自拟方辨证治疗支气管哮喘伴胃食管反流病对患者肺功能的影响

目的 :观察运用中医药治疗支气管哮喘伴胃食管反流病对患者肺功能指标的影响。方法 :将 41例患者随机分成 2组 ,对照组常规吸入普米克气雾剂治疗支气管哮喘 ;观察组在此基础上自拟方辨证治疗支气管哮喘伴有的胃食管反流病。 2组均治疗 5周 ,治疗前后分别测定肺功能 (FEV1、PEF)。结果 :观察组FEV1、PEF的增加与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :运用中医药治疗支气管哮喘伴胃食管反流病 ,能显著提高患者的肺功能。     

食管pH监测对内镜阴性胃食管反流病的诊断价值探讨

目的观察食管pH监测在内镜阴性胃食管反流病中的诊断价值。方法选择临床诊断胃食管反流病（GERD）而内镜检查阴性的42例患者作为研究组，选择无上消化道症状的10例体检者作为对照组．分别行食管24h pH监测检查，分析比较其结果。结果42例内镜阴性者经食管24h pH值监测检出36例（85.71％）符合GERD诊断标准，有反流症状患者酸反流次数、酸长反流次数、最长酸反流时间、pH值〈4 总百分比、pH值〈4 立位百分比、pH值〈 4卧住百分比均显著高于正常对照组，各指标比较有统计学意义（t分别=7.95、6.38、6.12、7.34、7.86、6.06，P均〈0.05）。老年患者24h pH监测GERD栓出率显著高于非老年患者（X^2=6.36，P〈0.05）。结论食管24h pH值监测是诊断内镜检查阴性的胃食管反流病的理想方法。     

抗胃食管反流药物治疗支气管哮喘合并胃食管反流的临床研究

支气管哮喘的发病机制非常复杂,迄今仍未完全明了。不同类型的支气管哮喘发病机制不尽相同,也可相互重叠。支气管哮喘与胃食管反流存在着密切关系,但其机制尚不清楚。本研究中我们通过抗胃食管反流药物治疗支气管哮喘合并胃食管反流患者的回顾分析,旨在进一步说明胃食管反流对支气管哮喘的影响作用。     

创伤后昏迷患者胃食管反流的临床监测

目的 探讨创伤后昏迷患者胃食管反流的发生情况，为临床治疗护理提供依据。方法应用便携式pH监测仪，将pH电极以pH梯度法定位于患者食管下括约肌以上5cm处，对24例创伤后昏迷患者进行24h食管pH监测，并将监测值与正常值进行比较。结果 24例创伤后昏迷患者中19例占79．2％总评分大于正常值，其中除反流次数与正常值最高限接近外，pH〈4的反流时间占监测总时间的百分比，反流时间〉5min次数，最长反流时间，Boix—Ochoa综合评分各指标均较正常值显著增高。结论创伤昏迷患者胃食管反流多数异常，需加强此类患者预防反流及误吸的治疗与护理。     

创伤后昏迷患者胃食管反流的临床监测

目的 探讨创伤后昏迷患者胃食管反流的发生情况,为临床治疗护理提供依据.方法 应用便携式pH监测仪,将pH电极以pH梯度法定位于患者食管下括约肌以上5 cm处,对24例创伤后昏迷患者进行24 h食管pH监测,并将监测值与正常值进行比较.结果 24例创伤后昏迷患者中19例占79.2%总评分大于正常值,其中除反流次数与正常值最高限接近外,pH＜4的反流时间占监测总时间的百分比,反流时间＞5 min次数,最长反流时间,Boix-Ochoa综合评分各指标均较正常值显著增高.结论 创伤昏迷患者胃食管反流多数异常,需加强此类患者预防反流及误吸的治疗与护理.     

黄芪建中汤联合奥美拉唑治疗胃食管反流病的临床观察

目的探讨黄芪建中汤联合奥美拉唑治疗胃食管反流病(GERD)的临床疗效。方法我院收治的160例GERD患者,按随机数字表法分为两组各80例,对照组予常规治疗(奥美拉唑),观察组在此基础上予黄芪建中汤,比较两组治疗前后中医症候积分变化、24 h内反流情况与pH4总时间所占比率、生活质量(SF-36)评分、复发率及不良反应。结果治疗后,观察组各中医症候积分均低于对照组;24 h内超过5分钟反流次数、pH4总时间所占比率、4小时反流次数、最长反流时间均少于对照组;SF-36量表各项内容评分高于对照组,复发率低于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论黄芪建中汤联合奥美拉唑治疗GERD,可有效改善患者中医症候,减轻胃食管反流情况,促进食管pH值的恢复,提高其生存质量,降低短期复发率,疗效确切,且不良反应少。     

埃索美拉唑在残胃患者食管酸反流中的应用

目的 探讨埃索美拉唑对残胃患者胃食管酸反流的疗效.方法 24 h食管pH＜4时间百分率大于4％的残胃患者给予埃索美拉唑(A组)及奥美拉唑(B组),比较治疗前、后食管pH变化及反流症状缓解率.结果 A组治疗前、后pH＜4总时间百分比与B组无差异,但各组内有明显差异(P＜0.05).A组第2天反流缓解率高于B组.结论 埃索美拉唑可明显缓解残胃患者食管酸反流.     

食管高敏感性及与精神心理因素的关系

1引言长时间食管下段pH测定是当前最客观检测和定量胃食管酸反流的方法。根据反流次数、酸暴露时间的百分比等参数将胃食管反流分为生理性胃食管酸反流和胃食管反流性疾病（GERD）。根据内镜下食管改变,GERD分为：不伴食管炎症的GERD和反流性食管炎。对有胃灼热（烧心）、反酸、胸骨后灼痛症状的病人行24小时食管下皮pH测定,发现其中一部分病人胃食管酸反流在正常范围内。心理调查发现这部分人有较明显的焦虑等精神心理障碍。本文对胃食管反流症状、食管酸高敏感性以及与精神心理因素的关系作一论述。2反流样功能性消化不良近年来,…     

小儿胃食管反流病致哮喘13例误诊分析

目的探讨胃食管反流性哮喘的临床特点,以减少误诊。方法回顾分析我院近年收治的13例小儿胃食管反流性哮喘的临床资料。结果 13例均以哮喘为主要表现,消化道症状隐匿甚至缺如,均误诊为支气管哮喘,抗哮喘治疗效果不佳,症状反复发作。3岁以下5例经应用质子泵抑制剂(PPI)试验性治疗,哮喘症状缓解而确诊;余8例年长儿均经食管内镜检查及24 h食管pH值监测确诊。结论对小儿哮喘长期反复发作者,应警惕胃食管反流病所致哮喘,根据条件酌情行食管内镜、24 h食管pH值监测等检查或PPI试验性治疗助诊。     

幽门螺杆菌与胃食管反流病的关系

目的本文研究了Hp阴性和Hp阳性的胃食管反流病(GERD)患者食管动力学和食管酸暴露情况,以阐明Hp感染和GERD两者之间的关系。方法纳入GERD患者64例,按Hp感染情况分为Hp阳性组37例,Hp阴性组27例。检测前1周停用抑酸药和胃肠动力药。对2组进行食管动力学检测和食管24 h pH监测。结果①Hp阳性和Hp阴性组性别、年龄和体质量指数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。②Hp阳性和Hp阴性组食管动力学检测:LES压力、长度及食管体部的各项动力学指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。③Hp阳性和Hp阴性组24 h食管pH监测DeMeester评分、食管pH<4时间百分比、pH<4反流次数、pH<4大于5min反流次数、pH<4最长反流持续时间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。④本研究中GERD患者食管下端括约肌压力(LESP)为(9.1±1.9)mm Hg,明显低于正常人,但它和DeMeester评分无相关性(r=0.130,P=0.304)。结论①Hp感染对胃食管反流病患者的LESP和食管体部的运动功能无明显影响;②Hp感染对胃食管反流病患者的食管酸暴露也没有显著影响;③Hp感染与胃食管反流病的发生没有明显关系。     

Prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment of patients with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease

About one third of the US adult population experiences symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux on a monthly basis. Asthma is present in about 5% of the same population. This article reviews and summarizes the literature in the following areas: (1) prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in asthmatic patients based on clinical symptoms, endoscopic esophagitis, and 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH recordings; (2) proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms linking the 2 diseases; and (3) medical and surgical treatment trial results of antireflux therapy for asthmatic patients. Asthmatic patients appear to have an increased prevalence of GERD symptoms and 24-hour esophageal acid exposure. The clinical management of these patients remains controversial. Common management approaches to GERD in asthmatic patients include medical therapy with a proton pump inhibitor and/or antireflux surgery, which improve asthma symptoms in many patients but minimally affect pulmonary function.     

24小时食管PH监测对诊断胃食管反流的临床研究

目的:探索24h食管pH检测对胃食管反流和胃食管反流性疾病的诊断价值。 方法:采用携带式24h食管pH分析仪对37例具有胃食管反流症状患者作为疾病组在常态下进行24h食管pH监测,并以20名健康成人作为对照组进行比较。 结果:20名正常成人中平均97.7％的时间食管pH>4,观察6项食管pH测定指标,得出95％的正常值范围:pH<4的总时间百分率为4.97％;pH<4的立位时间百分率为3.82％;pH<4的卧位总时间百分率2.34％,反流持续≥5min的次数<2.57;最长反流持续时间<18.62min,pH<4的反流次数为25.69次。疾病组与对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.01),24h食管pH监测的阳性检出率为94.59％,明显高于食管钡餐X线检查(27.02％)、内镜检查(40.54％)及食管粘膜活检(51.35％)等方法。 结论:24h食管pH监测的指标对鉴别生理性与病理性GER,深入了解GER与食管炎的关系,特别对GERD的诊断和疗效判定,提供了可靠的依据。其诊断价值明显优于食管钡餐X线检查和内镜检查。     

幽门螺杆菌感染对胃食管反流病患者食管酸暴露及食管动力的影响

目的分析幽门螺杆菌（helicobacterpylor,Hp）感染胃食管反流病（gastroesophagealrefluxdisease,GERD）患者食管远端酸暴露及食管动力变化特点,探讨Hp感染与GERD的关系。方法GERD患者80例,分为Hp阳性组30例,Hp阴性组50例,同期20例慢性浅表性胃炎患者为对照组,对3组进行食管动力学检测和食管24hpH监测。结果Hp阳性组与Hp阴性组DeMeester评分、食管下括约肌压力、24hpH监测各项指标及食管动力学各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉O．05）;2组DeMeester评分均高于对照组（P〈0．05）,食管下括约肌压力低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论GERD患者食管下括约肌压力较正常人群低,且存在过量酸反流;Hp感染与GERD发生可能无明显关系。     

Clinicodiagnostic significance of gastroesophageal reflux and structural changes in the esophagus and stomach in bronchial asthma

Four hundred patients with bronchial asthma (BA) were questioned. Complex clinical and instrumental examination of 60 patients with BA and endoscopic-positive gastroesophageal reflux disease was carried out; the control groups included 30 patients with BA alone and 30 patients with GERD alone. Clinical symptoms of GERD were revealed in 58% of BA patients; endoscopic-positive GERD was diagnosed in 48.6% of BA patients. The study proved the connection between the degree of respiratory disturbances, on the one hand, and the degree of esophagitis and the level of intraesophageal pH, on the other, in patients with BA plus GERD. The study also established the role of esophageal and gastric epitheliocytes, producing endothelin-1, melatonin, NO-synthase, and calretinin, in the occurrence of mutual exacerbation syndrome.     

A proton pump inhibitor, lansoprazole, ameliorates asthma symptoms in asthmatic patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Aspiration of acid to the airway causes airway inflammation, and acid stress to the airway caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been known as a potential mechanism of deteriorated asthma symptoms. However, the efficacy of the acid suppressive drugs, H(2)-receptor blockers (H(2) blocker) and proton pump inhibitors, on asthma symptoms and pulmonary functions remains controversial. We therefore designed the randomized prospective study to determine the efficacy of an H(2) blocker (roxatidine, 150 mg/day) and a proton pump inhibitor (lansoprazole, 30 mg/day) on asthma symptoms of 30 asthmatic patients with GERD. These patients were divided in the two groups (15 patients for each group) and treated with either roxatidine or lansoprazole. The diagnosis of GERD was established by the method of Los Angeles classification including mucosal minimum change of Grade M and questionnaire for the diagnosis of reflux disease (QUEST) score. The efficacy of acid suppressive drugs was evaluated by peak expiratory flow (PEF), asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) that evaluates the improvement of asthma symptoms, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1.0)). Lansoprazole, but not roxatidine, significantly improved PEF and ACQ scores (p < 0.05) with the improved QUEST scores. However, these acid suppressive drugs did not change the pulmonary function of FEV(1.0) in asthmatic patients. In conclusion, treatment with a proton pump inhibitor, lansoprazole, appears to be useful in improvement of asthma symptoms in asthmatic patients with GERD.     

Test of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease

It should be considered that the causes of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are multifactorial. Esophageal manometry study is useful when we make distinguish patients with esophageal motility disorders from those with refractory GERD. Endoscopic ultrasonography is also performed to observe the thickness of esophageal wall which represents the disturbance of esophageal motor function. Esophageal pH monitoring is useful to detect the acid clearance disturbance and phenomenon of nocturnal acid breakthrough. Both are occurred at night, and are recently considered to be responsible for refractory GERD. Catheter-free pH monitoring system, Bravo, makes it possible to measure esophageal pH under quite physiological conditions. Genotype of CYP2C19 is sometimes checked in patients with PPI resistance GERD. Intra-gastric pH with omeprazole and lansoprazole depends on patient's genotype of CYP2C19. Monitoring of 24-hour bilirubin, Bilitec, is also useful to detect duodeno-gastro-esophageal reflux.     

三种不同检查方法在胃食管反流病诊断中的应用比较

目的：探讨电子胃镜、24 h食管pH值监测及胃食管反流病（GERD）Q评分三种方法在GERD诊断中的临床应用价值。方法：将于2011年4月—2012年6月因烧心、反酸等症状就诊于消化科门诊的120例患者随机分为胃镜组、24 h食管pH值监测组及GERD Q评分组,每组40例,分别接受电子胃镜、24 h食管pH值监测及GERD Q问卷评分,比较分析各种方法对GERD的检出情况。结果：24 h食管pH值监测组40例患者中病理性反流者19例,生理性反流者5例,GERD阳性率显著高于胃镜组及GERD Q评分组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;胃镜组与GERD Q评分组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：24 h食道pH值监测可以对食管内反流情况进行实时、动态监测,为GERD的临床诊断及不同类型的反流治疗方案提供客观、准确的依据。     

Chronic respiratory disease in patients with GERD

The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and chronic respiratory diseases are proved in many report. Patient with GERD have a higher prevalence of asthma, chronic cough, lung fibrosis. Recently, it was reported patients with OSAS had significantly more GER event than controls. Antireflux therapy in asthma and chronic cough patient with GERD results in improvement in symptoms. In this paper, I comments and report about influence of GERD on chronic respiratory illness, and influence of an antireflux therapy for an asthmatic having GERD.     

Pathophysiology of GERD: mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux and prolonged esophageal acid exposure time

GERD is characterized by excessive esophageal acid exposure time. This suggests that either the rate of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is higher and/or that the esophageal acid clearance time is longer. Transient LES relaxation (TLESR) is the single most common mechanism underlying GER in both normal subjects and patients with GERD. Whether or not the rate of TLESRs is higher in patients with GERD remains unclear. It is in the sitting or upright position that acid reflux mainly occurs, however, there seems to be no difference in the rate of TLESRs between both groups. The rate of TLESRs accompanied by acid reflux has been consistently shown to be significantly greater in patients with GERD than in normal subjects. Other mechanisms of reflux in patients with severe GERD are a hypotensive LES and ineffective esophageal motility which is found in severe GERD and which impairs bolus clearance of acid and thus increases acid contact time with the esophageal mucosa.     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in diabetic patients

Esophageal dysfunctions occur frequently in patients with diabetic autonomic neuropathy, and the complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has also been reported. However, the characteristics of the GERD complicated with diabetes are obscure, because no detail assessment was performed. We recorded esophageal motility and acid reflux simultaneously in diabetic patients, and the correlation between esophageal dysfunction and diabetic neuropathy was examined. Esophageal dysfunctions including GERD were significantly related to diabetic motor neuropathy. Although the GERD is frequently complicated with diabetes, the symptoms are not apparent in diabetic patients. Therefore, physicians treating diabetic patients should have GERD in mind regardless of the symptoms. We also examined the effect of aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) on the esophageal dysfunction in diabetic patients. Significant improvement of gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal motility were observed in diabetic patients by ARI treatment. ARI may be useful for the treatment of GERD complicated with diabetes.