磁化水对小鼠血液过氧化氢酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力的影响

将小鼠随机分为饮用磁化水的实验组及饮用自来水的对照组，在组雌鼠８只，雄鼠９只。饲养一个月，测定其血液中的过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）活力。结果雌、雄实验组ＣＡＴ活性均显著高于对照组；雄鼠实验组ＧＳＨ－ＰＸＩ活力显著高于对照组，雌鼠实验组ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活力与对照组无显著差异。显示饮用一定时间磁化水的雄鼠机体处理自由基能力显著提高。雌鼠处理自由基能力有一定提高。     

绿舒筋对正常小鼠特异性免疫功能影响的研究

肿瘤的药物治疗始于1946年,至今已有多种抗癌药物,但均不能令人满意。自五十年代,从植物长春花中找到有抗癌活性的长春碱以来,近二十年国外对从植物中寻找新的抗癌成份的研究日益深入,其中一个重要来源就是传统的民间抗癌植物。我国有丰富的植物资源,有以植物为主治疗疾病的悠久历史,从祖国医学宝库中挖掘新的抗癌药物是合乎我国国情的一条新途     

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY OF DOPAMINE: THE CONTRIBUTION OF COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN INBRED STRAINS OF MICE

Comparative studies of behavioral responses to centrally acting drugs in inbred strains of mice which show differences in brain neurotransmitter activity represent a major strategy in the investigation of the neurochemical bases underlying behavioral expression. Moreover, these studies represent a preliminary stage in behavioral genetic research since they allow quantitative scales to be established and suggest correlations to be tested in recombinant inbred strains. The present review evaluates results obtained in mice of the C57BL/6 (C57) and DBA/2 (DBA) inbred strains which have been used for studies of the behavioral pharmacology of dopamine (DA) and investigated for the functional and anatomical characteristics of their brain DA systems. Differences between C57 and DBA strain involve susceptibility and sensitivity as well as qualitative differences in the type or direction of the behavioral effects of DA agonists. Moreover, data on strain-dependent differences for DA metabolism, release and receptor densities and distribution provide important indications about the relationship between behavioral and central effects of DA agonists and, more generally, about the involvement of brain DA in behavior.Comparative studies in C57 and DBA mice have also revealed differences in susceptibility to context-dependent, context-independent and stress-induced behavioral sensitization to psychostimulants. Consequently, they support the view that the term “behavioral sensitization” may define different phenomena in which different, independent genotype-related factors play a major role. Finally, studies on the behavioral and central effects of stressful experiences in C57 and DBA mice together with psychopharmacogenetic analyses, indicate that different symptomatological profiles may derive from genotype-dependent adaptation of brain DA receptors to environmental pressure. © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All Right Reserved.     

THE EFFECTS OF ANTIGENIC ISOMERISM AND ANTIGENIC AGGREGATION ON THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN INBRED RATS *

There is no evidence for genetic control of the antibody response to the d -amino acid polypeptide poly(d Glu⁵²d Lys³³d Tyr¹⁵) in contrast to the case of the l -isomer in which the antibody response is genetically controlled and linked to the major histocompatibility locus. There is also no crossreactivity between the l - and d -isomers of the polypeptide in the induction of the immune response. Aggregation of the l -isomer with methylated bovine serum albumin (MeBSA) abolished the pattern of genetic control by increasing antibody formation in the low responders and by decreasing it in the high responders. Aggregation of the d -isomer increased rather uniformly the antibody responses of all strains, except the moderately responding WF strain. The antibody response to the MeBSA in the aggregates was uniformly low, although there was a strain dependent variation in the antibody response to MeBSA alone.     

甲状腺激素对小鼠细胞免疫及体液免疫的影响

用注射Ｌ－Ｔ４和ＰＴＵ灌胃的方法成功地制备了甲状腺机能增高（甲高）和甲状腺机能减低（甲低）小鼠模型，并对这些小鼠的免疫功能进行了检测。发现甲低小鼠脾细胞数减少，甲高和甲低小鼠脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ反应性减弱。     

DISTRIBUTION OF HLA-A*28 ALLELES IN A SPANISH POPULATION

DNA oligotyping was used to determine HLA-A28 subtypes in 25 unrelated Caucasian individuals living in or around Seville, Spain. Results showed that HLA-A*6802 was the most frequent allele, found in 14 individuals (53.8%), followed by HLA-68.3, which was present in eight subjects (30.8%), and both combined represented 84.6% of A28⁺ individuals in the area. The HLA-A*6801 allele was found in three individuals (11.5%), whereas HLA-A*6901 was present in one subject only (3.8%). Results indicate that the distribution of HLA-A28 alleles can vary among different Caucasoid populations. In this way, the high frequency obtained for A*6802 supports previous studies suggesting that the HLA-A*6802 allele was prevalent in people of the Mediterranean basin, in contrast to A*6801, prevalent in northern European populations.     

振动对小鼠体内伊文氏篮分布的影响

在以往工作的基础上[1，2]，本文用药理学实验的方法对小鼠尾静脉注入伊文民蓝染料，在振动频率为20Hz，振幅为O．67mm与50Hz，0．44mm的条件下分别刚试了小鼠体内血液和腹腔渗出液中伊文氏蓝在0至2小时内的分布。结果表明：对于血液中伊文氏蓝浓度峰伍，两振动组均比对照组提前0．5小时；对于腹腔渗出液中伊文氏蓝浓度峰值，仅20Hz组比对照组提前0．5小时。从而证实了20Hz组与50Hz组可以改变血液中伊文氏蓝的分布。但是仅频率为20Hz，振幅为0.67mm的振动可以加快腹腔内毛细血管网处微血管内血液的流动。     

振动对小鼠体内磺胺嘧啶（SD）分布的影响

为了研究振动对生物体内物质的耗散作用，本文用药代动力学的方法在振动频率为２０Ｈｚ，加速度为１．１ｇ与５０Ｈｚ，４．４ｇ的条件下分别测试了小鼠体内血、肝与肾组织中磺胺啮咬（ＳＤ）在１至９小时内的分布，结果表明：２０Ｈｚ实验组血中ＳＤ浓度峰伍比对照组提前３小时，在振动１小时时，小鼠体内血、肝与肾组织中ＳＤ含量均比对照组高，但振动３小时至９小时内，其含量均比对照组低，从管道气栓体外模拟实验与本文的研究可得到启示：在上述频率与强度条件下，振动对生物体可能有促进血液循环的作用。     

MAPPING OF GENES CONTROLLING LEISHMANIA MAJOR INFECTION IN CXS RECOMBINANT INBRED MICE

Previous studies demonstrated that growth of the primary lesion following Leishmania major infection in inbred mice comes under the control of a single major gene designated Scl-1. Preliminary mapping studies had suggested a chromosome 8 location for the gene. In this paper a more detailed study of different disease phenotypes (lesion growth, splenomegaly, liver parasite load) in 14 CXS recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains was undertaken in order to obtain a more definitive map location for the gene. Using the Kruskal-Wallis generalization of the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test to assign RI strains to parental phenotypes, high concordances with genes at the mid (11-3) to distal end (Dlb-1, Hox-2, Sigje, Mtv-3 and Es-3) of chromosome 11 were demonstrated with two strains (LV39 and NIH173) of L. major given as promastigotes subcutaneously into the shaven rump. The results suggest that the most likely location for the previously described single major gene (Scl-1) regulating early lesion expansion is at the distal end of mouse chromosome 11, with the possibility that a gene located more proximally influences later phases of the infection.     

IL－2对NOD鼠糖尿病的影响

ＮＯＤ鼠是人类胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的动物模型，其发病与自身免疫有关。环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）可以加速这一过程，使ＮＯＤ鼠糖尿病的发病率提高或提前。一些研究表明：ＮＯＤ鼠的淋巴细胞在淋巴细胞混合反应中（ＭＬＲ），在有或无刺激物的存在下，白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）的产量均明显低于正常鼠的淋巴细胞。该实验对注射了一次大剂量的ＣＰ（３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）后的ＮＯＤ鼠试用了ＩＬ－２治疗。结果显示：对于年幼的ＮＯＤ鼠ＩＬ－２治疗１４无可以明显减轻注射ＣＰ后的胰岛破坏加速。病理检查显示三组胰岛炎严重程度积分分别为２９；８１；８８。ＩＬ－２处理组明显低于ＣｏｎＡ处理组与对照组。这个研究还显示，对于１２周龄的ＮＯＤ鼠，经１４天的ＩＬ－２治疗，可以完全预防ＣＰ诱导的糖尿病的发生。糖尿病发病率在ＩＬ－２组为０／１２；对照组为７／１２。但对已发病的ＮＯＤ鼠自发性糖尿病ＩＬ－２不能使其缓解。     

正常小鼠QRS波群功率谱稳定性的初步研究

本文以常用的心电图时域值的变异系数作对照，分析了１４只正常小鼠（昆明种）高频心电图Ⅱ导联ＱＲＳ波群的几个高频频段相对能量功率谱的稳定性。结果如Ｔ：１４只正常小鼠的各项心电指标中Ｒ－Ｒ间期、Ｐ－Ｒ间期、ＱＲＳ波宽、Ｑ－Ｔ间期等时域值的变异系数无论在不同个体间或同一个体不同时间都小于１７％；而功率谱中各高频频段的相对能量的变异系数都大于２５％，最高者可达７５％。这些结果提示：功率谱中各高频频段的相对能量的稳定性较差，从而能否用作判断心脏电生理机能的指标，还有待进一步研究。     

GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN INBRED RATS

The primary and secondary responses of rats to SRBC, measured by means of haemolytic antibody titres, showed strain differences. High-responder strains produced high levels of antibodies of IgG and IgM. Low-responder strain produced only low level of IgM antibody. With subsequent antigen challenge, only the high-responder strains produced high titres of antibody. Low-responder strain, in contrast, continued to make a low level of IgM antibody. Allogeneic transfer of spleen cells changed the low-responder strain, Fischer rats, to produce anti-SRBC IgG antibody. Fischer rats also showed low responses to OVA, BGG and to some ‘thymus independent antigens’. Genetic analyses showed the antibody production against SRBC and BGG was controlled by a single gene respectively. No linkage was found between Ir-SRBC, Ir-BGG, R (major histocompatibility) and c (coat colour) loci.     

中国汉族人群APOE等位基因频率的初步研究

载脂蛋白Ｅ（ａｐｏｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎＥ，ＡＰＯＥ）基因是一个多功能基因，除调节脂类及脂蛋白代谢之外，近年来还发现它与Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病及Ⅲ型高血脂症等病之间有密切关系。为对上述疾病进行病因学研究，作者采用一步法ＰＣＲ技术对４３８名无亲缘关系的中国汉族健康受试者的ＡＰＯＥ基因进行分型，并计算其基因频率分布，结果表明，中国治疗人群ＡＰＯＥ３种等位基因的频率分别为：Ｅ２＝０．０４００，Ｅ３＝０．８     

ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN CROSSES BETWEEN HIGH OR LOW IMMUNE RESPONDER AND INBRED STRAINS OF MICE

The global dominance of ‘high’ or ‘low’ genes operating in high (H) or low (L) selected immune responder lines of mice has been studied in F₁ hybrids between these lines and various inbred strains of mice. Two antigens were used: cyte, SE) and the alum-precipitated bovine serum albumin (BSA-A1). In (H × L)F₁ hybrids the H response is partially dominant for the two antigens during the primary response. This is the most frequent feature observed in hybrids between H or L and inbred strains. But some exceptions indicate that the quantitative immune response genes of H and L mice aar not always equivalent to those of inbred strains. In (L x AKR)F₁ hybrids immunized with SE, there is a dominance of the L response. Concerning BSA-A1, an initial, short lasting dominance of L response is observed in (L × C57B1/6)F₁ and (L × C3H)F₁ hybrids. The lack of secondary response to BSA-A1, characteristic of the L line, is completely recessive in all hybrids. The question is open whether primary and secondary responses have the same genetic regulation. No overdominance of high or low responsiveness is observed. This means that the main genes regulating the quantitative antibody response have been accumulated in the selected lines.     

黄芪多糖对去T细胞小鼠促进抗体产生机理的探讨

黄芪多糖(APS)100mg/kgx6天 ip 可以增加正常小鼠脾脏重量,而对去胸腺与抗胸腺细胞血清处理过的小鼠(T_x-ATS)的作用明显降低。APS 能够显著提高正常小鼠 SRBC 免疫后脾细胞直接溶血空斑(d-PFC)和间接溶血空斑(i-PFC)数量,但对 T_x-ATS 小鼠不能促进d-PFC 数升高。APS 可以提高 T_x-ATS 小鼠在 LPS 免疫后 d-PFC 数,这个作用同 APS 对正常小鼠 SRBC 免疫后的效应相比显著降低。这些结果提示,APS 促进抗体形成作用机理可能是通过 T 细胞介导的。