南京市老年人生命质量及影响因素

目的了解南京市老年人生命质量,探讨影响其生命质量的主要因素。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法对南京市某社区600名老年人进行调查,应用EQ-5D量表评价南京市老年人的生命质量,并采用多因素统计方法进行老年人生命质量影响因素的分析。结果调查的600名老年人平均年龄为(70.23±6.61)岁,直观式健康量表(VAS)评分为(77.22±11.12)分,EQ-5D评分为(0.84±0.13)分,老年人在行动、自理以及日常活动三个维度的自我评价较好,而老年人躯体疼痛/不舒服以及焦虑/抑郁的评价相对较差。慢性病、吸烟以及饮食习惯是影响老年人生命质量的主要因素(P0.05)。结论老年人的生命质量需要给予更多的关注,尤其是老年人的躯体疼痛和精神状态,老年人自身应该加强对慢性病的关注,杜绝吸烟、合理膳食。     

中西部农村地区老年人健康相关生命质量及其影响因素

目的了解我国中西部农村地区老年人的健康相关生命质量及其影响因素。方法采用EQ-5D量表和调查问卷,对随机抽取的952名中西部农村地区60岁及以上老年人进行调查,并采用单因素和多因素相结合的统计方法进行分析。结果中西部农村地区老年人EQ-VAS平均得分为(66.91±16.31),EQ-5D指数评分为(0.893 2±0.129 3)。老年人对其自我照顾能力评价相对较高,满意率为79.5%,而对疼痛或不适的评价较差,满意率为57.1%。影响农村老年人健康相关生命质量的因素为最近2 w身体不适情况、患慢性病情况、文化程度、家庭年总收入及年龄分组;其中最近2 w发病情况和患慢性病情况对老年人生命质量影响更显著。结论中西部农村地区老年人EQ-VAS自评分偏低,其健康相关生命质量有待于进一步提高。     

山东省4地市社区老年人生命质量及影响因素

目的了解山东省4地市社区老年人的生命质量,并探讨其生命质量的主要影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层抽样法选取山东省4个地区≥60岁的老年人作为调查研究对象,采用自制调查问卷和欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)对影响生命质量的因素进行调查研究。结果共调查社区老年人3 363名,健康维度存在问题的比例由高到低依次是疼痛/不适、行动能力、焦虑/沮丧、日常活动、自我照顾能力。视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分为(75.86±12.156)分。多因素分析结果显示:行动能力维度的危险因素有年龄、慢性病,保护因素有文化程度、体育锻炼(P0.05)。自我照顾能力维度的危险因素有年龄、经济收入、居住情况、慢性病,保护因素有体育锻炼、社会参与(P0.05)。日常活动能力维度的危险因素有年龄、慢性病,保护因素有文化程度、体育锻炼、社会参与(P0.05)。疼痛/不适维度的危险因素有年龄、经济收入、居住情况、慢性病,保护因素有体育锻炼(P0.05)。焦虑/沮丧的危险因素有年龄、婚姻状况、居住情况、慢性病,保护因素有体育锻炼(P0.05)。结论慢性病和年龄是山东省城市社区老年人生命质量的主要影响因素,应加强老年人慢性病的健康管理,同时加强体育锻炼指导,提高目标人群的生命质量。     

石家庄社区老年多重用药患者生命质量及其影响因素

目的 了解社区老年多重用药患者用药情况与生命质量现状及其影响因素.方法 依据五维健康(EQ-5D)量表和自制问卷对石家庄市416例社区多重用药的老年非住院患者用药情况和生存质量进行横断面调查.结果 该社区老年患者平均用药4.9种,其中处方药3.1种,非处方药及保健品1.8种,潜在性不适当药物发生率为14.7％,EQ-5D的均值为0.74,EQ-VAS均值71.34,老年患者的生命质量与用药数量、服用潜在性不适当药物及用药依从性显著相关(P＜0.05).结论 随着用药数量的增加,老年患者进行药物治疗的风险增加,生命质量受到较大影响.     

桂林市社区老年人生活质量评价及其影响因素

目的评价桂林市社区老年人的生活质量及其影响因素。方法使用欧洲五维度健康量表(EQ-5D)对桂林市1 150例60岁及以上老年人进行现场问卷调查,分别使用英国、日本和美国的效用值积分表进行生活质量指数得分的换算。结果老年人在行动、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛或不适、焦虑或抑郁方面出现中重度问题的比例分别为13.6%、9.9%、12.9%、45.5%和31.5%;健康自评量表(EQ-VAS)评分均值为75.53分;采用英国、日本和美国的效用值积分表换算的老年人的生活质量指数得分分别为0.79±0.21、0.76±0.14、0.86±0.17;多重线性回归分析结果显示,居住方式、患慢性病数量、社会支持、年龄、性别、经济状况、宗教信仰、婚姻状况等是影响老年人生活质量的因素(P0.05),其中居住方式、患慢性病数量、年龄和社会支持对生活质量的影响较大(P0.05)。结论老年人生活质量状况不容乐观,特别是心理健康;影响生活质量的因素众多,应采取综合策略和措施;不断提高社会支持水平,重点加强和提高养老机构老年人的生活质量。此外,应尽快研制适合中国人群的效用值积分表。     

基于不同测算方法分析陕西农村空巢老人生命质量及影响因素

目的了解陕西省农村空巢老人生命质量现状及其影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样法对陕西省600名65岁以上的老年人进行调查,通过一般情况调查、欧洲五维度健康量表(EQ-5D)、自评健康状况调查,分别应用中国和英国的EQ-5D量表效用值积分体系计算健康效用值,采用多元线性回归分析陕西省农村空巢老人生命质量的影响因素。结果空巢老人在躯体疼痛或不适、情绪焦虑或抑郁这两个维度与非空巢老人有显著性差异(P<0. 05);空巢老人的中英两种积分体系计算的EQ-5D量表的健康效用值平均水平均明显低于非空巢老人(P<0. 05);空巢老人的健康自评得分显著低于非空巢老人(P<0. 05);分别以中英两种积分体系的健康效用值和健康自评得分为因变量,进行多元线性回归分析,年龄、文化程度、月均收入、两周患病情况、慢性病情况、吸烟对空巢老人的生命质量具有显著性影响(P<0. 05)。结论陕西省农村空巢老人生命质量总体水平低于非空巢老人;分别以中英两种积分体系得到的健康效用值和健康自评得分为因变量,分析得到的生命质量影响因素大致相同,在现实研究时可根据设计目的选择合适的生命质量测算方法。     

南通市老年人生活质量的影响因素

目的了解南通市老年人生活质量状况及其危险因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,欧洲五维健康量表及自制量表为调查工具,对南通市986名60岁以上老年人进行调查。结果南通市老年人对行动能力、自我照顾能力和焦虑或沮丧的满意度较高,对躯体疼痛或不适以及日常活动的满意度较低,且每个维度得分均是男性好于女性(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示南通是老年人生活质量的影响因素依次是居住方式、慢性病个数、体育锻炼、年龄、性别和职业。结论鼓励老年人适当参加体育锻炼,建立和谐的社会关系,提高老年人生活质量。     

南通市老年人生活质量及其影响因素

目的了解南通市老年人健康状况和生活质量现状,并对生活质量的影响因素进行分析,为制定提高老年人生活质量的相关干预措施提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,世界卫生组织QOL-BREF及自制量表为调查工具,对南通市60岁以上老年人群进行调查,共收集有效问卷714份。结果南通市老年人的生活质量得分(x±s)分别是:生理领域64.99±11.19,心理领域61.05±9.84,社会关系领域65.74±10.18,环境领域59.06±10.41,QOL自评65.14±17.16,健康自评71.06±14.22。多因素线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、睡眠状况、个性是否乐观、体育锻炼是影响老年人生理领域得分的主要因素;文化程度、医疗费用负担方式、食欲、人际关系、个性是否乐观、体育锻炼及对医疗保险制度的满意度是影响老年人心理领域得分的主要因素;婚姻状况、医疗保险费用的负担方式、人际关系、个性是否乐观、体育锻炼及对医疗保险制度的满意度是影响老年人社会领域得分的主要因素;文化程度、医疗费用负担方式、居住条件、人际关系、个体是否乐观、体育锻炼及对医疗保险制度的满意度是影响老年人环境领域得分的主要因素。结论完善医疗保障制度,鼓励老年人适当地参加体育锻炼,建立良好的社会关系,提高老年人的生活质量。     

社区老年人生命质量评价及影响因素分析

目的 探讨健康老龄化背景下漯河市部分社区老年人的生命质量现状及影响因素,为相关部门制定提升老年人健康相关生命质量及健康管理决策提供科学依据。方法 采用单纯随机抽样方法,随机抽取漯河市郾城区、源汇区、召陵区部分社区常住老年人(年龄≥60岁),以问卷调查的方式,应用EQ-5D量表测量老年人生命质量,运用SPSS统计分析软件进行统计描述及统计分析。结果 漯河市老年人依据我国的TTO计算出EQ-5D健康效用值为(0.834±0.204),EQ-VAS评分为(82.20±19.15)分,在行动能力、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛或不适、焦虑或抑郁5个维度中有极度困难的比例依次为5.65%、6.04%、6.04%、6.04%、6.43%,有些困难的比例依次为23.2%、12.28%、17.55%、26.12%、15.21%,存在问题比例较高的维度主要为疼痛或不适(32.16%)。经济状况、居住方式、健康状况、慢性病史、健康管理、吸烟史与EQ-5D健康效用值存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论 漯河市老年人健康相关生命质量相对较好,影响老年人健康相关生命质量的因素依次为健康管理、有无慢性病、老年人居住情...     

老年人生命质量研究状况

<正>随着社会的不断进步,居民在保障生存权和发展权的同时,开始追求生活质量和生命质量。如何提高人们的生命质量是社会医学、经济学等领域研究的一个重要课题〔1〕。我国是世界上人口老龄化速度最快的国家之一〔2〕。老年人随着年龄增长引起一系列复杂的退行性变化,导致全身各系统的功能逐渐下降,伴随生理功能的减退产生很多不良的心理问题,导致心身疾病的发生,给他们的生产生活带来了诸多不便,影响了个人、人际关系、家庭和社会水平,使其在就业、就医等方面面临     

Depression, quality of life (QoL) and will to live of community-dwelling postmenopausal women in three Asian countries: Korea, China and Japan

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of screening-detected depression and the association of depression with QoL in community-dwelling postmenopausal women living in three Asian countries. We examined self-reported questionnaires and conducted the study. A total of 698 community-dwelling postmenopausal women living in three Asian countries participated in this study. The mean age was 59.4 ± 6.6 years (±SD) Depressive symptoms were assessed using a 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). Using the cut-off of 5/6 for the GDS-15, the percentages of subjects with depression were 39.0% of the Korean subjects, 29.2% of the Chinese subjects, and 33.9% of the Japanese subjects. For the assessment of QoL, we used the EQ-5D of the EuroQoL Group. The following five dimensions were assessed: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The proportions of subjects reporting problems for each dimension were examined. Subjects with depression had significantly lower levels of some dimensions of QoL than those without depression in all three countries. In all three countries, 29.2-39.0% of community-dwelling postmenopausal women had screening-detected depression, which was significantly associated with a lower level of some dimensions of QoL. These results suggest that clinicians should pay more attention to depression in community-dwelling postmenopausal women.     

Health-related quality of life in metabolic syndrome: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005

Aim

This study sought to assess the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the general population.

Methods

We analyzed data for 4463 adults, aged 30 years or older, from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. “EuroQol 5D”, which measures two dimensions, the EuroQol 5D index score (EQ-5D) and the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS), was used to evaluate HRQOL.

Results

Mean scores for the EQ-5D in both sexes and EQ-VAS in women decreased with increasing number of MS components, and women's means for both scores were significantly lower than men's. In individual domains of HRQOL, men with more MS components tended to have higher odds ratios for decreased self-care, and women had decreased mobility, according to the EQ-5D. In men, high blood pressure led to decreased EQ-5D, and in women, abdominal obesity and high blood pressure did so. Additionally, we found that taking medication had an impact on decreased HRQOL, especially in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.

Conclusions

HRQOL was negatively associated with the number of MS components and it was decreased by taking hypoglycemic medications. This association differed by gender.     

农村老年人生活质量构成指标关系的探讨

利用因子分析，线性回归模型的统计方法对生活质量构成指标间的关系进行分析，结果表明：构成生活质量的诸因素可概括为五个基本因子，残疾因子、社会支持因子、满意度因子、躯体健康因子和视听因子；各因素间存在着复杂的因果关系，指标间既存在直接间接作用，影响工的因素集资为经济状况，躯体健康，功能健康，而心理健康状况受躯体健康，经济状况，功能水平的作用，分析结果还证实，线性结构模型是分析多个复杂变量间相互关系的非     

维生素D营养不足对老年人生活质量的影响

目的 了解维生素D营养不足对老年人生活质量的影响.方法 在本院查体中心随机抽取205例中老年人,分为老年组(≥60岁)102例,中年组(45～59岁)103例.用SF-36量表评价其躯体和心理健康状况;酶联免疫吸附法测定血25-羟维生素D3 〔25(OH)D3〕水平,以25(OH)D3≤49.9 nmol/L作为维生素D营养不足的客观指标.结果 老年组维生素D缺乏者55例,占老年人群的53.9％,维生素D充足者16例,仅为15.7％.老年组中,生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康4个维度中,维生素D不足组得分均低于维生素D临界组和充足组.在评价心理健康的社会功能、活力、精神健康3个维度中,维生素D不足组得分低于维生素D临界组和维生素D充足组(F=10.28,9.20,6.60,均为P＜0.05).多元逐步回归分析显示,25(OH)D3进入老年人生活质量各维度评分的回归方程,其作用较其他因子大.结论 老年人普遍存在维生素D营养不足,且影响老年人的生活质量.     

Post-acute care regains quality of life among middle-aged and older stroke patients in Taiwan

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of middle-aged and older stroke patients receiving the stroke post care (PAC) program and to identify possible predictors.Design, setting and participantsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Demographic characteristics and functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale, Barthel Index, Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Concise Chinese Aphasia Test) were collected at enrollment. EQ-5D HRQoL questionnaires were administered at the beginning and the end of PAC, and health state utilities were compared.ResultsThe EQ-5D utilities of stroke patients aged 75–84 years and 85 years or above were estimated to be 0.091 and 0.159 lower than those aged less than 50 years. A decrease of the utility by 0.075 was observed among patients with the prior history of stroke. The EQ-5D utilities of patients having Barthel Index of 21–40, 41–60, and 61–100 were 0.1432, 0.1568, and 0.1387 higher than those having Barthel Index of 0–20, respectively. For patients reporting extreme problems in self-care or any dimension of EQ-5D questionnaires prior to PAC, increases in utilities by 0.0733 and 0.2875 were noted. The EQ-5D utility of PAC service duration rose by 0.0733 per one incremental day.Conclusions and implicationsThis study provides vital evidence regarding time-varying benefits of PAC services to HRQoL of stroke patients and to identify multiple predictors of HRQoL among stroke patients receiving PAC services. This study thus could serve as good reference to enhance quality of PAC services among stroke patients.     

No difference in quality of life between persons with severe haemophilia A and B

Introduction

Good health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important goal in the treatment of persons with haemophilia B (PwHB). Studies focusing on this population are limited, however, and data are insufficient.

Aim

To assess the HRQoL in PwHB and to compare this to data on persons with haemophilia A (PwHA), as well as to evaluate the impact of joint health on HRQoL and to identify areas of insufficient care.

Methods

The B-NORD study enrolled persons with severe haemophilia B and matched controls with haemophilia A. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and joint health using Haemophilia Joint Health Score 2.1 (HJHS).

Results

The EQ-5D-3L was completed by 63 PwHB and 63 PwHA. Mobility problems were reported by 46% of PwHB and 44% of PwHA, pain/discomfort by 62% and 56%, and anxiety/depression by 33% and 17%, respectively. No significant difference was observed between PwHA and PwHB in EQ-5D profiles, level sum score, EQ-5D index (PwHB mean .80, PwHA mean .83, p = .24), or EQ VAS score (PwHB: mean 70, PwHA: mean 77, p = .061). Linear regression adjusted for age demonstrated that an increase in HJHS score was associated with a significant decrease in both EQ-5D index (B -.003, R₂ .22) and EQ VAS score (B -.37, R₂ .17).

Conclusion

Despite the majority of patients being treated with prophylaxis, impaired HRQoL was reported in both PwHB and PwHA. No differences in HRQoL were found between the two groups. Impaired joint health had a significant negative impact on HRQoL.