率测定（SRB）分析表明，ERCC1表达水平增加与草酸铂敏感性降低密切相关。结论Gateway可成功构建包含ERCCl基因的表达载体，转染细胞后，提供体外研究ERCC1基因功能平台。草酸铂细胞毒作用与ERCC1基因表达水平具有一定关联。     

氰戊菊酯与甲苯对小鼠脑细胞氧化性损伤作用的研究

单独用氰戊菊酯或甲苯染毒时小鼠脑组织中丙二醛和氧化型谷胱甘肽含量均显著增加。还原型谷胱甘肽含量和超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性均有不同程度的下降。并呈一定的剂量－反应关系。说明氰戊菊酯和甲苯对小鼠脑细胞具有一定的氧化毒性。但当氰戊菊酯和甲苯以４：５混合染毒时，引起丙二醛、氧化型和还原型谷胱甘肽的含量、抗氧化性酶活性的变化反而减少。提示二者对小鼠脑细胞的氧化毒性具有一定的拮抗作用。     

大剂量雷米普利联合替米沙坦治疗糖尿病肾病

目的观察大剂量血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂联合血管紧张素受体拮抗剂治疗糖尿病肾病的疗效。方法68例糖尿病肾病患者被随机分为常规剂量雷米普利组和大剂量雷米普利组,均联合同等剂量的替米沙坦。治疗方案：常规剂量组给予雷米普利2．5mg／次,2次／d,口服。大剂量组给予雷米普利5mg/次,2次／d,口服。两组均联合应用替米沙坦80mg／d,观察治疗后3个月和6个月后,两组24h尿蛋白定量、血浆白蛋白、血肌酐、血钾水平以及血压的变化。结果两组在治疗6个月后24h尿蛋白定量均下降,血浆白蛋白均升高,与治疗前相比差异具有显著意义（P〈0．05）;大剂量组上述指标的变化更明显,与常规剂量组相比差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）;均能有效降压,大剂量雷米普利组降舒张压优于常规剂量组;两组治疗前后血钾和肾功能无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论大剂量血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗糖尿病肾病安全,联合血管紧张素受体拮抗剂治疗有双重阻断。肾素血管紧张素系统的作用,并且大剂量血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂联合血管紧张素受体拮抗剂更有效。     

血糖对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期患者预后的影响

目的探讨应激性高血糖对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者预后的影响。方法连续选入符合入选标准的123例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者,按照入院时有无应激性高血糖分为应激性高血糖组(A组)和血糖正常组(B组)。比较A组和B组入院时APACHEⅡ评分、肝肾功能损害发生率、机械通气时间及28 d病死率。结果 A组入院时血糖、APACHEⅡ评分、肝肾功能损害发生率、机械通气时间均高于于B组。结论入院时血糖越高,病情越重,预后越差。     

Efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of novel 3-aminohexahydrocoumarin derivatives and evaluation on their cytotoxicity

The efficient synthesis of novel 3-aminohexahydrocoumarin derivatives with high diastereoselectivity, wide applicability, short reaction time, high yields as well as operational simplicity was achieved via microwave-assisted reactions of dimedone or cyclohexane-1,3-dione with 4-arylidene-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-ones. Moreover, these novel compounds were subject to the test of in vitro cytotoxicity to carcinoma SW1116 and SGC7901 cells. Seven compounds showed stronger cytotoxicity to carcinoma SW1116 cells than doxorubicin hydrochloride at the concentration of 10 ug/mL. Nearly all the tested compounds exhibited strong or moderate cytotoxicity to SGC7901 cells with IC₅₀ values from 5.127 to 0.158 ug/mL.     

他汀类药物应用于冠心病患者中的调脂干预效果研究

目的探讨他汀类药物治疗冠心病患者的临床疗效及调脂干预效果。方法将唐山工人医院分院内科69例患者随机分为治疗组35例和对照组34例,治疗组口服普伐他汀片,对照组口服鱼油,观察冠心病患者症状、心电图改善情况,并分别于治疗前、后测定血脂水平,组间进行比较分析。结果治疗后治疗组血脂水平与对照组比较明显下降,治疗组冠心病患者症状改善总有效率为94.3%、明显优于对照组的73.5%,治疗组心电图改善总有效率为68.6%、明显优于对照组的41.2%,两组间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论他汀类药物降胆固醇作用明显,并且可以显著改善冠心病患者的心电图、症状及预后,应作为冠心病患者治疗的一线用药。     

Synthesis, cytotoxicity and DNA-binding levels of ammine/propylamine platinum(II) complexes with carboxylates

Seven new mixed ammine/propylamine platinum(II) complexes with carboxylates (a-g) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity, IR, UV, and (1)H NMR spectra techniques. The cytotoxicity of these complexes was tested by MTT assay. The levels of total platinum bound to DNA were measured by ICP-MS. The results indicate that the complexes (a-g) have better cytotoxicity against EJ and HL-60 than other carcinoma cell lines. The cytotoxicity increases in the sequence: g相似文献   

胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病高血糖状态的疗效分析

目的总结并分析采用连续皮下胰岛素输注方法强化治疗2型糖尿病高血糖状态的疗效以及剂量。方法216例血糖控制差的住院2型糖尿病患者,给予胰岛素泵强化治疗,疗程8d,不合用其他口服降糖药,观察达到满意血糖控制（FPG〈7mmol／L,2hPG〈10mmol／L）的天数以及胰岛素泵的基础量和餐前大剂量,并分析与上述指标相关的因素。结果血糖达满意控制的平均天数为（5．4±1．8）d,日基础量为（0．23±0．07）U／kg,早餐前大剂量为（0．12±0．05）U／kg,午餐前大剂量为（0．14±0．06）U／kg,晚餐前大剂量为（0．14±0．06）U／kg,在血糖满意控制后,胰岛素用量显著减少。发生低血糖症（0．04±0．21）次／人,生化低血糖（0．07±0．25）次／人,低血糖反应（0．96±1．18）次／人。结论经过胰岛素泵的强化治疗,T2DM的高血糖状态可在5—6d得以纠正。经多元回归分析,影响达目标血糖时间的因素为FPG和年龄,影响胰岛素用量的因素为糖尿病的病程、治疗前FPG和2hPG。