道地药材广陈皮的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立新会道地药材广陈皮的HPLC指纹图谱,并比较与不同产地不同品系来源的陈皮药材相似性,为其品质控制提供依据。方法:采用HPLC分析测定26批陈皮样品。色谱柱:Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-1%乙酸水溶液梯度洗脱;分析时间:65 min;检测波长:330 nm;流速:1.0 mL/min。结果:建立了广陈皮的指纹图谱,确定了17个共有峰,道地药材相似度大于0.97,不同品系来源药材的相似度存在较大差异。结论:该指纹图谱检测方法简便、重现性好,可作为广陈皮手药材质量控制的重要方法。     

指纹图谱结合化学计量学评价及鉴别广陈皮与陈皮

目的建立广陈皮指纹图谱,构建广陈皮药材的质量控制模式,探讨利用指纹图谱结合化学计量学手段进行陈皮品种鉴别的可行性。方法采用HPLC建立广陈皮指纹图谱,采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A)对不同批次的广陈皮与陈皮指纹图谱进行相似度计算,对其特征峰面积进行聚类分析及主成分分析。结果建立了具有17个共有峰的HPLC指纹图谱,获得了可以判别其质量的重要数字化信息。以32批广陈皮指纹图谱的共有模式作为广陈皮标准指纹图谱,32批广陈皮及10批陈皮的相似度值分别为0.906~0.999,0.326~0.396。通过聚类分析和主成分分析方法,能明显地将广陈皮与陈皮区分开来。结论本研究通过指纹图谱将广陈皮的特点体现出来,并与陈皮进行很好地区分,体现出品种之间的量化差异,可作为广陈皮质量评价及鉴别广陈皮与陈皮主要依据。     

指纹图谱结合化学计量学评价及鉴别广陈皮与陈皮北大核心CSCD

目的建立广陈皮指纹图谱,构建广陈皮药材的质量控制模式,探讨利用指纹图谱结合化学计量学手段进行陈皮品种鉴别的可行性。方法采用HPLC建立广陈皮指纹图谱,采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A)对不同批次的广陈皮与陈皮指纹图谱进行相似度计算,对其特征峰面积进行聚类分析及主成分分析。结果建立了具有17个共有峰的HPLC指纹图谱,获得了可以判别其质量的重要数字化信息。以32批广陈皮指纹图谱的共有模式作为广陈皮标准指纹图谱,32批广陈皮及10批陈皮的相似度值分别为0.906~0.999,0.326~0.396。通过聚类分析和主成分分析方法,能明显地将广陈皮与陈皮区分开来。结论本研究通过指纹图谱将广陈皮的特点体现出来,并与陈皮进行很好地区分,体现出品种之间的量化差异,可作为广陈皮质量评价及鉴别广陈皮与陈皮主要依据。     

广陈皮HPLC指纹图谱的方法学研究

目的建立广陈皮的HPLC指纹图谱分析色谱条件,拟定广东新会产广陈皮(茶枝柑)指纹特征图谱的共有模式.方法采用Zorbax Esclipe XDB C18色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-2%乙酸(梯度洗脱);检测波长为283 nm;柱温为25℃;流速为1.0 ml/min.结果广陈皮共标示出7个共有峰.13批广陈皮相似度的均值达0.996～1.000.结论方法准确可靠,重复性好,为广陈皮质量控制与鉴定提供了参考.     

夏枯草药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立夏枯草药材的指纹图谱,为夏枯草药材的质量控制提供依据。方法:采用HPLC法,AgilentEclipse XDB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-1.0%醋酸水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长290 nm,柱温30℃,进样10μL。结果:建立了19批夏枯草药材的指纹图谱,有14个共有峰,多数峰可以达到较好分离,具有较高的相似度。结论:建立的HPLC指纹图谱有较好的精密度、重复性和稳定性,可以作为夏枯草质量评价主要依据之一。     

白术饮片HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:为白术饮片的质量控制建立HPLC指纹图谱.方法:采用HPLC法测定了14批来自不同产地和不同批次的白术饮片样品,确立标准指纹图谱.色谱条件:Kromasil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长242 nm;柱温25℃.结果:白术饮片有16个共有峰,多数峰可以达到较好分离,所建立白术饮片指纹图谱的分析方法有较好的重现性.结论:该分析方法具有良好的精密度、重现性和稳定性,各批次间共有峰的相对保留时间的RSD均小于1.1%,共有峰面积符合指纹图谱相关要求.建立的指纹图谱检测标准可以作为白术饮片的质量评价和品种鉴别的主要依据之一.     

白术药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的：建立白术的指纹图谱,为白术药材的质量控制提供依据。方法：采用RP—HPLC法建立白术商品药材及饮片的指纹图谱。色谱柱为Synergi Fursion—RP（250mm×4．6mam,4μm）;流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;流速为0．8mL／min;紫外检测波长240nm;柱温30℃;进样量为201xL。结果：白术药材中有12个共有峰,多数峰可以达到较好的分离。各批次间共有峰的相对保留时间的RSD均小于1％,相对峰面积符合指纹图谱相关要求。结论：所建立的指纹图谱检测方法具有很好的精密度、重现性和稳定性,可以为白术质量评价和品种鉴别提供依据。     

陈皮药材HPLC特征图谱的建立

目的:建立陈皮药材HPLC特征图谱,提高其质量控制水平。方法:采用HPLC法测定,Kromasil 100-5-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈—0.1%甲酸水溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为283 nm;以橙皮苷为参照物,运用国家药典委员会《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)》对测定的17批陈皮药材数据进行处理分析。结果:建立了以8个特征峰为指标成分的陈皮药材HPLC特征图谱,以橙皮苷色谱峰为参照,其他7个特征峰的相对保留时间分别为0.486±0.049、0.898±0.090、1.380±0.138、1.874±0.187、1.996±0.200、2.153±0.215、2.287±0.229。结论:该方法经过方法学验证,可用于陈皮药材的质量控制。     

陈皮药材水提物的HPLC特征指纹图谱研究

目的:研究陈皮药材水提物的HPLC特征指纹图谱。方法:应用HPLC法分离分析陈皮药材水提取物色谱图,以橙皮苷做参照物。结果:对7种不同来源的陈皮药材建立指纹图谱,特征共有峰有9个。结论:所建立的方法用于陈皮药材鉴别,且质量评价准确、可靠。     

野菊花药材HPLC指纹图谱

目的:建立野菊花药材的指纹图谱,为野菊花药材的质量控制提供依据。方法:采用HPLC,Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-1.0%醋酸水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长290 nm,柱温30℃,进样10μL。结果:建立了16批野菊花药材的指纹图谱,选择11个野菊花样品作为标准药材,标准药材有16个共有峰,多数峰可以达到较好分离,具有较高的相似度。结论:建立的高效液相指纹图谱有较好的精密度、重复性和稳定性,可作为野菊花质量评价参考。     

Citrus limetta leaves extract antagonizes the hypertensive effect of angiotensin II

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Citrus limetta Risso (Rutaceae) is widely used in Mexico for healing purposes, among them as antihypertensive treatment.

Aim of the study

To assess the antihypertensive effect of C. limetta leaves as one of its ethnomedical uses.

Materials and methods

The acute response of blood pressure to angiotensin II administration was measured in mice. Additionally, the acute oral toxicity profiles were determined.

Results

The findings of the current investigation showed that different concentrations of the aqueous extract prevented the raise of systolic blood pressure (p ≤ 0.001 vs. vehicle), diastolic blood pressure (p ≤ 0.0002 vs. vehicle) and mean blood pressure (p ≤ 0.0000 vs. vehicle); with a dose dependent effect for diastolic pressures at 125–500 mg/kg dosages. The 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses inhibited the action of Ang II in similar extent to telmisartan. Toxic signs or deaths were not observed in mice treated at 2000 mg/kg of C. limetta extract.

Conclusions

All doses of C. limetta aqueous extract, used in this assay, were safe and effective.     

Decoctions from Citrus reticulata Blanco seeds protect the uroepithelium against Escherichia coli invasion

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Traditional usage suggests Citrus reticulata Blanco seeds have beneficial effects against infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Citrus reticulata on the uroepithelium and to determine the mechanisms responsible for protection against urinary tract infection (UTI).

Materials and methods

Human bladder cell lines T24 and 5637 were employed in a cell culture infection model to determine the effects of Citrus reticulata treatment on Escherichia coli adherence and invasion of the uroepithelium. β1 integrin and caveolin-1 mRNA expression was assessed using RT real-time PCR. β1 integrin protein expression was confirmed by Western Blot. The effect of Citrus reticulata on bacteria was investigated using antibacterial sensitivity, yeast agglutination and biofilm assays.

Results

Citrus reticulata treatment decreased β1 integrin expression and reduced bacterial invasion while adhesion of uroepithelial cells was not affected. Caveolin-1 expression was not influenced either and Citrus reticulata did neither exhibit any direct antimicrobial effect nor interfered with type 1 fimbriae binding.

Conclusions

Our results show that Citrus reticulata has a protective effect on the uroepithelium as seen by reduced bacterial invasion of uroepithelial cells. These properties suggest that seeds from Citrus reticulata may have therapeutic potential in preventing UTI.     

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS分析橘核盐制前后成分差异

采用超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)技术对橘核及其盐制品的成分进行分析,并比较盐制前后成分变化。通过主成分分析法和正交偏最小二乘判别法分析橘核盐制前后指纹图谱的差异,盐制品中圣草枸橼苷、柠檬苦素、诺米林、黄柏酮含量升高,发现潜在的化学标记物,鉴定为柠檬苦素、黄柏酮、诺米林,可作为区分生品与炮制品的指标成分。     

正交试验优选枳实中辛弗林提取工艺

目的:研究枳实中辛弗林的最佳提取工艺。方法:以辛弗林的转移率为指标,考察了不同提取溶剂和提取方式对辛弗林提取率的影响,在此基础上采用正交试验设计,考察了加水量、煎煮温度、煎煮时间3个因素对辛弗林提取率的影响。结果:加水回流提取辛弗林的提取率较高,确定枳实的最佳提取工艺为:回流提取3次,提取1 h,加水依次为12,10,10倍量。结论:工艺条件简单,稳定,可行,辛弗林提取率高,为改进枳实的提取工艺提供了依据。     

中药枳壳中一个新的色原烷苷衍生物

目的:研究中药枳壳Citrus aurantium甲醇提取物的化学成分.方法:中药枳壳甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位经硅胶、RP-18和HPLC等色谱技术分离纯化,根据理化常数和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构.结果:从中药枳壳中分离得到3个化合物,分别鉴定为citrauranoside(1),limonexin(2),柠檬苦素(3).结论:化合物1为一个新的色原烷苷衍生物.     

黄芩苷对非白念珠菌生物膜抑制作用的研究

目的:研究黄芩苷对光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、季也蒙念珠菌等非白念珠菌生物膜的影响.方法:96孔微量培养板上构建4种非白念珠菌生物膜;微量稀释法检测黄芩苷对4种非白念珠菌最低抑菌浓度(MIC);XTT减低法评价黄芩苷对4种非白念珠菌生物膜SMIC及菌细胞黏附性的影响.结果:4种非白念珠菌在96孔板中可形成成熟的生物膜;黄芩苷对4种非白念珠菌MIC分别是125,250,125,62.5 mg·L~(-1);黄芩苷对4种非白念珠菌生物膜的SMIC50分别是＞1 000,500,125,250 mg·L~(-1);SMIC80均大于或等于1 000 mg·L~(-1).黄芩苷对4种非白念珠菌的黏附有一定的抑制效应.结论:黄芩苷对近平滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、季也蒙念珠菌生物膜有较强的抑制作用.     

不同发酵时间对樟帮枳壳饮片质量的影响

目的:探讨不同发酵时间对樟帮枳壳饮片质量的影响.方法:以不同发酵时间樟帮枳壳饮片为研究对象,用照相机和Adobe Photoshop软件获取各饮片色泽的基本信息,采用HPLC测定饮片中柚皮苷和新橙皮苷的含量,SPSS 13.0统计软件对饮片色泽信息和有效成分的关系进行分析.结果:色度差和有效成分存在显著相关性.结论:色度差可作为不同发酵时间樟帮枳壳饮片质量评判标准的指标之一.     

追风伞中黄酮类成分的研究

目的:对追风伞中的黄酮类成分进行分离、鉴定。方法:追风伞干燥全草用95%乙醇溶液加热回流提取,减压回收乙醇,浓缩液依次用石油醚、氯仿萃取后,水层部分利用大孔吸附树脂、硅胶柱色谱、反相Rp-18柱色谱及重结晶等方法进行分离及纯化,并通过1H-NMR,13C-NMR,EI-MS及理化常数对分离化合物进行结构鉴定。结果:从追风伞提取物中分离鉴定9个黄酮类化合物,分别为:木犀草素(1),木犀草素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2),刺槐素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3),芦丁(4),刺槐素(5),槲皮素(6),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8),异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)。结论:所得化合物均为首次从追风伞中分离鉴定。     

Substantiation of the ethnopharmacological use of Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E.H.Walker in the treatment of malaria through in-vivo evaluation in Plasmodium berghei infected mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Scientific validation of ethnopharmacologically used plants and their utilization for therapeutic interventions can be a source of affordable treatment especially for neglected diseases in endemic areas. Conyza sumatrensis is a plant which finds its use in treating malaria like fevers but lacks proper scientific validation. Our study has tried to address this gap by authenticating its traditional use for the treatment of malaria.

Aim of the study

Evaluate the antimalarial activity of extracts derived from Conyza sumatrensis for its ethnopharmacological validation.

Materials and methods

Shade dried leaves were extracted with varying concentrations of ethanol and concentrated for bio-evaluation. Swiss albino mice infected with 1×10⁶ parasitized red blood cells, were orally administered with test extracts for 7 days in two sets of experiments. The first set was used to evaluate alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts while the second set was used to evaluate the dose response of alcoholic extract ranging from 500–1600 mg/kg. Mean survival time, parasitaemia and haemoglobin levels were considered to interpret the antimalarial potential. Phytochemical analysis for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids tannins, total phenolics, riboflavin and thiamine was also carried out.

Results

Among the three extracts administered at 1000 mg/kg, chemo suppression was significantly (p<0.001) observed in the alcoholic extract (62.59±12.52%) followed by hydroalcoholic (41.81±19.04%, p<0.01) and aqueous (32.04±19.04%, P<0.05) indicating that the active constituents leach out in ethanol. The dose response study involving the ethanol extract concluded the optimum dose to be 1000 mg/kg, as also evidenced by the haemoglobin levels.

Conclusion

The plant exhibits moderate antimalarial activity which can be further prospected for active fractions or pure molecules for adjunctive therapy.     

厚朴与凹叶厚朴群体遗传学研究

目的:对厚朴与凹叶厚朴的群体遗传学进行研究,为中药厚朴的质量控制提供分子生药学方面的依据。方法:对厚朴与凹叶厚朴15个居群应用2个叶绿体基因间序列psbA-trnH和trnL-trnF进行PCR扩增并测序,计算厚朴与凹叶厚朴单倍型频率,用程序HaploNst分析遗传多样性和遗传结构,应用TCS version 1.13软件构建单倍型网状进化树。结果:厚朴与凹叶厚朴均无特有单倍型存在,但单倍型频率存在显著差异,已开始出现遗传分化的趋势,NST略大于GST。结论:厚朴与凹叶厚朴在遗传上已出现遗传分化的趋势,但尚未完全分化成彼此独立的单系。