绝经后妇女血清基质金属蛋白酶与骨转换生化指标及骨密度的关系

目的探讨绝经后妇女血清基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-1和MMP-2与骨密度及骨转换生化指标之间的关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法测定297名48~80岁女性志愿者的血清MMP-1、MMP-2和血清骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、血清骨钙素(OC)及血清Ⅰ型胶原氨基末端肽(NTX),用双能X线吸收法测定腰椎正位1~4总体、股骨颈、华氏区、髋部总体的骨密度。结果MMP-1与骨密度及骨转换生化指标无明显相关性;MMP-2与骨密度呈较弱的负相关,校正年龄与体重指数后,MMP-2与股骨颈、髋部骨密度的相关性消失;MMP-2与BAP、OC、NTX正相关(P<0.01);绝经后骨质疏松症患者血清MMP-2水平高于年龄匹配的正常对照组和骨量减少组(P<0.01)。结论绝经后妇女血清MMP-2与骨转换生化指标相关联,血清MMP-2水平升高可能为高骨代谢转换过程(如绝经后骨质疏松症)中的一种伴随表现。     

Relationships between serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin levels and bone mineral density, and bone biochemical markers in Chinese men

BACKGROUND: Adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin, as the main circulating peptides secreted by adipose tissue, are potential contributors to bone metabolism. We investigated whether these serum adipocytokines levels are associated with BMD and bone turnover biochemical markers in 232 Chinese men (20-80 y). METHODS: Serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin levels were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Leptin had a positively correlation with fat mass, and remained significant after adjustment for age and BMI. There was a significant negative weak correlation between adiponectin and fat mass, and disappear after adjustment for age and BMI. Resistin and visfatin were not significantly correlated with fat mass. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, lean mass and adiponectin, but not leptin, resistin and visfatin, were independent predictors of BMD. The significant positive correlations between adiponectin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), bone cross-linked N-telopeptides of type collagen (NTX) were found, and remained significant after adjustment for age and fat mass. CONCLUSIONS: Adiponectin was an independent predictor of BMD in Chinese men, and positively correlated with bone turnover biochemical markers. It suggested that adiponectin exert a negative effect on bone mass in men.     

Serum concentrations of cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen: new marker for bone resorption in hemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND: Urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) is a reliable bone resorption marker in patients with metabolic bone disease. We assessed a clinically available serum NTX assay suitable for anuric patients on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS: Serum concentrations of NTX, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (beta-CTX), pyridinoline (PYD), and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were determined as bone resorption markers, and those of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and intact osteocalcin (OC) as bone formation markers, in 113 male HD patients (mean age, 59.3 years; mean HD duration, 67.7 months). Each patient's bone mineral density (BMD) in the distal third of the radius was measured twice, with a 2-year interval between measurements, by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Serum NTX correlated significantly with beta-CTX, PYD, DPD, BAP, and intact OC. NTX, as well as beta-CTX, PYD, DPD, BAP, and intact OC, correlated significantly with BMD at the time of measurement. NTX, beta-CTX, and DPD correlated significantly with the annual change in BMD during the 2-year period thereafter, in contrast to PYD, BAP, and intact OC. Patients in the highest quartile of serum NTX concentrations showed the fastest rate of bone loss. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting rapid bone loss were 48% and 83%, respectively, for serum NTX. CONCLUSION: Serum NTX may provide a clinically relevant serum assay to estimate bone turnover in HD patients.     

Relationships between serum adiponectin,leptin concentrations and bone mineral density,and bone biochemical markers in Chinese women

BackgroundAdiponectin and leptin, as the main circulating peptides secreted by adipose tissue, are potential contributors to bone metabolism. However, their association with bone mineral density (BMD) is unknown. We investigated whether these serum adipocytokines concentrations are associated with BMD and bone turnover markers.MethodsSerum adiponectin, leptin concentrations, bone turnover biochemical markers, and BMD were determined in 265 premenopausal and 336 postmenopausal Chinese women.ResultsIn postmenopausal Chinese women, the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that year since menopause, lean mass, estradiol, and adiponectin, but not fat mass, leptin, were independent predictors of BMD in postmenopausal Chinese women. However, in premenopausal Chinese women, adiponectin was not the predictor of BMD. The significant positive correlations between adiponectin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), bone cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTX) were found only in postmenopausal women. Serum BAP, and NTX, but not adiponectin, decreased in response to alendronate therapy.ConclusionsAdiponectin was an independent predictor of BMD, and positively correlated with bone turnover biochemical markers in postmenopausal Chinese women, but not premenopausal women. It suggested that adiponectin may exert a negative effect on bone mass by promoting excessive bone resorption associated with bone loss. However, these effects may be mediated by menopausal status.     

Serum concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 in Chinese women: age-related changes, and the relationships with bone biochemical markers, bone mineral density

BACKGROUND: Osteoblast-derived matrix metalloproteinse-1 (MMP-1), MMP-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) play a role in bone metabolism by degrading bone matrix. METHODS: We measured MMP-1, MMMP-2, TIMP-1 and associated results with age and bone metabolism in 591 Chinese women aged 20-80 y. RESULTS: Serum MMP-1, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 concentrations exhibited positive correlation with age. Serum concentrations of MMP-1 were higher in 40-69 y old women. The concentrations of MMP-2 were significantly increased in the 50-69 y olds. Serum TIMP-1 concentrations were significantly lower in women aged 30-59 y, and then these were followed by an increase at >60 y olds. We found a significant negative weaker correlation between MMP-2 and BMD. But multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that MMP-2 was not a determinant factor for BMD. There were significant positive correlations between MMP-2 and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin (OC), and cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTX). CONCLUSIONS: The serum concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 exhibit age-related changes, and circulating MMP-2 and bone turnover are related.     

血清骨钙素水平与绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者骨密度的关系

目的:探讨血清骨钙素水平与绝经后女性2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes,T2DM)患者骨密度(bone minaral density,BMD)间的关系。方法:本研究为回顾性分析,共纳入505例绝经后女性,其中T2DM住院患者305例,非糖尿病对照者200例,采用双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)检测腰椎(第2至第4腰椎)、股骨颈和全髋的BMD,同时检测血清骨钙素(osteocalcin,OC)水平。结果:与正常对照组相比,T2DM组患者的血清OC水平显著降低(P<0.05),腰椎、股骨颈、全髋的BMD及体质量指数显著增高(P<0.01)均呈显著负相关;校正年龄、体质量指数和糖尿病病程后,血清OC水平与腰椎及全髋的BMD间仍存在明显的负相关。结论:血清OC水平与绝经后女性T2DM患者腰椎及全髋的BMD密切相关,随着OC水平的升高,BMD呈下降趋势,提示血清OC水平可作为早期筛查绝经后女性T2DM患者骨质疏松的生化指标,结合血清OC水平和BMD能更好地预测绝经后女性T2DM患者的骨质疏松和骨折的风险。     

绝经后骨质疏松症患者性激素、细胞因子及骨代谢指标的变化及关系

目的探讨绝经后骨质疏松症(POP)患者性激素、细胞因子及骨代谢指标的相关性。方法根据腰椎骨密度(BMD)扫描结果将受试者分为3组,即POP组48例、绝经后非骨质疏松(NOP)组32例及绝经前健康对照组30名;采用放射免疫法、化学发光法及酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定110例受试者血清雌二醇(E2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)及氨基端中段骨钙素(N-BGP)的水平,并进行相关性分析。结果 POP组患者血清IL-6、N-BGP及BAP水平增高,高于NOP组及正常对照组(P<0.01),而BMD和E2、IGF-1的水平则低于NOP组及正常对照组(P<0.01);IGF-1与BMD、E2呈显著正相关(r=0.572、0.436,P<0.01),与年龄呈显著负相关(r=-0.541,P<0.01);IL-6与BMD、E2呈负相关(r=-0.584、-0.435,P<0.05),与N-BGP、BAP呈正相关(r=0.546、0.354,P<0.05);BMD与IL-6、年龄、N-BGP、BAP呈负相关(P<0.05),与E2、IGF-1呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 POP患者IL-6、N-BGP、BAP、E2及IGF-1水平可作为临床诊治POP的辅助指标。     

Relationship of serum leptin with age, body weight, body mass index, and bone mineral density in healthy mainland Chinese women

BACKGROUND: Serum leptin concentration is associated with age, fat and bone mineral density (BMD), and there are ethnic differences in physique and BMD values. The relationship between serum leptin concentration and BMD in Chinese women is presently unknown. We examined the relationship of serum leptin concentration with age, body weight, BMI and BMD in mainland Chinese women. METHODS: Serum leptin concentration in a population of 676 Chinese females, aged 20-80 years (45.4+/-14.8 years, mean+/-S.D.), was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BMD values were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at a number of sites: the posteroanterior lumbar spine (PA, L1-L4), lateral lumbar spine (Lat, L2-L4), hip (including the femoral neck (FN) and total hip (T-hip)), and forearm (one-third region (RU1/3) and total region (RUT)). The relationship between changes in serum leptin concentration with age, body weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and BMD values at six sites were analyzed using 10 different regression models, and the models giving the best fit were selected. RESULTS: The cubic regression model best described the changes in serum leptin concentration with age (R(2)=0.048, p<0.001) and body weight (R(2)=0.352, p<0.001), while the quadratic regression model was best for serum leptin concentration changes with BMI (R(2)=0.410, p<0.001); serum leptin concentration was not correlated with height. Serum leptin concentration was significantly higher in postmenopausal than premenopausal women (p<0.001). Serum leptin concentration was correlated with Lat BMD (R(2)=0.012, p<0.018), FN BMD (R(2)=0.006, p<0.041) and T-hip BMD (R(2)=0.013, p<0.004) in the whole population. In premenopausal women, leptin was positively associated with BMD except for Lat (R(2)=0.029-0.055, p<0.008); in postmenopausal women, leptin was also positively associated with AP, FN, T-hip BMD (R(2)=0.026-0.042, p<0.007). However, after adjusting for BMI not for body weight, there was no association between serum leptin concentration and age. Meanwhile, after adjustment for age, body weight and BMI, there was no association between serum leptin concentration and BMD values in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: Age-related changes in serum leptin concentration is dependent on BMI, but not a direct determinant of BMD in Chinese females.     

Age-related changes of serum bone alkaline phosphatase and cross-linked C-telopeptides of type I collagen and the relationship with bone mineral density in Chinese women

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that bone turnover rate changes with age. At the same time, there is no definitive research regarding age-related changes of bone turnover level and its association with bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese mainland women. METHODS: In a cohort of 663 Chinese mainland women aged 20-70 years, serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and serum cross-linked C-telopeptides of type I collagen (sCTX) were measured to evaluate the state of bone formation and resorption, respectively. BMD was measured in the posteroanterior spine, supine lateral spine, hip and forearm using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: The cubic polynomial regression model best fit age-related changes in serum BAP (R2=0.398, p<0.001) and sCTX concentrations (R2=0.148, p<0.001) with largest R2 from comparison 8 different regression models. Their values reached a minimal level in the 30-39 years age group, and increased dramatically in the 40-59 years groups. There was a decreasing trend of BAP in women >60 years. The levels of BAP and sCTX were inversely correlated to BMD in various skeletal regions over the entire population (r=-0.096 to -0.357, p<0.05). sCTX was a significant predictor of a T-score< or =-2.5 of BMD in postmenopausal women with sCTX levels above mean+2 SD of women aged 30-39 years compared with other postmenopausal women, which indicated by odds ratios 1.9-3.7 (p<0.05) for various skeletal regions, especially for the lateral lumbar spine (2.2, p<0.01), Ward's triangle (3.7, p<0.01), and ultradistal end of radius + ulna (2.8, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Age-dependent serum BAP and sCTX were inversely correlated to BMD, and sCTX was a useful parameter for the prediction of a low T-score of BMD at skeletal sites with abundant cancellous bone in postmenopausal women.     

转化生长因子β1与骨生化指标和骨密度的关系

背景:转化生长因子β1 是一种重要的调节骨构塑的细胞因子,其是否能作为反应骨转换的敏感因子尚不清楚.目的:探讨转化生长因子β1 与骨形成、骨吸收指标,以及腰椎正位骨密度间的关系.方法:实验共纳入来自长沙的健康妇女663 名,年龄20～80 岁.采用ELISA 法测定空腹血清转化生长因子β1、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽的水平,同时应用双能X 射线骨密度仪测定腰椎正位的骨密度.并分析转化生长因子β1 与其他各指标的相关性.结果与结论:检测结果显示30～39 岁,40～49 岁年龄段妇女的血清转化生长因子β1 水平最高,转化生长因子β1 水平与年龄呈负相关,与体质量指数无相关.校正体质量指数后发现,转化生长因子β1 与骨特异性碱性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽负相关,校正体质量指数和年龄后血清转化生长因子β1 水平与腰椎正位骨密度正相关.说明转化生长因子β1 能动态地反映骨转换情况.     

Association between increased serum osteoprotegerin levels and improvement in bone mineral density after parathyroidectomy in hemodialysis patients

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication in chronic renal disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), an extracellular cytokine receptor secreted by osteoblasts, can promote bone formation by inhibiting the function of osteoclasts. Hemodialysis (HD) patients have elevated serum OPG levels. OPG secretion can be suppressed with high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. HD patients with refractory SHPT can benefit from parathyroidectomy (PTX) treatment, but the changes of serum OPG, bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD) following PTX in HD patients remain unclear. In this study, patients on maintenance HD who received PTX for refractory SHPT (n = 28) were prospectively followed for 1 year. Serum intact PTH (iPTH), alkaline phosphatase (Alk-P), and OPG were measured serially; BMD was measured pre-PTX and at 1 year after PTX. After PTX, serum iPTH levels reduced profoundly. Serum Alk-P levels increased rapidly, peaking at 2 weeks post-PTX, while serum OPG levels gradually increased at 2 weeks after PTX and peaked at 2 months. BMD improved in both femoral neck (FN; cancellous and cortical bone) and lumbar spine (LS; cancellous bone). Higher baseline iPTH levels were associated with greater FN and LS BMD improvements at one year after PTX. The increment of serum OPG was correlated with the increase in LS BMD, implying that inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption may improve BMD within the first year after PTX. These findings suggest that PTX removes the suppressive effects of high PTH on OPG secretion, resulting in the increased serum OPG levels that may contribute to BMD improvement.     

骨代谢生化指标测定在妇科临床中的应用价值

目的：探讨四项骨代谢酶免疫生化指标：血骨钙素（BGP）、骨碱性磷酸酶（BAP）、I型 前胶原羧基肽（CICP）、尿呲啶酚（PYD）及传统的Ca/Cr及HOP／Cr比值对由于雌激素缺乏引起的高骨转换及骨量减少的诊断意义。并了解上述哪些指标对绝经引起的雌激素缺乏更敏感。方法：测定51名绝经前妇女（I组）,42名绝经后妇女（II组）,和53例双侧卵巢切除术（OVX）患者（III组）的上述各项指标,同时对各项生化指标间作相关分析。并与超声骨密度值（BMD）作相关分析。结果：绝经后组与卵巢切除术组的大部分酶免疫骨生化指标均显著高于绝经前组,与BMD的下降变化一致。但传统的HOP／Cr及Ca/Cr各组间无差异。相关性：所有病例中,BGP、BAP、CICP、PYD间均有相关性,尽管r值较低,但统计学分析差异有显著意义（P＜0.01）。其中BGP与BAP,BGP与PYD／Cr间相关性较好。BMD与BGP、BAP、CICP及PYD呈明显负相关。Ca/Cr及HOP／Cr与所有其他指标无相关。结论：BGP、BAP、CICP、PYD等骨代谢生化指标是反映绝经后（自然绝经及手术后绝经）妇女由于雌激素降低导致的高骨转换及骨量减少的敏感指标,在妇科临床中有较好的应用前景。而传统的Ca/Cr、HOP／Cr测定由于方法的不敏感、不特异而在妇科临床中应用受到限制。     

老年男性代谢综合征患者血睾酮水平与骨密度及骨转换指标的相关性研究

目的分析老年男性代谢综合征(MS)患者血睾酮(T)水平与骨密度(BMD)及骨转换指标之间的相互关系。方法收集60～90岁老年男性111例,分为MS组(61例)和非MS组(50例)。测定T、N-MID骨钙素(N-MID-OC)、总I型胶原氨基端延长肽(PINP)、血清β-胶原特殊系列(β-CTX)水平,同时使用双能X线骨密度测量仪测量左前臂、左髋部及腰椎的BMD,分析血清T水平与BMD及骨转换指标的相关性。结果 MS组的T、N-MID-OC、PINP、腰椎、髋骨及桡骨BMD水平均低于非MS组(P<0.05),β-CTX高于非MS组(P<0.05),且随着MS组分的增加,血T、N-MID-OC、PINP水平及腰椎、髋部、桡骨BMD平逐渐下降,β-CTX逐渐增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明:血清T与N-MID-OC、PINP及腰椎、髋部、桡骨BMD呈正相关,与β-CTX水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论老年男性MS患者中血T水平与BMD及骨转换指标密切相关,低T水平可作为老年男性骨质疏松(OP)的预测因子。     

血液透析患者血清瘦素水平与骨密度和骨代谢的关系研究

目的观察血液透析患者体内血清瘦素水平与骨密度、骨代谢指标之间的关系。方法94名血液透析患者均采用双能X射线骨密度仪检测计算股骨颈和腰椎骨的骨密度。采用酶联免疫法测定血清瘦素,放射免疫检定法测定甲状旁腺素（PTH）,酶联免疫吸附法测定Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列（β-CTX）,采用全自动生化分析仪检测骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BAP）。结果女性患者的血清瘦素明显高于男性患者（t=2.44,P＜0.05）,且女性患者血清瘦素和PTH、β-CTX、BAP均呈负相关（r分别=-0.58、-0.23、-0.37,P均＜0.05）,男性患者血清瘦素和PTH、β-CTX呈负相关（r分别=-0.41、-0.45,P均＜0.05）。所有患者的血清瘦素与骨密度相关性不明显（r分别=0.06、0.06,P均＞0.05）。结论血液透析患者女性的血清瘦素水平明显高于男性,女性患者血清瘦素与骨代谢呈负相关;男性患者中血清瘦素与骨代谢中的骨吸收负相关,而与骨形成无关。所有患者的血清瘦素与骨密度相关性均不明显。     

辛伐他汀对STZ-糖尿病大鼠骨代谢指标及骨密度影响的实验研究

目的观察辛伐他汀对糖尿病大鼠血、尿I型胶原变联氨基末端肽(NTX)以及骨密度的影响,以了解他汀类药物对糖尿病性骨质疏松是否存在保护作用。方法健康雄性2月龄Wistar大鼠24只,体重(200±20)g,分为健康对照组(A组)、糖尿病组(B组)、辛伐他汀治疗组(C组)每组各8只。建立糖尿病大鼠模型后,检测各组第2周及第8周血糖、NTX,于第8周末处死大鼠,测定血NTX、全身骨密度及双侧股骨骨密度。结果第8周B组、C组骨密度较A组明显减低,C组经辛伐他汀治疗8周后骨密度较B组有所增加(P<0.05);B组和C组血、尿NTX显著高于A组(P<0.01);C组血、尿NTX低于与同期B组(P<0.05)。结论辛伐他汀对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松存在一定程度的保护作用。     

Bone mineral density: serum markers of bone turnover and their relationships in peritoneal dialysis.

BACKGROUND: The usefulness of bone mass measurements and bone turnover markers to estimate the risk of fracture and the type of underlying renal osteodystrophy are not well established in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). OBJECTIVE: To assess bone mass using total and regional bone densitometry in a group of patients on PD and to determine if serum markers of bone turnover identify patients with low bone mass. METHODS: Bone densitometry was studied by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and bone turnover using several serum markers, in 65 patients on PD. Bone mass was classified as normal, osteopenic, or osteoporotic according to World Health Organization criteria based on bone mineral density (BMD) T scores. RESULTS: T scores in the osteopenia range were present at the lumbar spine (LS) in 44.6% (45% of men and 44.4% of women) of patients and at the femoral neck (FN) in 56.9% (55% of men and 58% of women). T scores in the osteoporosis range were present at the LS in 13.8% of patients (10% of men and 15.5% of women) and at the FN in 21.5% (30% of men and 17.7% of women). Patients with BMD T scores in the osteoporosis range at both regions had increased serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels compared to patients in the osteopenic/normal range. Bone mineral content in the whole skeleton (TBMC) correlated negatively with iPTH (r = -0.34) and with total time on dialysis (r = -0.26); in multivariate analysis, only iPTH correlated negatively with TBMC (B = -0.26, p = 0.03). No correlations were found between the other bone markers and BMD T scores at the FN or LS. There were no significant differences in absolute BMD or BMD T scores at the LS or FN between patients with and patients without fractures. CONCLUSIONS: BMD T scores in the osteopenia/osteoporosis range were observed at the LS in 58.4% of these patients on PD and at the FN in 78.4%. TBMC correlated negatively with iPTH. There were no correlations between markers of bone turnover and bone mass measurements at the two skeletal regions, although patients with BMD T scores in the osteoporosis range had increased serum iPTH levels. Bone mass measurements were not different between patients with and patients without fractures.     

转化生长因子β1与骨生化指标和骨密度的关系

背景：转化生长因子β1是一种重要的调节骨构塑的细胞因子,其是否能作为反应骨转换的敏感因子尚不清楚。目的：探讨转化生长因子β1与骨形成、骨吸收指标,以及腰椎正位骨密度间的关系。方法：实验共纳入来自长沙的健康妇女663名,年龄20～80岁。采用ELISA法测定空腹血清转化生长因子β1、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽的水平,同时应用双能X射线骨密度仪测定腰椎正位的骨密度。并分析转化生长因子β1与其他各指标的相关性。结果与结论：检测结果显示30～39岁,40～49岁年龄段妇女的血清转化生长因子β1水平最高,转化生长因子β1水平与年龄呈负相关,与体质量指数无相关。校正体质量指数后发现,转化生长因子β1与骨特异性碱性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽负相关,校正体质量指数和年龄后血清转化生长因子β1水平与腰椎正位骨密度正相关。说明转化生长因子β1能动态地反映骨转换情况。     

Relationship between bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in hemodialysis patients

End-stage renal disease is closely associated with changes in bone and mineral metabolism. In recent times, osteoporosis has become important among hemodialysis (HD) patients. In this study, the investigators sought to evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers of bone turnover among HD patients. A total of 70 uremic patients on a maintenance HD program for at least 1 y were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated with conventional bicarbonated HD for 5 h through the use of low-flux hollow-fiber dialyzers. Bone densitometry was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine (LS) and the femoral neck (FN). BMD was classified according to World Health Organization criteria on the basis of BMD T scores. Biochemical bone turnover markers such as calcium, phosphorus, ionized calcium, intact parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, plasma bicarbonate, blood pH, serum albumin, and hematocrit levels were measured before the HD session in the morning. Male patients (n=37; 52.9%; mean age, 46.2+/-17.0 y) were assigned to a single study group, and female patients (n=33; 47.1%; mean age, 44.0+/-13.1 y) to another. Mean duration of HD treatment was 33.7+/-28.5 mo in females and 33.0+/-26.0 mo in males. Among all patients, BMD T scores in the osteopenia/osteoporosis range were observed at the LS in 58 patients (82.8%) and at the FN in 45 patients (64.3%). According to BMD measurements in FN T score, 10% of patients (n=7) were osteoporotic, 54.3% (n=38), osteopenic, and 35.7% (n=25), normal. On the other hand, in LS T score, the results were 47.1% (n=33) osteoporotic, 35.7% (n=25), osteopenic, and 17.1% (n=12), normal. No statistically significant association was found in osteopenia/osteoporosis between sexes according to FN and LS T score (P=.542, P=.267, respectively). No significant relationship was noted between BMD and biochemical markers of bone turnover. A positive correlation was found between FN T scores of BMD and age (r=.413, P=.000). BMD T scores within the range of scores for osteopenia/osteoporosis were observed in 78.5% of patients at the LS and in 58.5% of patients at the FN. The investigators concluded that no correlation could be found between markers of bone turnover and bone mass measurements in both skeletal regions. LS T score results were worse than FN T score results. Elevated alkaline phosphastase levels combined with high intact parathyroid hormone levels are predictive of renal osteodystrophy but not of adynamic bone disease/osteoporosis.     

Serum serotonin concentration associated with bone mineral density in Chinese postmenopausal women

Recent studies have shown that circulating serotonin plays a potential role in bone metabolism. However, conflicting results have been reported for the relationship between serum serotonin concentrations and bone mineral density (BMD). We investigated whether the serum serotonin concentrations related to BMD in Chinese postmenopausal women. Serum serotonin and bone turnover concentrations of 117 premenopausal women and 262 asymptomatic postmenopausal women were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The relationship between serotonin and BMD was investigated. The postmenopausal women had lower mean serum serotonin concentrations compared to the premenopausal women. Serotonin concentrations were negatively associated with age, weight, BMI, fat mass, and β-CTX concentrations in postmenopausal women. No significant correlations were found between serotonin and these parameters in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, age- and BMI-adjusted serotonin concentrations were positively correlated with BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Multiple regression analyses showed serum serotonin and β-CTX were the predictors for lumbar spine BMD. Only serum serotonin was the determinant for femoral neck BMD. In conclusion, lower serum serotonin concentrations are linked to low lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women.     

男性血清抵抗素、脂联素水平与骨密度的关系：232名资料分析

目的：调查分析长沙地区232名健康男性志愿者血清抵抗素、脂联素水平与骨密度的关系。方法：随机选择长沙地区汉族健康男性志愿者232名，对调查方案均知情同意，排除患有影响骨代谢疾病、服用影响骨代谢药物者。用酶联免疫吸附试验测定受试者血清脂联素、抵抗素水平；用DXA测定总体、腰椎正位、总髋部骨密度，全身扫描测定体脂水平及瘦体质量。分析血清脂联素、抵抗素水平与体脂及各部位骨密度的关系；利用逐步多元线性回归分析各部位骨密度的影响因素。结果：抵抗素与体脂无相关性。脂联素与体脂呈负相关（r=-0．216，P〈0．05），校正年龄与体质量指数后，相关性消失（r=-0．006，P〉0．05）。脂联素与总体、腰椎正位、总髋部骨密度呈负相关，校正年龄与体脂后，相关性存在。抵抗素与总体、腰椎正位、总髋部骨密度无相关性。多元线性回归分析显示脂联素是男性各部位骨密度的独立影响因素。结论：抵抗素与体脂及各部位骨密度均无相关性。脂联素与体脂相关，与各部位骨密度呈负相关，是男性各部位骨密度的独立影响因素。