表皮生长因子治疗吸入性损伤大鼠的实验研究

目的观察不同剂量表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor,EGF）对烟雾吸入性损伤大鼠的治疗作用。方法将30只大鼠随机分为对照组、NS组、低剂量组（100μg/kg）、中剂量组（150μg/kg）和高剂量组（200μg/kg）共计5组,气管内分别滴入生理盐水和不同浓度EGF（50μg/ml、75μg/ml、100μg/ml）2ml/kg,12h后腹腔注射BrdU（100mg/kg）,观察吸入性损伤大鼠致伤后72h的血气分析、肺系数、大体及病理观察,支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞、上皮细胞分类计数和蛋白浓度等指标,观察EGF的治疗作用;并进行BrdU免疫组化染色,观察EGF对气道上皮细胞的增殖作用。结果随EGF剂量增加,PH呈上升趋势,PaO2呈上升趋势,PaCO2呈下降趋势,趋近正常;与NS组相比,低、中、高剂量组肺系数和BALF中蛋白浓度指标随EGF剂量的增加呈下降趋势,其中中、高剂量组肺系数[（0.445±0.054）,（0.403±0.029）]和蛋白浓度[（25.911±18.694）,（18.836±15.678）]下降明显;支气管肺泡灌洗液中：治疗组与NS组相比细胞总数、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞均明显降低;红细胞、上皮细胞在中、高剂量组中明显降低;低、中、高剂量组肺上皮细胞标记指数随剂量增加呈上升趋势,其中高剂量组（6.891±1.005）与NS组和低剂量组相比差异统计学意义。结论外源性EGF可清除肺水肿,抑制气道炎症,促进损伤上皮的增殖和修复,恢复上皮形态和功能的完整性,且随着剂量的增加效果更为明显。     

低分子肝素联合表皮细胞生长因子对吸入性损伤大鼠肺治疗效果的研究

目的探讨低分子肝素（LMWH）联合表皮细胞生长因子（EGF）对吸入性损伤后大鼠肺水清除及怖功能恢复的治疗作用。方法将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为4组：正常对照组、致伤埘照绀、EGF组和EGF联合LMWH组。正常对照组不做致伤处理,气管内滴入生理盐水,其余3组致伤后分别于气管内滴注生理盐水、EGF液、EGF和LMWH混合液。各组大鼠气管内淌入的液体总量均为2ml／kg。各组大鼠分别于致伤72h后取右肺做肺组织干湿比,左肺做组织病删切片和Brdu免疫组化观察肺卜皮细胞的增生情况。结果显微镜下观察,正常对照绀大鼠忡组织结卡句正常。敛伤对照组肺泡壁破坏严重,肺泡腔内可见大量粒细胞聚集,肺含水芾升高。EGF组和EGF联合LMWH组的上述病埋变化较轻,Brdu标记的肺上皮细胞数增多,忡禽水量降低。与EGF组相比,EGF联合LMWH组肺泡壁较完整,有较多增生的肺上皮细胞（P〈0．05）,且肺含水量下降（P〈0．05）。结论LMWH与EGF联合气管内给药可以减轻吸入性损伤后引起的肺水肿,促进肺上皮细胞增牛,有利于伤后肺功能的恢复。     

人表皮生长因子基因修饰细胞在创面修复中作用的研究进展

人表皮生长因子（hEGF）是人体中一种重要自分泌／旁分泌的生长因子,在创面修复过程中发挥着重要作用,然而局部应用hEGF修复创面存在诸多技术难题。基因修饰细胞技术的出现为创面局部应用hEGF提供了新的策略。本文对hEGF及其基因修饰的细胞在创面修复等领域的研究成果进行综述。     

重组人表皮生长因子对大鼠皮肤烧伤愈合的促进作用

目的:观察局部应用重组人表皮生长因子(recombined human epidermal growth factor,rhEGF)对大鼠皮肤深Ⅱ度烧伤有无促进作用.方法:建立约10%的大鼠烧伤面积,测定给不同剂量的rhEGF治疗后不同时间的烫伤创面愈合面积,创面组织病理组织学以及测定愈合时间来观察rhEGF对皮肤创伤的治疗作用.结果: rhEGF小、中、大剂量(每cm2创面200 IU,400 IU,800 IU)可以缩短大鼠皮肤深Ⅱ度烧伤愈合的时间,同一时间内烧伤愈合面积高于对照组,同时还可以增加表皮细胞和毛细血管的增生,三个剂量之间未见明显的量效反应.结论:局部应用rhEGF可以促进大鼠皮肤烧伤愈合.     

细胞生长因子修复骨骼肌损伤

BACKGROUND: A variety of cell growth factors are involved in skeletal muscle regeneration; moreover, these factors cooperate with each other to promote muscle repair and regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To explore the synergy mechanism of a variety of cell growth factors in promoting damage repair. METHODS: By using literature survey, Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed databases were searched for articles related to exercise-induced muscle damage and repair using the keywords of “cell growth factor; skeletal muscle damage;   repair; fibroblast growth factor” in Chinese and English, respectively. Research achievements related to exercise-induced muscle damage, molecular biological characteristics of cell growth factors and skeletal muscle injury repair are discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Basic fibroblast growth factor plays a basic biological role to promote cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which is the strongest cytokine known to promote cell growth and reflects a very important role in skeletal muscle repair. Epidermal growth factor is synthesized by monocytes and ectodermal cells, which is prominent to stimulate the division and proliferation of a variety of tissues and cells, enhance cell movement, division and synthesis of interstitial protein. Insulin-like growth factors are a family of insulin-like growth factor 1-related and insulin-like growth factor 2-related peptides, which can promote muscle protein synthesis, promote muscle cell proliferation and differentiation, and participate in skeletal muscle regeneration and repair, thereby accelerating wound healing of the muscles. Neurotrophic factor is a kind of trace soluble substances around sensory neurons and produced by neuron-targeted cells, which can specifically promote neuronal growth and maintenance, and promote skeletal muscle repair. But studies on the synergy mechanism of a variety of cell growth factors in the repair of exercise-induced muscle damage are just at the initial stage, and further research is necessary.       

吸入性损伤患者气管切开指征的探讨

目的 气管切开术是挽救合并吸入性损伤的重度烧伤病人的重要和关键方法，本文试图寻找到进行这种手术的最佳时机。方法 观察了本院从1996年1月至2006年12月间收治的153例吸入性损伤病人。就气管切开的指征进行了总结，以便提高吸入性损伤的抢救成功率。结果 正确掌握吸人性损伤气管切开的指征，及时进行气管切开术会提高吸入性损伤患者生存率，对于危重烧伤患者的救治有重要意义。结论 选择最佳的气管切开术实施的时间对挽救大多数烧伤病人至关重要。     

吸入性损伤患者血浆内皮素-1测定的意义

研究吸入性损伤患者血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)水平变化, 探讨ET-1变化对吸入性损伤的意义. 对16例吸入性损伤的烧伤患者和15例无吸入性损伤的烧伤患者, 分别在伤后1、7、15天, 用RIA法测定血浆ET-1.吸入性损伤的烧伤患者的血浆ET-1明显高于无吸入性损伤的烧伤患者, 并与吸入性损伤的严重程度有关. 本文研究提示血浆ET-1的水平对吸入性损伤有诊断意义. 为利用ET-1拮抗剂或ET-1单克隆抗体治疗吸入性损伤提供了依据.     

含重组人表皮细胞生长因子面膜促进面部深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的临床观察

目的观察和比较含重组人表皮生长因子（rhEGF）的面膜与普通面膜及暴露疗法对面部深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的治疗效果。方法选择面部深Ⅱ度烧伤创面患者87例,分为暴露组（A组）、单纯面膜组（B组）、含rhEGF面膜组（C组）。A组创面用磺胺嘧啶银（SD—Ag）冷霜直接外涂后暴露,B组覆盖SD-Ag冷霜面膜,C组覆盖含rhEGF的SD-Ag冷霜面膜。观察3组创面坏死组织清除情况、换药时疼痛程度、分泌物细菌检出率、愈合时间。结果A组愈合时间为（18±4）d,B组淑（14±4）d,两者比较差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）,B组创面愈合时间较A组平均缩短3—6d;C组创面愈合时间为（12±3）d,与B组比较亦有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。A组细菌检出率明显高于B组。结论处理面部深Ⅱ度烧伤创面时,应用含rhEGF的SD—Ag冷霜面膜可以解决药物黏附不易清除的难题,能有效清除坏死组织及分泌物,减少创面感染及毒素吸收,减轻换药疼痛,换药更简便,同时又能加快创面愈合。     

外用重组人表皮生长因子凝胶治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面的临床观察

目的观察重组人表皮生长因子在促进浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合中的疗效。方法将32例四肢浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者64个烧伤部位随机分成两组,对照组32个部位应用凡士林油纱换药方法治疗,治疗组32个部位在凡士林油纱的基础上加用重组人表皮生长因子治疗,观察比较创面的愈合时间。结果治疗组较对照组创面愈合时间缩短：治疗组（8.4±1.2）d,对照组（11.6±1.8）d,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论局部外用重组人表皮生长因子治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤能加速创面愈合。     

含表皮生长因子创面敷料的研究进展

综述了含表皮生长因子(EGF)创面敷料的研究进展。     

藻酸盐敷料与mEGF联合应用促进难愈性创面表皮干细胞增殖

目的： 探讨联合应用藻酸盐敷料（alginate dressing）与冻干鼠表皮生长因子（mEGF）对难愈性创面表皮干细胞（ESCs）增殖分化的影响，评价其疗效。方法: 采用前瞻性、随机、对照设计。选择经常规换药抗炎治疗1个月仍未愈合创面18例。随机分成3组：藻酸盐凝胶与mEGF联合治疗组（A组）、mEGF治疗组（B组）、常规治疗组（C组），每组6例。治疗后7、14、21、28 d评价其创面愈合指数，7 d和14 d时取组织活检做常规病理学观察，免疫组织化学SP法评定角蛋白10（CK10）和角蛋白15（CK15）表达阳性细胞数目。结果: A组和B组均能明显促进创面愈合，其中以A组疗效更加突出（P＜0.05）;A组创面修复细胞增殖明显，表皮增厚，上皮化活跃，B组虽也有类似改变但不如A组显著;A组和B组ESCs明显增多，增大，分层。上皮脚增多，呈多角状，以A组尤其明显，C组无明显变化。结论: 藻酸盐凝胶与mEGF联合应用治疗难愈性创面，能更好地促进ESCs的增殖分化，较单用mEGF疗效更佳。     

The source of urinary epidermal growth factor in humans

Summary To clarify the source of human urine EGF, we studied EGF renal clearance in 20 healthy, young adult subjects. Immunoreactive EGF was measured hourly in EDTA plasma, heparin plasma, serum and urine of 12 males and 8 females during a 3 h study period. Plasma and urine creatinine and creatinine clearance were measured and calculated hourly. Mean (and SEM) creatinine clearance was similar in males and females (118±12 vs 105±6 ml/min). EGF was not detectable in plasma, whereas relatively high levels were measured in serum (2.5±0.25 vs 1.5±0.18 ng/ml in males and females respectivelyp<0.05). Urine EGF excretion averaged 1641±233 ng/h in males and 1507±191 ng/h in females (p>0.05). A significant correlation was observed between urine creatinine and urine EGF concentrations in both male (r = 0.98,p<0.01) and female (r=0.94,p< 0.01) subjects. EGF immunoreactivity in urine and serum eluted from G-75 sephadex columns similarly to recombinant 6000 Mr hEGF. Urine excretion of EGF approximated 1.5 g/h or 25 ng/mg creatine. The high concentrations of EGF found in urine in the face of non-detectable levels of EGF in plasma favor the hypothesis that EGF in urine is derived from kidney synthesis and secretion. The significant positive correlation between urine creatinine and urine EGF suggests a functional correlation between glomerular filtration and the process of tubular EGF excretion.Abbreviations EGF epidermal growth factor - hEGF human epidermal growth factor - IGF insulin-like growth factor - TGF alpha transforming growth factor - TGF beta transforming growth factor - NGF nerve growth factor - PDGF platelet derived growth factor - CPDA citrate phosphate dextrose adenine buffer - EDTA ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid - PBS phosphate saline buffer     

Increased binding capacity of receptors for the epidermal growth factor in benign thyroid nodules and thyroid malignancies

Summary To determine the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors in thyroid tumorigenesis, EGF binding was compared in membranes from malignant and from benign thyroid tumors. Surgical specimens were obtained from 28 patients with thyroid carcinomas (3 papillary, 13 follicular, 6 undifferentiated, and 6 medullary carcinomas) and from 30 patients with benign thyroid tumors (15 scintigraphically functional and 15 nonfunctional nodules). In 30 cases normal tissue adjacent to the tumor was also obtained. EGF binding was seen to be increased not only in thyroid carcinomas but also in benign thyroid tumors, particularly in functional thyroid adenomas. The highest EGF binding was found in undifferentiated carcinomas. A direct comparison of the EGF binding characteristics in tumor and adjacent normal thyroid tissue revealed that the increased binding of EGF is due mainly to an increase in the number of binding sites rather than an alteration in receptor affinities. EGF binding capacities were 18.4±16.7 fmol/mg protein in thyroid carcinomas and 10.5±5.2 fmol/mg in the corresponding normal tissue (P<0.05, K _d 0.84±0.26 nM, n=11). In autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas binding capacities were 14.2±8.2 fmol/mg in the nodules and 8.9±4.8 fmol/mg in normal tissue (P < 0.01, K _d 0.73±0.62 nM, n = 15). In conclusion, EGF receptor levels are increased not only in malignant thyroid tumors but also in well-differentiated benign thyroid nodules. The data indicate that an increased expression of EGF receptors, although likely to be important in the regulation of thyroid growth in vivo, is not by itself associated with malignant cell transformation and loss of differentiated function.Abbreviations EGF epidermal growth factor - EGFr epidermal growth factor receptor - TGF- transforming growth factor- Dedicated to Prof. Dr. G. Paumgartner on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

The effect of epidermal growth factor on vascular endothelial growth factor secretion by endometrial stromal cells

Endometrial stromal cells undergo morphological and functional changes to facilitate oocyte implantation under regulation of various hormones and growth factors. We studied physiological induction by epidermal growth factor (EGF) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in these cells. In human endometrial stromal cells, the effect of EGF, genistein, tryphostin AG1478 (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor), and wortmannin (a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor) on production of VEGF was examined: Total RNA was extracted and VEGF mRNA expression was quantified by Northern analysis. EGF induced production of VEGF by stromal cells in a time-dependent manner; the effect became significant after 12 h and increased further between 24 and 48 h (P<0.05). Dose dependency was also significant (P<0.01). Genistein, tryphostin AG1478, and wortmannin partially suppressed the increase in production induced by EGF (P<0.01, P< 0.01, P<0.01), respectively. Production of EGF by fertilized oocytes and trophoblasts has been reported in early pregnancy. VEGF is believed to be induced by EGF through mechanisms involving tyrosine kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. The increase in VEGF may contribute to neovascularization that promotes proliferation of endometrium and placentation. Received: 6 September 2001 / Accepted: 21 May 2002     

肝细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子联合体外诱导大鼠肝卵圆细胞分化的研究

目的探求卵圆细胞向成熟肝细胞分化的演变规律,并对其分化调控的分子机制作初步探讨。方法联合应用肝细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子体外培养大鼠肝脏卵圆细胞OC3,运用电镜、免疫细胞化学、半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）等技术,检测OC3在分化过程中形态及相关分子标记物的改变,并运用蛋白芯片技术观察细胞蛋白表达谱的变化。结果诱导10周后,卵圆细胞胞质变丰富,细胞器增多,表达谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST—P）和丙酮酸激酶（M2-PK）减弱,而表达白蛋白（ALB）、CK18增强,同时诱导后期的细胞较之诱导前主要出现了8种表达差异蛋白。结论在肝细胞生长因子与表皮生长因子的共同作用下,体外培养的卵圆细胞可逐步分化为成熟肝细胞。8种主要的结构蛋白或功能蛋白可能参与了对该过程的调控。