What are the Therapeutic Effects of Point Zusanli （ST 36）？

Point Zusanli （ST 36） is the He-Sea point of Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming and also one of the reinforcing points of the whole body as well. Its major therapeutic effects are as follows.To regulate the stomach and intestines and to lower the up-adverse flow of qi That ＂the belly and abdomen are guarded by Zusanli （ST 36） ＂, the first phrase of Song of Four Major Points （ Si Zong Xue Ge）, briefly indicates that point Zusanli（ST 36） has the important therapeutic effects on the disease of the gastrointestinal system.     

针刺特定穴治疗功能性消化不良的研究现状与思考

Acupuncture plays a dominant role in treating functional dyspepsia （FD）. By reviewing and e- valuating clinical ROT and fundamental research with high quality in the past 17 years, it is found that specific acupoints are the chief in the treatment of FD; additionally, there are differences between specific acupoints and non-specific acupoints in therapeutic effect, explaining that the specificity of meridian points plays an im- portant role in treatment. However, because of inadequate high-quality researches in clinics, the specificity of acupoints can＇t be proved until the researches of clinical effect and mechanism of therapeutic difference are intensified.     

Analysis of the Frequency of Clinical Acupoint Use Based on ‘Traditional Chinese Medical Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Databank'

The frequencies of use of 361 human acupoints in 74 academic journals of traditional Chinese medicine published between 1949 and 2010 are arranged in order using ‘Traditional Chinese Medical Acupuncturemoxibustion Information Databank'. The frequencies of use are divided into five grades: most frequent use, more frequent use, frequent use, less frequent use and infrequent use. The most frequently used acupoints and infrequently used acupoints are summarized and analyzed to help point selection for clinical acupuncture and selection of acupuncture research projects in the future.     

Analysis of similarities and differences of the twelve Jing-Well acupoints for emergency

The twelve Jing-Well acupoints are located at the tips of the limbs, with strong stimulation andintense needling sensation, and play important roles in the treatment of various critical diseases. The twelve Jing-Well acupoints share similarities and have specificities in the treatment of critical and severe diseases. The similarities of the twelve Jing-Well acupoints are supposed to open the orifices and remove blockage, clear away heat, resolve swelling, dissolve toxin and remove blood stasis. The Jing-Well acupoints locate at the different positions also have their specific effects for emergencies. Shaoshang （LU 11） is supposed to clean and benefit the throat. Shangyang （LI 1） is supposed to clear away heat and purge Fu organs. Lidui （ST 45） is supposed to expel fire and stop fear. Yinbai （SP 1） is supposed to stop bleeding and correct collapse. Shaochong （HT 9） is supposed to clear away heat from the heart and get rid of vexation. Shaoze （SI 1） is supposed to dredge the breast collateral. Zhiyin （BL 67） is supposed to promote birth and smoothen delivery. Yongquan （KI 1） is supposed to nourish yin and suppress yang. Zhongchong （PC 9） is supposed to benefit the orifice and brighten the eyes. Guanchong （TE 1） is supposed to clean and promote the triple energizer. Zuqiaoyin （GB 44） is supposed to induce menstruation and stop pain. Dadun （LR 1） is supposed to clear away the liver fire and relieve hernia. It is advisable to identify the similarities and differences and apply different stimulating modes in order to guide the clinical practice and enhance the emergency effect.     

Volt-Ampere Characteristics of Acupoint Neiguan （PC 6） on Patients with Hyperthyroidism

Objective： To observe volt-ampere characteristic of Acupoint Neiguan （PC 6） on patients with hyperthyroidism for probing into the actions of acupoints and change of qi and blood of human body as well as the relationship between the action of acupoint and the metabolism of energy. Methods： A self-made high-sensitive apparatus was applied to detect volt-ampere curves of Acupoint Neiguan （PC 6） and its control point on 33 patients with hyperthyroidism and 30 healthy people. Results： In patients, the volt-ampere areas （VAA） of both ampere-increasing scan （AIS） and ampere-decreasing scan （ADS） as well as the inertia areas （IS） of both side Neiguan （PC 6） were significantly smaller than the control points （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.     

肾俞穴浅议

Acupoints are located on body surface where Qi and blood of Zang- and Fu-organs, meridians and collaterals pour, also they are main positions at which acupuncture and moxibustion are given for exerting actions of preventing and treating diseases. Studies have indicated that action of acupoints has relative specificity, acupuncture at different acupoints, or non-acupoints can produce obvious different effects in the extent and quality. In the present paper, syndrome differentiation, treatment and effectiveness and effects of Shènshū BL23 on the organism, and the thinking of study were preliminarily explored by reviewing the literature about this point.     

Clinical Application of Acupoint Neiguan （PC 6）

Acupoint Neiguan （PC 6） is first recorded in Ling Shu （Spritual Pivot）. It is the Luo-Connecting point of the Pericardium Meridian and communicates with acupoint Waiguan （TE 15）; it is also one of eight confluent points, and associates with the Yin Link Vessel. We often use Neiguan （PC 6） alone or as the cardinal acupoint to treat many disorders in clinical practice. It is now reported as follows.     

Neurohumoral System is the Main Pathway for Transmitting Acupuncture and Moxibustion Information

Abundant nerve ending distribution in the acupoint: Anatomists from 10 medical colleges and institutes as Shanghai Medical University, etc observed that there existed abundant nerve endings within about 5 mm-diameter range of the acupoint area in majority of 2444 acupoints in the dead human body. In above 90% of the observed acupoints, there were some nerve trunks or nerve branches to pass through. Results of the observations on 371 acupoints by scholars from France, Japan, Canada, the former Soviet Union, etc was very similar to those of Chinese scholars. The relationship between acupoint locations and forms of nerve distribution are ① acupoints are located in the superficial layer of the muscles where the nerves go out from the deep part. Most of them are acupoints on the head； ② the distribution of majority of the acupoints along the meridian track is basically identical to the route running of nerve trunk； ③ some acupoints are located at the converging sites of the cutaneous nerve branches on the bilateral sides of the midline of the body trunk; and ④ some acupoints distribute in the nerve branches.     

Clinical Application of Yongquan （KI 1）Acupointd

Yongquan （KI 1） is the Jing-Well point of Kidney Meridian of Foot Shaoyin. It can be used to treat many kinds of diseases, such as parietal headache, vertigo and blurred vision, hypopharynx swelling and pain, dry tongue, voice loss, epistaxis, apoplexy and apoplectic sequela, dysufia, ungratifying defecation, epilepsy, syncope, planter fever, palpitations, lower limbs spasm, hypertension, vomiting, infantile convulsion. The author applied Yongquan （KI 1） in clinical practice and obtained satisfactory therapeutic effects. Now five cases were introduced as follows.     

Investigation of the Role of Mast Cells in Acupuncture Effects and Their Sensitivity to Physical Stimuli During TCM Treatment

Objective： To better understand the function of mast cells in acupuncture points （acupoints） in acupuncture-induced analgesia. The author tested their sensitivity to mechanical, thermo and light stimulation. Methods： The tail flick model was applied to measure analgesia in rats, and the author determined the density of mast cells in tissue slices and their degranulation ratio before/after acupuncture. The author also applied the patch-clamp technique to investigate activation of human mast cells （HMC1 cell line） by mechanical stress or noxious heat, and the author optically observed degranulation phenomena of mast cell in response to red laser light. Results： Manual stimulation by acupuncture at Zusanli （ST 36） of the rat resulted in analgesia and the effect was more pronounced than after stimulation of a sham point nearby the acupuncture point. A higher density of mast cells was found at Zusanli （ST 36） than at the sham point,     

开四关配合子宫八阵穴针刺治疗慢性盆腔炎疼痛:随机对照试验

目的观察开四关配合子宫八阵穴针刺法治疗慢性盆腔炎疼痛的临床疗效。方法将60例患者随机分为治疗组、对照组,每组30例。治疗组采用开四关配合子宫八阵穴针刺法治疗,对照组口服盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊、甲硝唑片。采用妇科检查(局部体征)、治疗前后盆腔积液深度及盆腔炎性包块大小的测定作为观察指标。结果治疗组总有效率为90.0%(27/30),优于对照组的83.3%(25/30)。两组治疗1个疗程、治疗2个疗程、治疗结束后局部体征评分与同组治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示两组治疗后局部体征评分均有降低;两组治疗1个疗程、治疗2个疗程、治疗结束后局部体征评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组治疗1个疗程局部体征评分低于治疗组,提示对照组短期效应方面优于治疗组,治疗组治疗2个疗程、治疗结束后局部体征评分低于对照组,提示治疗组远期疗效优于对照组。结论两组治疗方法治疗慢性盆腔炎疼痛均有效,开四关配合子宫八阵穴针刺法治疗慢性盆腔炎疼痛远期疗效优于常规药物治疗,可明显提高患者生活质量,为临床提供优势治疗方法。     

Assessment of Heat-sensitization at Guanyuan （CV4） in Patients with Primary Dysmenorrhea： A Comparative Study between Moxibustion Sensation and Infrared Thermography

目的：采用灸感与红外法对原发性痛经患者关元穴热敏态进行检测对比研究,探讨腧穴热敏态红外客观显示的可能性。方法：共纳入原发性痛经患者71例,比较灸感法与红外法对原发性痛经患者关元穴热敏态的检测差异。结果：原发性痛经患者关元穴区发生热敏化时,其红外辐射强度多数显示低温特征,与灸感法比较,其敏感性（真阳性率）为76．6％,特异性（真阴性率）为70．1％,准确性为74．6％;艾灸热敏态关元穴区后,产生明显纵向或横向扩散的红外辐射增强区域,与灸感法比较,其敏感性（真阳性率）为78．7％,特异性（真阴性率）为83．3％,准确性为80.3％。结论：原发性痛经患者关元穴区热敏态在一定程度上可被红外成像客观显示;艾灸热敏腧穴产生的腧穴热敏现象（如扩热、传热）,除了被受试者主观感觉之外,在一定程度上也能被红外成像客观显示。     

浅谈四关穴

腧穴配伍是针灸处方的基本要素,是针灸临床工作者取得治疗效果的关键。《针灸大成》中记载:"四关:四穴,即两合谷、两太冲穴是也。"合谷、太冲这一经典配穴,均为原穴,合谷善主气,太冲善调血,两穴一气一血,一阴一阳,相互依赖,相互协调,治疗病证广泛,医者使用频次高。现从腧穴理论、配伍分析、经络理论和临床运用等角度进行分析,叙述如下。     

基于数据挖掘探析支沟穴主治病症和配伍规律

在系统整理支沟穴(SJ6)古今文献的基础上,利用数据挖掘技术,分析总结得出结论:主治病症方面,以内科的脾胃系、肝胆系、气血津液病症居多,1949年10月前在外科的瘰疬、耳鼻喉科的喉痦上具有独特优势,自1949年10月后对带状疱疹、肥胖症疗效突出;优势配伍腧穴方面,1949年10月前多配伍五输穴、原穴,自1949年10月...     

腧穴定位描述方法探讨——与六版《腧穴学》商榷

对现行腧穴定位描述方法进行了较全面,深入的分析,探讨,认为腧穴定位的文字描述应简练,准确,腧穴度量方式,体位描述体例应一致;针刺操作体位当以临床实际应用为准;腧穴定位连线的设定,应用需合理,准确无误;为了便于腧穴的度量,记忆,使概念清晰,可引入“基点”“基线”概念。对某些腧穴定位常用专用术语的含义进行了界定。     

简析《针灸甲乙经》中的禁（慎）针禁（慎）灸腧穴

《甲乙经》提出禁（慎）针禁（慎）灸腧穴数十个。为明确其确切数量、名称,其中何穴现已可针（灸）,每穴禁（慎）针禁（慎）灸具体情况、理由、原文出处,以及进一步探寻古人确立诸多禁（慎）针禁（慎）灸腧穴之原因,特认真查核原书制成两表,表后又作了类分、简析,使某穴可否针灸一览而明,理由洞然分晓。可供临床、教学、科研工作参考。     

腧穴研究进展

目的：介绍腧穴研究进展情况并进行评价。方法：对1998-2001年国内4种针灸杂志刊载的相关论文进行综述。结果：近4年我国腧穴研究主要集中在3个方面；腧穴特异性研究，腧穴定位研究，单穴主治研究。结论：腧穴研究已取得一定进展，但在系统性，科学性方面还存在一些问题，腧穴主治范围将得到进一步确定，腧穴机理研究将为针灸治病原理的揭示掀开崭新的一页。     

胸部危险穴位针刺安全深度的研究

随机抽样取５１具较新鲜成年人尸体，其中男尸２１具，女尸３０具，定穴、冰冻后，用解剖学断面方法切割，然后等化冻后，测量穴位皮肤浅点至引起危险的深点之间的距离，用统计学方法处理测量得到的数据。经研究，得到胸部２３个危险穴位引起危险的平均深度，并对胸部２３个危险穴位提出了针刺安全深度。     

后溪配申脉治疗强直性脊柱炎颈腰痛11例

目的:观察后溪配申脉治疗强直性脊柱炎颈腰痛的临床疗效。方法:11例强制性脊柱炎颈腰痛患者均给予针刺后溪配申脉治疗,留针30 min,留针期间,每隔10 min捻针催气一次,每日1次,14 d为1个疗程,2个疗程后对其疗效进行评价。结果:11例患者治疗2个疗程后,显效7例(63.64%),有效3例(27.27%),无效1例(9.09%),有效率为90.91%。结论:后溪配申脉可以改善强直性脊柱炎患者的颈腰痛症状。     

基于数据挖掘技术探析关冲穴主治优势病症和配伍规律

目的:探析关冲主治优势病症和配伍规律.方法:以1949年10月为时间分割点进行文献检索.1949年10月前的文献以《中华医典》(第五版)、《中国近代中医药期刊汇编》为主要检索源.1949年10月后的文献以中国知网、万方数据库、维普期刊资源数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web Of Science为主要检...