哮喘缓解期豚鼠经低压缺氧处理后BALF中一氧化氮及肺组织病理的变化

目的探讨低压缺氧对哮喘缓解期豚鼠的影响.方法采用卵蛋白致敏和激发制成豚鼠哮喘模型,比较正常组、诱发哮喘发作后24h(发作组)、未经任何治疗哮喘豚鼠(缓解组)以及低压缺氧治疗哮喘豚鼠(处理组)的血浆皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)一氧化氮(NO)及肺组织病理学变化.结果 (1) 皮质醇水平发作组较正常组显著升高(P<0.01),低压缺氧处理组较缓解组显著升高(P<0.05),与正常组无显著差异(P>0.05).(2)BALF中NO的改变:哮喘发作组NO明显高于正常组(P<0.01) 和哮喘缓解组(P<0.01),哮喘缓解组和哮喘低压缺氧组的NO明显高于正常组(P<0.05),两者之间无显著差异.(3)肺组织病理学变化:低压缺氧处理组较缓解组明显好转,嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)浸润减少,肺泡膈间质水肿基本消失,Ⅱ型肺泡上皮增生及上皮细胞板层体结构恢复正常.结论低压缺氧处理哮喘缓解期豚鼠后肺组织病理改变明显好转,血浆皮质醇水平升高,对哮喘发生的主要效应细胞和气道高反应性产生调控作用,对改善气道炎症起重要的作用.     

低压缺氧对哮喘豚鼠血浆皮质醇含量和血液淋巴细胞β受体的影响

目的:探讨低压缺氧治疗哮喘的机制.方法:采用卵蛋白致敏和激发制成豚鼠哮喘模型,比较正常组、诱发哮喘发作后24h(发作组)、未经任何治疗哮喘豚鼠(对照组)以及低压缺氧治疗哮喘豚鼠(治疗组)的血浆皮质醇、外周血淋巴细胞β受体数目以及肺组织病理学变化.结果:①皮质醇水平:发作组较正常组显著升高(P<0.01),对照组较正常组明显下降(P<0.01),治疗组较对照组显著升高(P<0.01),与正常组差异不显著(P>0.05).②外周血淋巴细胞β受体数:对照组较正常组明显减少(P<0.01),治疗组较对照组明显增加(P<0.05),与正常组差异显著(P<0.05).③肺组织病理学变化: 治疗组较对照组明显好转,EOS浸润减少,肺泡膈间质水肿基本消失,Ⅱ型肺泡上皮增生.结论:低压缺氧治疗哮喘豚鼠后血浆皮质醇水平升高以及外周血淋巴细胞β受体数目增加,可能是低压缺氧治疗哮喘的机制.     

模拟高原低压舱治疗哮喘缓解期豚鼠对血清皮质醇及嗜酸性粒细胞的影响

目的:探讨模拟高原缺氧条件治疗哮喘的机制,为临床应用模拟高原低压舱治疗儿童哮喘提供部分理论依据.方法:采用10%卵蛋白(OA)致敏和5次1%OA诱发复制哮喘豚鼠动物模型,设立正常对照组、哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组3组.利用模拟4000m海拔高原条件的低压舱治疗干预,结束后3组均作外周血和BALF中EOS计数以及血清皮质醇检测,并进行统计学分析.结果:哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组外周血EOS、BALF中EOS绝对值均非常显著高于正常对照组,低压舱组非常显著低于哮喘对照组(P<0.01);哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组的BALF中HEOS百分率均非常显著高于正常对照组,低压舱治疗组非常显著低于哮喘对照组(P<0.01);正常对照组和低压舱治疗组的血清皮质醇含量均非常显著地高于哮喘对照组,但低压舱治疗组与正常对照组差异不显著(P>0.05).结论:模拟高原低压舱治疗能使哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇升高,进而使其外周血EOS和BALF中EOS减少,有利于预防哮喘复发或减轻哮喘发作症状,可作为临床预防和治疗哮喘的一种新方法.     

模拟高原低压舱治疗对哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇和CD4+T淋巴细胞的影响

目的探讨模拟高原缺氧条件治疗哮喘的机制,为临床应用模拟高原低压舱治疗儿童哮喘提供部分理论依据.方法采用10%卵蛋白(OA)致敏和5次1%OA诱发复制哮喘豚鼠动物模型,设立正常对照组、哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组3组.利用模拟4 000m海拔高原条件的低压舱治疗干预,结束后3组均作血清皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数和低密度EOS(HEOS)百分率和外周血CD4 T淋巴细胞数量以及气道平滑肌张力的测定.结果 (1)正常对照组和低压舱治疗组的血清皮质醇含量均非常显著地高于哮喘对照组(P<0.01),且低压舱治疗组值与正常对照组无显著差异(P>0.05).(2)哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组BALF中EOS绝对值及HEOS百分率均数均非常显著高于正常对照组,同时,低压舱治疗组非常显著低于哮喘对照组(P<0.01);(3)正常对照组和低压舱治疗组外周血CD4 T淋巴细胞数量明显低于哮喘对照组(P<0.01);(4)哮喘组气道平滑肌张力明显增高.结论低压舱治疗能使哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇升高,抑制CD4 T淋巴细胞活化,从而使其BALF中EOS数和活化的EOS(HEOS)减少,降低气道平滑肌张力,有利于预防哮喘复发和减轻哮喘发作症状,在临床上有潜在的应用价值.     

低压缺氧对哮喘豚鼠血浆皮质醇含量和血液淋巴细胞β受体的 …

目的：探讨低压缺氧治疗哮喘的机制。方法：采用卵蛋白致激发制成豚鼠哮喘模型,比较正常组、诱发哮喘发作后２４ｈ、任何治疗哮喘豚鼠（对照组）以及低压缺氧治疗哮喘豚鼠（治疗组）的血浆皮质醇、外周血淋巴细胞β受体数目以及肺组织病理学变化。结果：（１）皮质醇水平：发作组较正常升高,对照组较正常组明显下降,治疗组较对照组显著升高,与正常组差异不显著。（２）外周血淋巴细胞β受体数;对照组较正常组明显减少,治疗组较     

射干麻黄汤对哮喘豚鼠气道EOS凋亡、IL-5mRNA及IL-10mRNA表达的影响

目的 探讨中药射干麻黄汤对哮喘豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)凋亡、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)水平、白细胞介素(IL)-5mRNA及IL-10mRNA表达水平的影响.方法 40只健康雄性Hartley系豚鼠随机分为射干麻黄汤组、地塞米松组、哮喘组和正常对照组.采用原位末端标记技术(TUNEL)、荧光酶标记法和RT-PCR技术检测BALF中EOS凋亡、ECP水平、IL-5mRNA及IL-10mRNA表达水平.结果 射干麻黄汤组BALF中的EOS明显较哮喘组低,EOS凋亡率明显较哮喘组高(P＜0.01); ECP水平明显较哮喘组低(P＜0.05);IL-5mRNA水平明显较哮喘组低,IL-10mRNA水平明显较哮喘组高(P＜0.05).结论 射干麻黄汤可以通过减少IL-5mRNA的表达,增加IL-10mRNA的表达有效抑制哮喘豚鼠气道EOS的上升,增加EOS的凋亡;降低ECP水平.     

低氧吸入治疗对哮喘缓解期豚鼠气道平滑肌张力的影响

目的探讨低氧吸入治疗对哮喘的机制,为临床应用低氧吸入治疗儿童哮喘提供部分理论依据。方法采用10%卵蛋白(OA)腹腔注射致敏和5次1%OA吸入诱发复制哮喘豚鼠动物模型,设立正常对照组、哮喘对照组和低氧吸入治疗组3组。利用(13±0.5)%O2/N2低氧混合气体治疗干预,结束后3组均做血清皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数和低密度EOS(HEOS)百分率以及气道平滑肌张力的测定,并进行统计学分析。结果(1)正常对照组和低氧吸入治疗组的血清皮质醇含量均高于哮喘对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但低氧吸入治疗组值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)哮喘对照组和低氧吸入治疗组BALF中EOS绝对值及HEOS百分率均数均高于正常对照组,低氧吸入治疗组低于哮喘对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(3)哮喘对照组气道平滑肌张力明显增高,而低氧吸入治疗组降低;(4)肺组织病理学检查显示,低氧吸入治疗组较哮喘对照组病理变化明显改善,主要表现为气道EOS浸润减少,肺泡间隔水肿减轻,Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞内板层小体接近正常。结论低氧吸入治疗能使哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇升高,从而使其BALF中EOS数和活化的EOS(HEOS)减少,气道变应性炎症明显好转,气道高反应性(AHR)得以恢复,有利于预防哮喘复发和哮喘发作症状的减轻。     

低压缺氧治疗哮喘后血浆皮质醇BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞的变化

目的：探讨低压缺氧治疗哮喘的机制,方法：采用卵蛋白致敏和激发制成豚鼠哮喘模型,比较正常组,诱发哮喘发作后２４小时（发作组）,未经任何治疗哮喘豚鼠（对照组）以及低压缺氧治疗哮喘豚鼠（治疗组）的血浆皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）和低密度嗜酸性粒细胞（ＨＥＯ）以及肺组织病理学变化。     

支气管哮喘发作期冷热哮证与TNF-α、SOD、MDA关系的临床研究

目的:探讨支气管哮喘急性发作期患者TNF α、SOD、MDA含量与中医辨证分型的关系。方法:对6 0例哮喘发作期患者,分为冷哮证组和热哮证组,并设正常对照组。采用放射免疫分析法测定血浆TNF α,化学比色法测定SOD、MDA含量,进行组间比较。结果:哮喘组TNF α、MDA含量显著高于正常对照组,SOD水平较正常组非常显著降低(P <0 .0 1) ,其中冷哮证TNF α较热哮证非常显著升高(P <0 .0 1)。结论:TNF α可作为冷、热哮证不同病理变化的客观指标。     

L-精氨酸对哮喘的防治作用

目的 :研究L 精氨酸 (L Arg)对豚鼠哮喘的防治作用。 方法 :腹腔注射与雾化吸入鸡卵蛋白 ,制作动物哮喘模型 ,观察哮喘反应 ,激发致敏 3次后用乌拉坦麻醉 ,取动脉血进行血气分析 ,支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BALF)计数嗜酸性粒细胞 (EOS)及测NO2 /NO3 -值 ,取部分肺组织石蜡包埋切片计每 2 0个高倍视野EOS数。结果 :2 0个高倍视野EOS数及BALF测NO2 /NO3 -参数 ,显示L Arg组与阳性对照组相比无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,其余参数均提示差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论 :L Arg有良好的防治哮喘的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.