经内镜治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎的临床价值

目的探讨治疗性ERCP在急性胆源性胰腺炎（acute biliary pancreatitis，ABP）治疗及减少复发中的临床价值。方法将ABP患者依据其治疗方式，分为内镜组行ERCP治疗和对照组行常规治疗，比较其腹痛缓解时间及血、尿淀粉酶降至正常时间及肝功能恢复时间和住院天数。随访所有ABP患者，比较两组患者复发率。结果117例ABP患者中急性轻症胆源性胰腺炎患者99例（84．6％），急性重症胆源性胰腺炎患者18例（15．4％）。内镜组和对照组总例数分别为49例和68例。内镜组与对照组比较，急性轻症胆源性胰腺炎和急性重症胆源性胰腺炎的腹痛缓解时间、肝功能恢复时间、住院天数均明显缩短（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。血、尿淀粉酶恢复时间两组比较差异无统计学意义。内镜组无明显内镜治疗相关并发症发生。所有患者平均随访时间20个月（5—37个月）；7例失访，随访率94．0％。内镜组的复发率0（0／46）明显低于对照组46．8％（29／62）（P〈0．01）。结论与常规治疗比较，ERCP治疗ABP是较好方法之一，不仅疗效好、恢复较快，而且安全，并能减少胆源性胰腺炎的复发。     

内镜治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎临床观察

回顾性分析46例急性胆源性胰腺炎(ABP)患者经内镜治疗的临床效果,并比较治疗前后部分血清酶类水平.发现内镜诊治成功率达93.48% (43/46),无并发症,无死亡患者.治疗后,患者外周血淀粉酶、胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、脂肪酶和C反应蛋白低于治疗前.提示内镜诊治ABP效果较好,可迅速改善患者受累器官功能.     

重症急性胆源性胰腺炎内镜治疗回顾性研究

目的：评价治疗性逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）对重症急性胆源性胰腺炎（SABP）的疗效及安全性。方法：回顾分析65例SABP患者内镜治疗情况,比较早期及择期内镜治疗成功率、症状缓解及对预后的影响。结果：65例患者ERCP成功60例（成功率92．3％）。其中急诊ERCP成功率87．7％,择期ERCP成功率100％。33．83％ERCP未见胆管结石。对于无胆道梗阻的SABP患者,比较急诊与择期ERCP组患者的腹痛缓解、体温、白细胞计数、肝功能、淀粉酶等恢复正常时间无显著性差别（P〉0．05）。结论：SABP行治疗性ERCP的诊治创伤小、有效。对于急性期SABP无明确胆道梗阻及感染,早期ERCP增加治疗风险及不成功率;病情稳定后择期ERCP可增加成功率并减少风险,不会加重病情。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎的内镜治疗

急性胆源性胰腺炎(ABP)患者131例,其中急诊内镜治疗(内镜组)78例,行逆行胰胆管造影术(ER-CP)、内镜下乳头括约肌切开用网篮取石或碎石后取石及鼻胆管引流术;保守或急诊外科手术治疗(对照组)53例.发现内镜治疗的成功率为92%,未发生与内镜操作有关的严重并发症;与对照组相比,内镜组术后腹痛缓解快,住院时间短,从术后第2天开始血及尿淀粉酶明显降低,第3天降低更为明显.提示ERCP的早期干预能有效逆转ABP的急性症状和转归,尤其对于重症胰腺炎.     

老年急性重症胆源性胰腺炎的早期内镜治疗

目的探讨早期急诊内镜治疗对老年急性重症胆源性胰腺炎的临床价值。方法确诊为急性重症胆源性胰腺炎的92例高龄患者,分成内镜组（n=43）和对照组（n=49）,对其血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8以及淀粉酶恢复正常时间、腹痛缓解时间、住院天数,还有并发症发生率和死亡率等指标进行比较分析。结果治疗7d后内镜组患者血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8和对照组比较下降更明显,差异有统计学意义[（45．16±13．48）μg／L比（176．89±47．35）μg／L、（31．76±13．85）μg／L比（68．48±24．87）μg／L、（113．39±63．78）μg／L比（309．86±117．13）μg／L,P均〈0．05];内镜组患者腹痛缓解时间、淀粉酶恢复正常时间、住院时间明显短于对照组[（10．2±1．7）d比（13．2±2．4）d、（3．3±1．0）d比（5．5±1．2）d、（15±1．6）d比（20±3．0）d,P均〈0．05];并发症发生率也低于对照组（5％比22％,P〈0．05）。结论早期内镜介入治疗老年急性重症胆源性胰腺炎具有微创、安全、有效的优点,能明显缓解病情的进一步发展。     

急性胰腺炎早期ERCP及内镜治疗66例

目的探讨急性胰腺炎患者早期ＥＲＣＰ及内镜治疗应用的价值及安全性．方法急性胰腺炎患者作早期（１ｄ～７ｄ内）ＥＲＣＰ及内镜治疗（ＥＲＣＰ组，６６例），并以同期保守治疗的急性胰腺炎患者６０例作对照（对照组），观察两组患者血清淀粉酶恢复时间，腹痛缓解时间、住院天数、住院费用及并发症发生情况．结果ＥＲＣＰ组中，３６例为胆道疾病患者，４例为胰管结石，４例为胰腺分裂症，３例为乳头旁巨大憩室，１７例ＥＲＣＰ未见异常．作内镜下治疗３３例，其中ＥＰＴ及取石术１７例，４例作了副乳头切开及扩张术，１２例作了鼻胆管引流术．ＥＲＣＰ组腹痛缓解天数及平均住院天数分别为１１５ｄ±３６ｄ及２１７ｄ±５０ｄ，明显短于对照组（１５４ｄ±７８ｄ及３３０ｄ±６８ｄ，Ｐ＜００１）．血清淀粉酶恢复时间及住院费用两组相差不显著．两组均未发生严重并发症．结论急性胰腺炎早期ＥＲＣＰ及内镜治疗经济安全、有效，可缩短腹痛缓解时间及住院天数，作者认为对胆源性胰腺炎应尽早行ＥＲＣＰ及内镜治疗．     

思他宁联合早期内镜治疗急性胆石性胰腺炎

目的探讨应用思他宁联合早期内镜治疗急性胆石性胰腺炎(AGP)的疗效.方法应用思他宁联合早期逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)、经内镜鼻胆管引流(ENBD)及经内镜乳头括约肌切开(EST)治疗AGP 32例,其中轻症胰腺炎21例,重症胰腺炎11例.结果治愈30例,2例重症胰腺炎内镜治疗后转外科手术治疗,1例术后死亡.结论思他宁联合内镜治疗AGP是安全和有效的,对明确诊断AGP者应及早应用思他宁及内镜介入治疗.     

急性胰腺炎复发诱因及内镜治疗

目的 探讨急性胰腺炎(AP)复发的诱因及其内镜治疗效果.方法 杏阅2002年1月至2008年12月长海医院收治的AP患者.详细记录患者临床资料;是否行内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)治疗、治疗方法及并发症.电话随访后根据是否AP复发将患者分为无复发组与复发组.分析两组致病因素及内镜治疗疗效.结果 804患者入组,其中无复发组512例(63.68%),复发组292例(36.32%).无复发组平均年龄52岁,复发组平均年龄44岁,相差显著(P<0.01).201例重症胰腺炎中,无复发组104例(20.31%),复发组97例(33.22%),复发组显著高于无复发组(P<0.01).无复发组并发胰腺假性囊肿46例,复发组44例,两组胰腺假性囊肿发生率差异显著(P<0.05).AP病因为胆源性、高三酰甘油血症是胰腺炎反复发作的危险因素.139例复发性AP患者行ERCP治疗,15例(5.15%)并发ERCP术后胰腺炎,1例(0.34%)出现十二指肠乳头切开后出血.成功随访内镜介入治疗的118例复发性AP患者,内镜治疗总缓解率为78.8%.结论 复发组发病年龄较小,重症急性胰腺炎发生率及胰腺假性囊肿发生率均高,胆源性及高三酰甘油血症为诱发AP复发的危险因素.内镜介入治疗对复发性AP同样有效.     

胰管支架在内镜治疗困难的急性胆源性胰腺炎中的应用

目的 探讨胰管支架在内镜治疗困难的急性胆源性胰腺炎中的临床应用价值.方法 选择2005年1月至2009年12月间入院行内镜治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎困难患者81例,随机分为胰管支架治疗组35例,而未放置胰管支架的46例患者作为对照组,术后2组使用相同药物治疗,病情平稳后取出胰管支架(平均11 d),出院后随访3个月.结果 2...     

思他宁联合早期内镜治疗急性胆石性胰腺炎

目的 探讨应用思他宁联合早期内镜治疗急性胆石性胰腺炎(AGP)的疗效。方法 应用思他宁联合早期逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)、经内镜鼻胆管引流(ENBD)及经内镜乳头括约肌切开(EST)治疗AGP32例，其中轻症胰腺炎21例，重症胰腺炎11例。结果 治愈30例，2例重症胰腺炎内镜治疗后转外科手术治疗，1例术后死亡。结论 思他宁联合内镜治疗AGP是安全和有效的，对明确诊断AGP应及早应用思他宁及内镜介入治疗。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎的早期EST治疗

目的探讨早期EST治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎的疗效。方法回顾性分析我院自2000年12月至2003年11月间46例临床确诊为急性胆源性胰腺炎作早期(72h内)EST治疗的结果。结果早期EST治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎能有效降低血清淀粉酶及缓解疼痛。只要操作得当并无内镜治疗相关的并发症和死亡病例。结论急性胆源性胰腺炎内镜治疗是安全而有效的。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎内镜治疗的临床对比研究

目的:通过对比观察给予不同治疗方案的3组急性胆源性胰腺炎(ABP)患者,探讨ABP经内镜治疗的优劣.方法:将119例ABP(包括SABP)患者分为内镜组(40例)、药物组(42例)、手术组(37例).对比观察3组患者治疗后症状、实验室指标恢复情况、并发症发生率、死亡率以及住院天数.结果:内镜组总并发症发生率12.5%(5/40),死亡率5.0%(2/40).手术组并发症发生率29.7%(11/37),死亡率5.4%(2/37);保守组并发症发生率23.8%(10/42),死亡率7.1%(3/42).在3组SABP中,内镜组患者在症状恢复时间、实验室指标恢复时间、及住院天数方面较手术组及保守组均明显缩短、并发症发生率较手术组及保守组均降低(P<0.05).结论:内镜治疗ABP(尤其SABP)是一项较安全、有效、经济简便、并发症少、可重复操作的治疗措施,值得临床大力推广.     

Early endoscopic ultrasonography in acute biliary pancreatitis: A prospective pilot study

AIM: To investigate the clinical usefulness of early endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) in the management of acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP).METHODS: All consecutive patients entering the emergency department between January 2010 and December 2012 due to acute abdominal pain and showing biochemical and/or radiological findings consistent with possible ABP were prospectively enrolled. Patients were classified as having a low,moderate,or high probability of common bile duct(CBD) stones,according to the established risk stratification. Exclusion criteria were: gastrectomy or patient in whom the cause of biliary obstruction was already identified by ultrasonography. All enrolled patients underwent EUS within 48 h of their admission. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed immediately after EUS only in those cases with proven CBD stones or sludge. The following parameters were investigated:(1) clinical: age,sex,fever;(2) radiological: dilated CBD; and(3) biochemical: bilirubin,AST,ALT,g GT,ALP,amylase,lipasis,PCR. Association between presence of CBD stone at EUS and the individual predictors wereassessed by univariate logistic regression. Predictors significantly associated with CBD stones(P 0.05) were entered in a multivariate logistic regression model.RESULTS: A total of 181 patients with pancreatitis were admitted to the emergency department between January 2010 and December 2012. After exclusion criteria a total of 71 patients(38 females,53.5%,mean age 58 ± 20.12 years,range 27-89 years; 33 males,46.5%,mean age 65 ± 11.86 years,range 41-91 years) were included in the present study. The probability of CBD stones was considered low in 21 cases(29%),moderate in 26(37%),and high in the remaining 24(34%). The 71 patients included in the study underwent EUS,which allowed for a complete evaluation of the target sites in all the cases. The procedure was completed in a mean time of 14.7 min(range 9-34 min),without any notable complications.The overall CBD stone frequency was 44%(31 of 71),with a significant increase from the group at low pretest probability to that at moderate(OR = 5.79,P = 0.01) and high(OR = 4.25,P = 0.03) pretest probability.CONCLUSION: Early EUS in ABP allows,if appropriate,immediate endoscopic treatment and significant spare of unnecessary operative procedures thus reducing possible related complications.     

Outcomes and timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for acute biliary pancreatitis

BackgroundIndication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) is challenging.AimsIn this retrospective study, we analyzed real-world data to understand the ERCP practice in ABP in Hungarian centers.MethodsClinical data on ABP patients (2013–2015) were extracted from our large multicentric database. Outcomes, quality indicators and the role of early timing of ERCP (<24 h from admission) were analyzed.ResultsThere were 356 patients with ABP. ERCP was performed in 267 (75%). Performance indicators of ERCP proved to be suboptimal with a biliary cannulation rate of 84%. Successful vs unsuccessful cannulation of naïve papilla resulted in lower rates of local [22.9% vs 40.9%, (P = 0.012)] and systemic [4.9% vs 13.6%, (P = 0.042)] complications. Successful vs unsuccessful clearance resulted in lower rates of local complications [22.5% vs 40.8%, (P = 0.008)]. Successful cannulation and drainage correlated with less severe course of ABP [3.6% vs 15.9%, (P = 0.001) and 4.1% vs 12.2%, (P = 0.033)] respectively. A tendency of an increased rate of local complications was observed if ERCP was performed later [<24 h: 21.1% (35/166); between 24–48 h: 23.4% (11/47); >48h: 37.2% (16/43) (P = 0.088)].ConclusionOptimization of ERCP indication in ABP patients is critical as suboptimal ERCP practices in ABP without definitive stone detection are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.     

生长抑素及ENBD对预防ERCP术后胰腺炎的临床对照

目的:探讨预防性应用生长抑素及术后放置鼻胆引流管对经内镜胰胆管造影术(endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP)后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的作用及安全性.方法:按照既定标准入院接受ERCP诊治的患者110例,随机分为3组,分别给予生长抑素组、ENBD及安慰剂.观察术后胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症的发生情况、预后及经济学评价.结果:3组患者中术后胰腺炎总发生率为17.2%(n=19),高淀粉酶血症为4.54%(n=5),对照组胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症发生率明显高于其余2组(P<0.05);血清淀粉酶变化,生长抑素组(467IU/L±63IU/L)、ENBD组(501IU/L±405IU/L)术后6h较对照组(1323IU/L±46IU/L)低,差距有统计学意义(P<0.05);但术后24h血清淀粉酶水平无显著性差异(P>0.05);生长抑素组及ENBD组胰腺炎患者腹部症状体征消失时间、血象下降时间、平均住院时间均较对照组明显缩短,差距有统计学意义(P<0.05);对比2种预防ERCP术后胰腺炎的方法,生长抑素费用明显低于ENBD,可大大降低医疗费用的支出,差距有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:生长抑素、鼻胆引流管均可有效预防ERCP术后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的发生,生长抑素更为经济.