高血压患者左心室肥厚与昼夜血压变化的性别差异

目的:探讨高血压患者血压昼夜节律变化对左心室肥厚的影响与性别的关系。方法:选择2000-01/2004-06大庆市第四医院心内科住院的原发性高血压病II期患者93例。行24h动态血压监测和超声心动图检查。采用动态血压分析系统自动测压,白昼间隔每15分1次,夜间每30分1次。24h测压78次。统计分析24h、白昼、夜间平均收缩压与舒张压。由计算机处理打印血压明细表,绘制血压曲线图。超声心动图采用美国HP5500型,测量室间隔厚度、左室舒张末期内径、左室后壁厚度。计算左室质量。以左室质量男≥125g/m2,女≥120g/m2诊断为左室肥厚。血压昼夜节律判定采用动态血压正常值协作研究所规定的标准,既夜间血压平均值比日间下降10%以上称之为杓型改变,夜间血压平均值比日间下降<10%称之为非杓型改变。结果:93例均进入结果分析。①昼夜血压呈杓型改变41例,男25例,女16例;非杓型改变52例,男33例,女19例。②杓型与非杓型组相比,偶测血压和白昼平均血压均无显著差异(P>0.05)。女性非杓型组24h平均收缩压比杓型组明显升高犤(154.13±15.23),(135.21±9.71)mmHg,t=2.541,P<0.05犦;夜间平均收缩压明显升高犤(147.36±18.65),(124.49±8.89)mmHg,t=2.812,P<0.05犦;睡眠时最低平均收缩压明显升高犤(130.89±18.78),(109.89±11.57)mmHg,t=3.203,P<0.05犦。而男性高血压患者杓型与非杓型组各血压指标间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。③女性非杓型组的室间隔厚度与杓型组相比明显增厚犤(1.45±0.42),(1.01±0.12)cm,t=2.421,P<0.05犦;左室后壁厚度明显增厚犤(1.26±0.19),(0.96±0.13)cm,t=2.902,P<0.05犦;左室质量明显增大犤(329.32±95.29),(229.32±27.31)g/m2,t=3.104,P<0.05犦。男性患者非杓型组与杓型组的室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室质量参数比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:女性高血压患者昼夜血压非杓型改变较杓形改变者左室肥厚程度显著,而男性患者这种改变不明显,监测昼夜血压非杓型与杓型变化规律,对女性高血压患者左室肥厚的评估有实际应用价值。     

Comparing differences and correlation between 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and office blood pressure monitoring in patients with untreated hypertension

ObjectiveWe assessed differences and correlations between 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and office blood pressure (OBP) monitoring.MethodsWe conducted an observational study among 85 untreated patients with essential hypertension and measured 24-hour ABP, OBP, target organ damage (TOD) markers, and metabolism indexes. Variance analysis and the Pearson method were used to compare differences and correlation between the two methods. The Spearman or Pearson method was applied to compare the correlation between TOD markers, blood pressure index, and metabolism index. Linear regression analysis was applied to estimate the quantitative relationship between the blood pressure index and TOD markers.ResultsThere were significant differences in the mean and variance of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure and a positive correlation between ABP and OBP. Correlations between the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and average ambulatory SBP, daytime ambulatory SBP, nighttime ambulatory SBP, and fasting blood glucose were significant. Correlations between left intima-media thickness (IMT) and average ambulatory SBP, nighttime ambulatory SBP, right IMT, and nighttime ambulatory SBP were significant. In linear regression analysis of the LVMI (y) and ambulatory SBP (x), the equation was expressed as y = 0.637*x.ConclusionNighttime ambulatory SBP may be an optimal predictor of TOD.     

Treatment of patients with essential hypertension using bifunctional 24-hour blood pressure and ECG monitoring

The results of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM) help to divide patients into therapeutic groups according to the leading hemodynamic mechanism offorming essential arterial hypertension (EAH). In patients with a mean day heart rate of > or =73 bpm antihypertensive therapy should begin with beta1-adrenoblockers when not contraindicated. In patients with a mean day heart rate of < or =73 bpm antihypertensive therapy may be started with preparations of other pharmaceutical groups. In this study, Plendil or Concor was administered as a chronotherapy; later their combination was used, and diuretics or ACE inhibitors were added when necessary. At any stage of the study, starting from the second week of therapy, if blood pressure (BP) was normal and there were ischemic episodes according to matched 24-hour BPM and ECG, Cardiket and, when not contraindicated, Aspirin, were added. The offered algorithm of choice of therapy made it possible to achieve a good antihypertensive effect in 84% of patients and a satisfactory effect in 7% of patients, which was accompanied by a tendency towards the shortening of total ischemia duration and lowering the frequency of myocardial hypokinesia. The effect of the therapy was poor only in 9% of patients, 2% of whom one left the study due to adverse reactions before BP was normalized. BP was normalized on the 8th week of treatment in 75% of patients. It is appropriate to include matched 24-hour BPM and ECG in the follow-up of patients with EAH and coronary artery disease upon discharge under the conditions of routine physical load. According to 24-hour BPM, mean day heart rate and total length of ischemia grow during this period due to an increase in physical and emotional load, which requires correction of the therapy.     

高血压患者动态血压与心肌缺血和左心室肥大的关系

目的监测高血压患者动态血压变化,探讨与心肌缺血(MI)和左心室肥大(LVH)之间的关系。方法对92例高血压患者同步进行动态心电图和动态血压监测,根据有无MI分为:MI组38例和无MI组54例。结果(1)两组间比较24h和夜间平均收缩压(SBP)、平均舒张压(DBP),白天平均DBP差异均显著(P<0.05,t=3.96,3.00,2.76,4.35,4.63);(2)两组间最高SBP和最高DBP均无差异(P<0.05,t=1.04,1.19,0.91,1.19,1.80,0.96);(3)两组间24hSBP负荷、夜间SBP负荷和DBP负荷差异显著(P<0.05,t=2.30,2.50,2.60);(4)伴有MI的患者,血压呈“杓型”变化的发生率明显低于无MI的患者(P<0.005,χ2=9.85);(5)伴有MI的患者,其LVH的发生率明显高于无MI患者的发生率(P<0.005,χ2=13.56)。结论高血压患者持续的血压增高,尤其是夜间持续升高,血压负荷增大,对LVH的发生发展起着重要的作用。     

Parameters of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, and cardiovascular remodeling in patients with primary arterial hypertension

The aim of the investigation was to study correlations between 24-hour blood pressure (BP) values and structural and functional remodeling of the cardiovascular system in patients with primary arterial hypertension (AH), in men and women separately. The subjects of the study were 158 patients with primary AH aged 39 to 68 years, including 84 males and 74 females. Twenty-four hour BP monitoring, two-dimensional Doppler echo CG, and duplex scanning of the carotids were performed. Linear correlation was used for statistical analysis. The data evidence a correlation between average 24-hour BP (ABP), one the one hand, and ABP time index, interventricular septum thickness (IVST), posterior left ventricular wall thickness (PLVT), and carotid intima-media complex thickness (CIMTC), on the other, in women. There was a reverse correlation between pulse BP and ejection fraction (EF), and a direct one with parameters of heart and vascular remodeling, such as IVST, PLVT, LV myocardial mass (MM), LVMM index, and IMTC in women. In men, changes in such 24-hour BP parameters, as BP variability and the degree of nocturnal BP decrease, leads to earlier myocardial remodeling with a decrease in contractility vs. women.     

Morning rise of systolic blood pressure (by 24-hour ambulatory monitoring) and platelet aggregability in essential hypertension patients

AIM: To investigate the relationship between platelet aggregability (PA) and parameters of blood pressure (BP) in patients with essential hypertension (EH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 24-h BP recordings (SL-90207, 15-min day and 30 min night time intervals) of 47 hospitalized males with mild to moderate EH (mean age 48 +/- 1 years) to assess the following parameters: mean 24-h, awake (Aw) and nighttime (N) systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP. We assessed the morning rise (MR) of BP using the new index: a relative morning rise of systolic BP-RMRSBP--(max value of SBP from 6 am to 12 am/mean asleep SBP) x 100%. The kinetics of mean aggregate size (MAS) changes was studied with aggregation analyzer model (230LA Biola Ltd., Russia). The following parameters were used for estimation of platelet aggregability: a relative increase in MAS 2 min after beginning of sample stirring--for spontaneous aggregation (SPA) and the maximum increase in the light transmission for 0.5 microM ADP-induced aggregation (ADPI-PA). The patients were divided into two groups according to the median value of RMRSBP: group 1 (n = 25, RMRSBP < 121%) and group 2 (n = 22, RMRSBP > 121%). The differences in estimated parameters were tested by Student two tailed t-tests and presented by M +/- SE. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: No significant differences have been found between the groups by mean age, body mass index, duration of arterial hypertension, mean 24-h, awake DBP and SBP. Statistically significant differences have been found between groups by SPA, ADPI-PA, night SBP, night DBP, RMRSBP, RMRDBP. In group 2 there was a correlation between RMRSBP and SPA, but not in group 1. CONCLUSIONS: The morning rise of systolic BP is associated with an increase of ADP-induced and spontaneous platelet aggregability in the patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and apparently that association is more pronounced at high values of morning BP (more than 20% from mean nocturnal values of SBP).     

State of the left heart ventricle and 24-hour arterial blood pressure profile in patients with angina pectoris and episodes of silent myocardial ischemia

AIM: To study association between the state of the left ventricle (LV) of the heart, characteristics of a 24-h profile of arterial pressure (AP) and episodes of painless myocardial ischemia (PMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Echocardiography, bifurcation 24-h monitoring of AP and ECG were conducted in 137 patients with effort angina (EA) receiving clinically effective antianginal therapy. RESULTS: Episodes of PMI at daytime were detected in 33 (24.1%) patients, at day and nighttime in 10 (7.3%) patients. There were significant differences neither by LV state nor by 24-h AP profile in patients free of PMI and those with daytime episodes. Patients with day and night PMI episodes had dilated LV and a decreased fall of night AP. Comparison of the parameters of 24-h AP and ECG monitoring has demonstrated that PMI episodes follow a rise in systolic and diastolic AP. In ischemia systolic and diastolic AP rise. In postischemic period systolic AP lowered while diastolic AP rose higher. CONCLUSION: Changes in diastolic AP may contribute to both onset and arrest of PMI. Decreased night fall in AP is one of the mechanisms compensating impaired coronary circulation.     

血压变异性与急性ST段抬高心肌梗死心室重构及预后的关系

目的探讨急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者血压变异性(BPV)与心室重构的关系及BPV对STEMI患者临床预后的预测价值。方法选择2012年1月至2013年6月在我院心内科住院并诊断为STEMI的患者268例,以患者24 h收缩压变异系数(CV)中位数11.7%为界分为低CV组(24 h SBP-CV≤11.7%)134例和高CV组(24 h SBP-CV>11.7%)134例,所有患者均于住院期间及出院12个月行超声心动图检查测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)及左心室射血分数(LVEF),比较两组患者BPV与心室重构指标的差异。出院后对患者随访12个月,动态追踪观察两组患者随访期内心脏不良事件(MACE)的发生情况。结果出院12个月后,高CV组患者左心室重构指标LVEDd、LVEDV、LVESV显著高于低CV组,而LVEF则较低CV组降低[(54.93±2.81)mm vs.(51.29±2.35)mm,P<0.01;(127.14±6.34)ml vs.(124.91±6.52)ml,P<0.01;(64.44±5.79)ml vs.(62.94±5.83)ml,P<0.01;(48.51±3.32)%vs.(50.02±4.15)%,P<0.01],术后随访12个月,Kaplan-Meier生存分析发现高CV组患者累积无MACE事件生存率较低CV组患者降低,差异有统计学意义(84.3%vs.92.5%,Log rank=4.448,P=0.035)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示24 h收缩压变异性(SBP-CV)是STEMI患者直接PCI术后MACE发生的独立预测因子之一。结论 STEMI患者BPV与心室重构密切相关,24 h SBP-CV对STEMI患者的临床预后具有预测价值。     

24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in male children receiving stimulant therapy

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cardiac indices are altered as assessed by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in male children receiving either chronic methylphenidate or dextroamphetamine/levoamphetamine (Adderall) therapy. METHODS: Boys 7-11 years old who were receiving methylphenidate or Adderall for a minimum of 2 months were asked to participate. Subjects wore ambulatory blood pressure monitors for 24-hour periods both off and on stimulant therapy. RESULTS: Subjects (n = 17; 8 methylphenidate, 9 Adderall) were well matched. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate differed between off and on stimulant therapy (p < 0.05). DBP load calculated from ABPM reference data was increased significantly (9.0% +/- 5.6% on and 4.8% +/- 4.5% off therapy; p < 0.05) while subjects were taking Adderall. There was a trend toward a greater elevation in blood pressure load during awake hours and a more pronounced decrease during the asleep hours for periods on compared with off-stimulant therapy. This trend resulted in significant (p < 0.05) nocturnal dipping on-stimulant phases compared with off-stimulant therapy for both SBP and DBP (Adderall) and SBP (methylphenidate). Two subjects (1 Adderall, 1 methylphenidate) met the criteria to be considered hypertensive based both on mean awake and 24-hour blood pressure load assessments during their on-treatment period. One additional subject receiving Adderall therapy met the criteria to be considered hypertensive based on blood pressure load criteria while off therapy only. Positive correlation coefficients (p < 0.05) were found when comparing stimulant dose (mg/kg) with the percent change of mean SBP, DBP, and heart rate between off and on therapy (r = 0.56, 0.61, and 0.58, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary data suggest that blood pressure and heart rate appear to be altered in male patients while receiving stimulant therapy for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Blood pressure and heart rate screening and monitoring during stimulant therapy to determine whether alterations become clinically significant is encouraged.     

Effects of adaptation to intermittent normobaric hypoxia on the results of 24-hour monitoring of arterial pressure in hypertensive patients

30 hypertensive patients of the study group received combined therapy including adaptation to intermittent normobaric hypoxia and medicines. 32 control hypertensive patients were treated with drugs alone. 24-h monitoring of blood pressure (BP) in all the patients has shown that the study group achieved a more pronounced lowering of AP, especially of maximal AP nocturnal and diurnal rises. The combined therapy normalized 24-h AP profile, it increased the number of patients with an adequate fall of nocturnal AP while the number and duration of high AP episodes decreased. Positive changes in a 24-h AP profile were significantly more evident in patients of the study group than in patients treated only with hypotensive drugs.     

Early 24-hour blood pressure response to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in obese patients

Recently, it has been proposed, that the blood pressure (BP) lowering effect of gastric bypass surgery not only is explained by the obtained weight loss, but that the anatomical rearrangement of the gut after ‘malabsorptive’ surgical techniques, such as the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), may affect BP through a change in a putative 'entero-renal' axis. If so one could anticipate a reduction in BP even before a noticeable weight loss was obtained. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the very early BP response to LRYGB surgery. Ten severely obese hypertensive (mean BMI 40.8?kg/m²) and 10 severely obese normotensive (mean BMI 41.7?kg/m²) patients underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements (24?h ABPMs) before LRYGB and again day 1 and day 10 after LRYGB. No change in 24?h BP was observed day 1 after LRYGB. Day 10 after surgery both hypertensive and normotensive patients demonstrated a significant 12.6?mmHg and 9.5 reduction in systolic BP (SBP), respectively. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 8.3 and 5.4?mmHg. At day 10 postoperatively, a weight loss of 7.9?kg in the hypertensive patients and 7.0?kg in the normotensive patients was observed. The reduction in BP after LRYGB takes place before any substantial weight loss has occurred. The reason for this remains speculative, but obese hypertensive patients may clearly benefit from the operation even if the goal of achieving ‘normoweight’ is not obtained.     

Effects of delapril in combination with indapamide on blood pressure and left ventricular mass in elderly hypertensive patients

We present a single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of the effects on blood pressure and left ventricular mass and of the safety of a combined antihypertensive treatment with delapril, a new nonsulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and indapamide, a sulfonamide diuretic. We studied 28 elderly patients aged 65-85 years (mean age, 69 +/- 1) with sitting systolic/diastolic blood pressure of 160-200/95-115 mm Hg (at the end of the placebo period). After a 2-week placebo run-in, patients took 30 mg delapril in combination with 1.25 mg indapamide once daily for 24 weeks. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure was monitored and M- and B-mode echocardiography were performed before and after 24 weeks of treatment. Blood pressure decreased from 156 +/- 1.5/101 +/- 1 mm Hg before treatment to 133 +/- 1/73 +/- 1 mm Hg after treatment. The total blood pressure burden also decreased; the percentage of measurements with a systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mm Hg decreased from 48.7% +/- 5%/31.5% +/- 4.3% to 23.5% +/- 4%/20.5% +/- 2.9% (p < 0.0005 and p < 0.05). The area under the curve of the 24-hour blood pressure decreased from 250 +/- 41/103 +/- 21 mm Hg to 97 +/- 21/37 +/- 8.5 mm Hg (p < 0.001 and p < 0.005). The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in the 15 patients with pretreatment left ventricular hypertrophy was reduced after therapy from 167.5 +/- 8.5 g/m 2 to 152.2 +/- 7.6 g/m 2 (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between percent changes of the area under the curve of the 24-hour diastolic blood pressure and percent changes of LVMI (r = 0.6; p < 0. 05) in the 15 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. Only 2 patients reported side effects: 1 developed skin rash and 1 developed headache. The safety of the treatment was confirmed by laboratory tests. In elderly hypertensive patients, the combination of delapril and indapamide at low doses reduced blood pressure and had favorable effects on LVMI with few side effects.     

原发性高血压患者血压动态监测参数与左室肥厚的相关性研究

目的　探讨原发性高血压患者血压动态监测参数与左室肥厚的相关性。方法　 15 8例原发高血压 、 期患者 ,应用超声心动图检查 ,测量左室舒张末径 ( L VDd)、左室收缩末径 ( LVSd)、室间隔厚度 ( IVS)及左室后壁厚度 ( PWT) ,根据 Devereux公式计算左室重量 ( LVM)和左室重量指数 ( L VMI)。并于清除降压药物干预后 ,进行无创性血压动态监测 ( ABPM)。应用 SPSS软件对所得参数进行相关性分析。结果　原发性高血压患者 L VMI与 2 4h sbp和 N sbp的水平具有显著性相关 ( r=0 .164 8,P=0 .0 3 9和 r=0 .2 464 ,P=0 .0 0 2 )。结论　原发性高血压患者全天和夜间平均收缩压的水平在左室肥厚的发生中起着重要作用。     

高血压患者脉压与左心室肥厚的关系

目的 探讨高血压患者脉压与左心室肥厚的关系。方法 将高血压患者按脉压差高低分为4组：≤60mmHg、61～80mmHg、81～100mmHg和〉100mmHg。超声心动图检查，测量舒张末期室间隔厚度（IVSd）、舒张末期左心室内径（LVIDd）、舒张末期左心室后壁厚度（LPWd），求出左心室重量指数（LVMI），并分别进行比较。结果①高血压患者脉压与其年龄具有密切的关联。年龄增高，脉压增大；与血脂、血糖无明显的关系。②随着脉压差增大，舒张末期室间隔厚度、舒张末期左心室内径、舒张末期左心室后壁厚度逐渐增大。4组间比较差异具有显著性。结论 高血压患者脉压增大是导致左心宣肥厚的重要因素。     

The influence of circadian blood pressure changes on aortic distensibility and left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive individuals

Background: Failure to decrease blood pressure (BP) normally during nighttime, which is called non-dipper, in hypertensive individuals is associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition, non-dipper BP leads to structural changes in the left ventricle; however, the influences of non-dipper BP on aortic elastic properties and left ventricular diastolic function have not been studied yet. Methods: In this study, we evaluated aortic elastic properties and left ventricular diastolic function of 22 subjects with non-dipper hypertension, and 15 subjects with dipper hypertension using transthoracic second harmonic standard and tissue Doppler echocardiography (Acuson Sequoia C256^®). None of the subjects had any systemic disease or coronary risk factor except hypertension. Results: Age, gender, body mass index, lipids, and standard echocardiographic findings including left ventricular mass index were similar between the groups. Office BP recordings were similar between non-dipper and dipper groups (147.9±6.1/93.9±4.3 vs. 144.0±8.0/93.0±3.7). Daytime and 24-h ambulatory BP measurements were similar within the groups, but nighttime BPs were significantly greater in non-dipper group than those were in dipper group. Left ventricular diastolic parameters obtained by both standard and tissue Doppler did not differ between the non-dipper and dipper groups. However, aortic distensibility was found to be slightly lower (4.1±2.4 vs. 4.9±1.9, p=0.08), and aortic stiffness index (6.3±0.5 vs. 6.1±0.4, p=0.08) and elastic modulus (6.2±2.5 vs. 4.8±2.3, p=0.08; groups non-dipper and dipper respectively) higher in non-dipper group than in dipper group. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Left ventricular remodeling and diastolic function were similar in patients with non-dipper and dipper hypertension. However, aortic elastic properties were slightly impaired in non-dipper hypertensives than those were in dipper ones, but these differences did not reach statistically significance.     

缬沙坦对高血压左室肥厚患者的左室结构、室性心律失常及心肌缺血的影响

目的：研究缬沙坦对高血压左室肥厚（LVH）患者的左室结构、室性心律失常及心肌缺血的影响。方法：86例原发性高血压左室肥厚患者随机分为2组：治疗组每天口服缬沙坦80mg,对照组第天口服非洛地平5mg。平均12个月，观察用药后血压、左室结构、室性心律失常及心肌缺血的变化。结果：用药后2组收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）均显著降低（P＜0．01）；室间隔厚度（IVST）及左室后壁厚度（LVPWT）均变薄（P＜0．01）；左室重量指数（LVMI）明显沽少（P＜0．01）；室性心律失常发生率明显降低（P＜0．01）；发作性ST段压低的发生率及持续时间明显降低（P＜0．01）；对照组各项指标无明显变化（P＜0．05）。结论：在无冠心病证据的原发性高血压左段肥厚的患者中，长期应用缬沙坦具有良好的降压效果，同时还可逆转LVH，降低室性心律失常发生率，减少心肌缺血的发生率及持续时间，改善患者的预后。     

高血压病患者脉压与左心室重构的关系

目的探讨高血压病患者脉压随年龄变化的趋势及其与左心室肥厚、左室舒张功能的关系。方法将127例高血压病患者按年龄由小到大分为三组,比较不同年龄组的血压及超声心动图检查结果,分析收缩压、舒张压、脉压、左室心肌重量指数（LVMI）及左室舒张期充盈率。结果Ⅰ组收缩压、舒张压、脉压呈轻度增高,LVMI无明显改变而左心室舒张功能都已有下降（P〈0．01）;Ⅱ组收缩压、舒张压、脉压与Ⅰ组比较有增高（P〈0．05）,LVMI与Ⅰ组比较明显增高,左心室舒张功能与Ⅰ组比较明显降低（P〈0．01）;Ⅲ组的收缩压与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组比较有增高（P〈0．01）,舒张压急剧下降,而脉压却急剧上升,LVMI与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组比较增高明显,左心室舒张功能与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组比较降低亦明显（P〈0．01）。结论高血压病患者随着年龄的增长,脉压呈加速上升趋势,脉压升高更易导致左心室肥厚和左心室舒张功能的减退。     

脉压与冠心病患者左室功能及左室肥厚的关系

目的:比较分析合并与未合并糖尿病、高血压冠心病患者脉压与心功能指标及左室肥厚的关系。方法:①选择2001-01/12上海交通大学附属第一人民医院心内科住院冠心病患者105例,男70例,女35例。其中仅合并高血压者29例(合并高血压组),同时合并高血压及糖尿病者27例(合并高血压及糖尿病组),合并糖尿病者32例(合并糖尿病组),无高血压及糖尿病者(无高血压及糖尿病组)17例。患者均知情同意。②在行冠状动脉造影术过程中测定主动脉内收缩压、舒张压,计算脉压值。超声心动描记法为M型模式下测定舒张末期左室腔直径、左室后壁厚度及室间隔厚度及左室射血分数。根据公式:左室质量=1.04[(室间隔厚度+舒张末期左室腔直径+左室后壁厚度)3-舒张末期左室腔直径3]-13.6计算左室质量。根据公式:相对室壁厚度=(室间隔厚度+左室后壁厚度)/舒张末期左室腔直径计算相对室壁厚度。③分别以脉压、左室质量、左室射血分数及相对室壁厚度为变量,以年龄、性别、伴有高血压、伴有糖尿病、同时伴有高血压及糖尿病为控制变量,进行偏相关分析。组间分析采用方差分析。结果:冠心病105例均进入结果分析。①各组脉压无明显差别。合并高血压及糖尿病组左室质量、相对室壁厚度大于其他3组(P<0.05),心功能指标左室射血分数明显低于其他3组(P<0.05)。②各组脉压均与左室质量呈显著正相关(r=0.35～0.47,P<0.05～0.01)。合并高血压组、合并高血压及糖尿病组脉压与左室射血分数呈显著正相关(r=0.33,0.41P<0.05)。合并高血压及糖尿病组脉压与相对室壁厚度呈显著正相关(r=0.51,P<0.01)。结论:脉压是一独立于高血压之外的,与左室肥厚有关的独立指标;同时合并高血压及糖尿病,为影响冠心病患者左室肥厚,左室收缩功能的重要因素。