首次发作抑郁症患者血清性激素水平研究

目的:探讨性激素(睾酮、雌二醇、孕酮)对首次发作抑郁症患者的药物治疗疗效的影响。方法:对93例住院抑郁症患者给予5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)治疗4周,分别于治疗前后检测血清性激素。按治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD,17)减分率分为痊愈组(减分率≥75%)和未愈组(减分率<75%),分析两组性激素水平。结果:男性患者中,治疗后睾酮及雌二醇水平均比治疗前有显著提高,孕酮水平较治疗前有明显降低,痊愈组治疗后睾酮及雌二醇水平均高于未愈组,孕酮的差异无显著性,睾酮及雌二醇增加率与HAMD减分率存在显著正相关,而孕酮的减少率则与HAMD无显著相关。女性患者中,治疗前后及两组间睾酮水平的差异无显著性,治疗后雌二醇有显著性增高,但痊愈组与未愈组治疗前后差异无显著性,雌二醇的增加率与HAMD减分率之间未发现显著相关;同时治疗后孕酮显著降低,且治疗后两组间孕酮水平差异显著,孕酮的减少率与HAMD减分率之间存在显著正相关。结论:血清睾酮、雌二醇水平的升高对首次发病的男性抑郁症患者药物疗效有影响,而女性患者的治疗效果与孕酮降低程度有关。     

抑郁症患者治疗前后性激素水平的变化及与临床特征的关系

目的　探讨抑郁症患者治疗前后性激素水平的变化及其与临床特征的关系。方法　用酶联免疫吸附法测定 30例抑郁症患者治疗前、后血清雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮水平 ,并与 30名正常对照比较 ,同时作相关分析。结果　男性和女性抑郁症患者血清雌二醇水平均显著低于正常对照 (t=- 4 2 4 5 ,P <0 0 1;t =- 4 342 ,P <0 0 1) ,雌二醇水平与HAMD分和HAMA分呈负相关 (r =- 0 5 0 4 ,P <0 0 1;r =- 0 389,P <0 0 5 )。男性患者的睾酮水平显著低于正常对照 (t=- 2 319,P <0 0 5 ) ,而女性患者的睾酮水平与正常对照无显著差异 (t=0 5 6 9,P >0 0 5 )。抑郁症患者的孕酮水平无显著变化 (P >0 0 5 )。帕罗西汀治疗后 ,雌二醇水平显著升高 (t =- 4 335 ,P <0 0 1;t =- 4 0 14 ,P <0 0 1) ,但仍低于正常对照 (t=- 2 4 99,P <0 0 5 ;t=- 2 4 4 6 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,男性患者的睾酮水平恢复正常 ,孕酮水平及女性患者的睾酮水平治疗前后无显著变化 (P >0 0 5 )。治疗有效者比疗效不佳者的雌二醇水平显著增高 (t=4 12 7,P <0 0 1)。结论　抑郁症患者存在性激素水平改变 ,治疗后性激素水平仍未完全恢复正常 ,患者病前雌二醇水平与HAMD和HAMA分呈负相关 ,与抗抑郁疗效呈正相关。     

帕罗西汀对首发抑郁症患者治疗前后性激素水平 变化及与疗效的关系

目的 探索抑郁症患者性激素水平和治疗后的变化与治疗效果的关系.方法 收集抑郁症患者60例作为观察组,健康体检的志愿者60例作为对照组,检测患者治疗前后的血清雌二醇、孕酮及睾酮的水平,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)对抑郁患者进行评分,分析抑郁程度与性激素水平之间的相关性.结果 治疗前观察组男性和女性的血清雌二醇水平均低于对照组,男性的孕酮及睾酮水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),女性的孕酮和睾酮水平与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后男性和女性患者的血清雌二醇水平高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性患者的睾酮水平高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而男性和女性患者孕酮水平及女性患者的睾酮水平与治疗前的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后观察组男性和女性患者的孕酮及睾酮水平与对照组之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组女性患者的血清雌二醇水平与对照组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组男性患者血清雌二醇水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HAMD减分率与血清雌二醇水平之间呈正相关(r=0.561,P=0.007);而与血清孕酮及睾酮之间无相关性(P>0.05).结论 抑郁症患者血清雌二醇与抑郁症之间呈负相关,睾酮水平的变化可能仅是男性抑郁症患者的一个危险因素.     

男性脑梗塞患者性激素变化动态观察

测定１２例男性脑梗塞患者入院第２天、８天和第１５～３０天血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、睾酮（Ｔ）及Ｅ２／Ｔ比值，以健康人为对照组，动态观察性激素的变化规律。结果：（１）脑梗塞组入院后第２天、８天、１５～３０天Ｅ２、Ｔ和Ｅ２／Ｔ比值差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（２）脑梗塞组入院后第２天、８天、１５～３０天Ｅ２、Ｔ和Ｅ２／Ｔ比值较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），入院第２天Ｔ水平与健康对照组差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），第８天，１５～３０天时差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示血清Ｅ２增高参与了脑梗塞形成过程，Ｅ２／Ｔ比值增高可能是男性脑梗塞患者的易患因素     

多发性硬化患者血清性激素水平变化及其意义

目的:探讨多发性硬化(MS)患者血清性激素(E2,TSTO)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法:采用放射免疫法对31例活动期MS患者、22例缓解期MS患者和40例健康对照者的血清性激素水平进行检测。结果:活动期MS患者血清雌二醇(E2)水平显著高于缓解期MS患者和对照组(P<0.01),而睾酮(TST0)水平明显降低(P<0.01);经过糖皮质激素治疗后活动期MS患者血清E2水平明显升高(P<0.01),TST0水平降低(P<0.01),且血清性激素水平变化与疗效相关。结论:活动期MS患者血清性激素水平紊乱。雌激素水平升高可能与MS的活动性相关,适当的雄激素替代治疗可能对MS有益。     

阿尔茨海默病患者的性激素水平研究

目的分析阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)患者血清性激素水平的改变,探讨性激素与AD发生的相关性,以及与AD患者的简易智能状态检查(MMSE)分值、病程关系的研究。方法采用1:1病例配对方法,对AD组与对照组进行MMSE检查,并用放射免疫法测定血清性激素水平。结果AD组雌二醇(E2)明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05),女性AD组E2明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05),男性AD组睾酮(T)明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。AD组E2水平、男性AD组T水平与MMSE分值无明显相关性(P>0.05)。AD组E2水平与病程呈负相关,P<0.05。结论E2下降可能是AD发生的危险因素之一,特别是女性AD的高危因素。病程越长,E2水平越低。睾酮下降可能是男性AD发生的危险因素之一。     

男性痴呆患者血清性激素的变化

目的:观察阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VD)男性患者血清性激素及促性腺激素的变化。方法:老年男性共114人,其中AD 3 2例;VD 3 0例;无痴呆正常老年人5 2名。采用化学发光法测定血中黄体生成素(LH )、促卵泡成熟素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2 )、催乳素(PRL)、睾酮(T)的含量,并计算E2 /T的比值。结果:AD组及VD组患者血清T水平较正常对照组低,差别有显著意义(P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。VD组患者血清E2 /T较正常对照组显著升高;也较AD组明显升高(P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 )。AD、VD组患者血清E2 、LH、FSH、PRL与正常对照组比较,差别均无显著意义(P >0 .0 5 )。结论:老年男性AD及VD患者血清T水平降低。     

精神疾病患者血清性激素研究

对初次发病的精神分裂症及情感性精神障碍患者血清中睾酮 (Ｔ)和雌二醇 (Ｅ2 )水平进行测定 ,并观察治疗前后的变化 ,以期了解精神疾病与内分泌功能变化关系。1　对象和方法患者按中国精神障碍分类方案与诊断标准第 2版修订本诊断标准确诊为精神分裂症初发患者 31例 ,男 5例 ,女 2 6例 ;情感性精神障碍患者 9例 ,男 5例 ,女 4例 ;平均年龄(2 8 4± 11 3)岁。对照组为本院健康体检职工 2 5例 ,男 10例 ,女 15例 ;平均年龄 (2 8 4± 9 6 )岁。患者第 1次留取标本时间均在未服任何抗精神病药时。对照组与患者组近期未服激素类及影响内分泌功能…     

卒中后抑郁症的中西医临床研究进展

卒中后抑郁症（post-stroke depression,PSD）是卒中的常见并发症之一,可以影响卒中患者主动康复训练的积极性,延缓恢复过程,不利于患者的愈后以及生存质量的改善。本文综述了近年来中、西医治疗PSD的临床研究进展,旨在探讨中西医结合治疗PSD的疗效、机制及其未来发展方向,并对此做一展望。     

精神分裂症患者血清性激素水平及其与临床特征的相关性

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者血清性激素水平变化及其与精神症状、认知功能的相关性。方法:检测84例精神分裂症患者(病例组)治疗前后血清泌乳素(PRL)、睾酮(T)及雌二醇(E2)水平,并与42例非精神分裂症患者(对照组)比较;分析病例组血清性激素水平与阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分、数字符号测验、数字广度、语义流畅性测验评分的相关性。结果:病例组治疗前后血清PRL、T水平明显高于对照组(P均0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后血清PRL明显升高、T明显降低(P均0.05)。女性病例组治疗前后血清E2浓水平明显低于对照组(P均0.05)。病例组血清PRL、T及E2水平与PANSS总分、及各认知功能测验评分无相关(P均0.05),血清T水平与PANSS中兴奋性、冲动控制障碍评分呈正相关(r=0.26,r=0.33;P均0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者血清性激素水平异常,但与其病情和认知功能改变不相关;但血清T水平可能适用于其临床兴奋、冲动的风险评估。     

脑卒中后抑郁的研究进展

脑卒中患者除偏瘫外,还出现不同程度的认知和语言功能障碍,并产生一系列情感行为的变化,其中抑郁是脑卒中后常见的心理障碍,称之为脑卒中后抑郁（Post—stroke depression,PSD）。PSD不仅影响患者的生存质量,也妨碍其神经功能的恢复,不仅给患者带来躯体上和精神上痛苦,而且增加了家庭和社会的负担。为此,越来越多的学者意识到PSD的早期诊断和积极干预的重要性。本文对PSD方面的研究进展作一综述。     

脑卒中后焦虑抑郁共病研究进展

脑卒中患者除偏瘫外,还可出现一系列情感行为的变化,其中抑郁和焦虑是脑卒中后常见的心理障碍.有研究表明只有39.5%的情感障碍和59.3%的焦虑障碍是以单独的形式出现的,而焦虑抑郁共病（comorbid anxiety and depression,CAD）则是最常见的共病模式[1].这种情绪变化不仅影响患者的生存质量,也妨碍其神经功能的恢复,不仅给患者带来躯体上和精神上痛苦,而且增加了家庭和社会的负担,为此,越来越多的学者意识到脑卒中后抑郁焦虑共病早期诊断和积极干预的重要性.现将脑卒中后焦虑抑郁共病的研究情况作一介绍.     

Altered functional connectivity density and couplings in postpartum depression with and without anxiety

Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common psychological health issue among women, which often comorbids with anxiety (PPD-A). PPD and PPD-A showed highly overlapping clinical symptoms. Identifying disorder-specific neurophysiological markers of PDD and PPD-A is important for better clinical diagnosis and treatments. Here, we performed functional connectivity density (FCD) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analyses in 138 participants (45 unmedicated patients with first-episode PPD, 31 PDD-A patients and 62 healthy postnatal women, respectively). FCD mapping revealed specifically weaker long-range FCD in right lingual gyrus (LG.R) for PPD patients and significantly stronger long-range FCD in left ventral striatum (VS.L) for PPD-A patients. The follow-up rsFC analyses further revealed reduced functional connectivity between dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and VS.L in both PPD and PPD-A. PPD showed specific changes of rsFC between LG.R and dmPFC, right angular gyrus and left precentral gyrus, while PPD-A represented specifically abnormal rsFC between VS.L and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Moreover, the altered FCD and rsFC were closely associated with depression and anxiety symptoms load. Taken together, our study is the first to identify common and disorder-specific neural circuit disruptions in PPD and PPD-A, which may facilitate more effective diagnosis and treatments.     

The relationship between childhood sexual/physical abuse and sexual dysfunction in patients with social anxiety disorder

Background: Childhood traumatic events are known as developmental factors for various psychiatric disorders.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of childhood sexual and physical abuse (CSA/CPA), and co-morbid depression on sexual functions in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD).

Method: Data obtained from 113 SAD patients was analysed. Childhood traumatic experiences were evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale was used for the evaluation of the sexual functions. The data from interviews performed with SCID-I were used for determination of Axis I diagnosis. The Beck Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Scale and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale were administered to each patient.

Results: History of childhood physical abuse (CPA) was present in 45.1% of the SAD patients, and 14.2% had a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Depression co-diagnosis was present in 30.1% of SAD patients and 36.3% had sexual dysfunction. History of CSA and depression co-diagnosis were determined as two strong predictors in SAD patients (odds ratio (OR) for CSA, 7.83; 95% CI, 1.97–31.11; p = 0.003 and OR for depression, 3.66; 95% CI, 1.47–9.13; p = 0.005).

Conclusions: CSA and depression should be considered and questioned as an important factor for SAD patients who suffer from sexual dysfunction.     

Help-seeking behaviour in patients with anxiety disorder and depression

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate help-seeking behaviour among persons with anxiety disorder and depression based on self-rating in a Norwegian population (the HUNT study). METHOD: Of the 92 100 inhabitants aged 20-89 years invited, 65 648 (71.3%) took part. Among them 60 869 (66.1%) persons delivered valid ratings on hospital anxiety and depression scale, and had answered the requested help for mental problems question. RESULTS: Among HUNT attenders 13% of those with depression and 25% with anxiety disorders had been help seekers. Help seeking was only non-significantly associated with demographic or other variables. CONCLUSION: Most persons with anxiety disorder and/or depression in the population had not sought help for their mental disorders, but the disparity between use and need of health service must not be overassessed. Improvement of the help-seeking rate for common mental disorder should have high priority in mental health politics.     

性激素、催乳素与产后抑郁的相关研究

目的：本研究主要探讨产后雌二醇（Ｅ２）、催乳素（ＰＲＬ）变化和产后抑郁症状间的关系。方法：对３８名产妇在产程开始前和产后第７２小时分别抽取血标本,使用放射免疫法检测产后Ｅ２、Ｐ和ＰＲＬ的数量变化,同时用Ｅｄｉｎｇｂｕｒｇｈ产后抑郁量表（ＥＰＤＳ）、Ｂｅｓｋ抑郁量表（ＢＤＩ）、一般健康问卷（ＧＨＱ）对产妇在产后第３天和产后第４２天进行评定。结果：产后第３天ＥＰＤＳ和ＢＤＩ量表分值显著高于产后第４２天,产后Ｅ２变化与ＥＰＤＳ、ＢＤＩ量表分呈显著负相关,产后Ｐ变化和产后第４２天ＧＨＱ量表分呈显著正相关,ＰＲＬ变化和产后情绪状况无明显关系。结论：产后内分泌激素变化可能是产后抑郁的病因之一。     

Assessment of anxiety and depression after lower limb amputation in Jordanian patients

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among Jordanian lower limb amputees with different clinical characteristics and sociodemographic data (gender, marital status, social support, income, type and level of amputation, and occupation). METHODS: Participants were 56 patients with unilateral lower limb amputation with mean duration (8.4 +/- 5.75 years). They were recruited from inpatient and outpatient clinics of Jordan University hospital, Royal Farah Rehabilitation Center, and Al-basheer hospital in Amman, Jordan. Participants responded to a questionnaire that included a battery of questions requesting brief information about sociodemographic variables and characteristics of amputation. The level of depression and anxiety in each participating patient was assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 37% and 20%, respectively. Factors associated with high prevalence of psychological symptoms included female gender, lack of social support, unemployment, traumatic amputation, shorter time since amputation, and amputation below the knee. These findings were confirmed by a significant reduction of anxiety and depression scores in patients who received social support, patients with amputation due to disease, and patients with amputation above the knee. Presence of pain and use of prosthesis had no effect on the prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study highlight the high incidence of psychiatric disability and depression in amputees; it also showed the importance of sociodemographic factors in psychological adjustment to amputation. It is suggested that psychiatric evaluation and adequate rehabilitation should form a part of their overall management.     

抑郁症、焦虑症患者事件相关电位对照研究

目的:探讨抑郁症、焦虑症患者脑诱发电位的变异特点及临床应用价值.方法:共有46例抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)、41例焦虑症患者(焦虑症组)及42名健康志愿者(正常组),使用美国Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪进行事件相关电位P300(P300)和关联性负变化(CNV)的检测.并于治疗2个月时对两患者组进行相同项目的随访.结果:与治疗前比较,抑郁症组P300靶N2、P3潜伏期缩短(P＜0.05),靶P3波幅升高(P＜0.01),CNV潜伏期M1缩短(P＜0.01),波幅M1、M2升高(P均＜0.05).焦虑症组P300靶P3潜伏期缩短(P＜0.05),CNV波幅M1下降(P＜0.05),指令信号后负变化(PINV)的出现率下降(P＜0.05).治疗后与正常组比较,抑郁症组P300非靶P2波幅偏低(P＜0.01),P300的双峰P2波和CNV的PINV出现率均偏高(P＜0.05～0.01);焦虑症组CNV的潜伏期M2缩短(P＜0.01).抑郁症组与焦虑症组治疗后比较在P300非靶P2波幅、双峰P2波出现率,CNV潜伏期M2和PINV出现率等指标之间差异有显著性(P均＜0.01).结论:抑郁症、焦虑症患者脑诱发电位有自己的变异特点,在诊断和鉴别诊断方面有一定的价值.