达芬奇手术机器人在减重代谢外科中的应用

目的了解达芬奇手术机器人应用于减重代谢外科的现状及效果。方法检索国内外有关达芬奇手术机器人在减重代谢外科中应用研究的相关文献并进行综述。结果达芬奇手术机器人是近年发展起来的微创外科手术系统,由于其独特的组成结构突破了传统腹腔镜术中视野缺乏、二维成像、镜头不稳、移动范围受限等局限,为操作空间狭小及难度较高的减重代谢手术提供了一定的解决办法。目前达芬奇手术机器人与腹腔镜减重手术主要在手术时间和术后并发症方面有一定的差异。结论近年来达芬奇手术机器人被广泛应用于减重代谢外科,它克服了腹腔镜辅助减重手术的诸多限制,其安全、可行,而且临床效果相似,为减重代谢外科提供了一种新的术式选择。     

达芬奇辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的研究进展

达芬奇系统是一种高级机器人平台,其设计的理念是通过更精细的操作,实施复杂的外科手术。自2000年Binder和Kramer在德国完成了第一例机器人前列腺癌根治术以来,该术式在国外得到迅速推广,目前在北欧国家超过一半以上的前列腺癌根治手术由手术机器人完成,而在美国,这一比例更是高达90%,已成为前列腺癌根治手术的“金标准”。在前列腺癌高发的美国和欧洲大部分国家达芬奇辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(RALP)几乎取代了单纯腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术（LRP）。在泌尿外科手术中,达芬奇系统在前列腺癌根治术中应用最为广泛。达芬奇系统在前列腺癌根治术中的优势已被我国泌尿外科医师广泛认可。本文将对达芬奇辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的研究进展作一综述。     

机器人肝脏切除手术的临床现状与研究进展

随着外科手术器械和腹腔镜技术的不断发展,肝脏外科已经进入微创外科和精准外科时代。机器人辅助肝脏切除术已包含几乎所有传统开腹手术的适应证。目前临床研究显示,与开腹手术和传统腹腔镜手术相比,达芬奇手术机器人在肝脏切除术中的应用是安全、可行的。本文综合文献报道及临床实践,针对达芬奇机器人在肝脏切除术的临床现状和研究进展做一综述。     

机器人辅助腹腔镜在泌尿外科的应用现状

近年来,随着机器人手术系统的不断改进及应用的拓宽,机器人辅助腹腔镜手术的报道迅速增多。由于目前广泛应用的“达芬奇”（daVinci）机器人具有三维立体图像观察系统,超越人手旋转度的灵活手臂及其高度的稳定性等优点,吸引了世界上所有外科医生的关注,泌尿外科在机器人辅助腹腔镜下开展的手术越来越多,现综述如下。     

达芬奇机器人腹腔镜技术在泌尿外科中的应用现状

<正>自1987年第一例腹腔镜胆囊切除术的成功完成,腔镜外科学掀起了微创外科的热潮。随着科技的不断发展,手术器械的持续改进和更新,微创外科再次进入了一个新的时代——机器人手术时代。目前常见的机器人系统有AESOP(伊索)、ZEUS(宙斯)和da Vinci(达芬奇)系统,现临床上最常用的是达芬奇机器人系统。达芬奇机器人手术操作系统包括操作平台、手术机械臂系统及图像处理系统。与传统腹腔镜技术相比,达芬奇机器人手术系统具有特殊的优势,如三维操作视野、十倍的高清放大     

机器人辅助肾部分切除会成为金标准吗?

<正>微创手术是外科医生的不懈追求,达芬奇机器人手术系统(Da Vinci robotic surgery system,DVSS)在外科领域的广泛应用和发展是当今世界临床医学发展的里程碑。泌尿外科是DVSS应用的主要阵地之一,开展范围较广,技术日益成熟。肾部分切除手术是治疗T1(≤7cm)期肾细胞癌的首推方法,主要包括开放性肾部分切除术、腹腔镜肾部分切除术和机器人辅助腹腔镜肾部分切除术。     

机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾癌根治+腔静脉癌 栓取出术的护理配合

正达芬奇机器人手术系统(Da Vinci surgical system,DVSS)是目前全球范围内应用最成熟、最广泛的机器人手术系统~([1])。目前已广泛应用于泌尿外科、普通外科、妇产科等~([2]),其应用不但改变了患者接受手术治疗的模式,也打破了传统手术护理配合模式,给手术护理配合工作带来了新挑战与新要求,但国内应用DVSS完成机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾癌根治+腔静脉癌栓取出术的护理配合报道较少。2016年5月至2019年3月我院成功施行16例达芬奇机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾癌根治+腔静脉癌栓取出术,手术顺利,医护合作满意。现将手术配合护理报道如下。     

单孔机器人技术在儿童中的应用

<正>单孔及单部位腹腔镜技术早于单孔机器人之前出现，2007年Podolsky等^[1]完成了首例成人经脐单部位腹腔镜胆囊切除术。2008年Li等^[2]通过经脐单部位腹腔镜技术完成了儿童高位隐睾下降固定术。单孔及单部位腹腔镜技术目前已在小儿泌尿外科、小儿普通外科、新生儿外科等领域中广泛应用。2001年儿童机器人手术首次报道用于胃底折叠术^[3]。有学者尝试将单孔腹腔镜技术应用于达芬奇机器人，2013年Tobis等^[4]报道了达芬奇Si系统辅助首例儿童单孔腹腔镜肾盂成形术。随后，单孔机器人达芬奇SP系统问世，2014年Kaouk报道利用达芬奇SP原型机999完成了19例成人泌外手术。2018年最新一代达芬奇SP系统批准用于临床，单孔机器人在成人手术中广泛应用。儿童因其群体的特殊性，目前报道较少，Kang等^[5]报道了儿童首例达芬奇机器人SP系统辅助腹腔镜肾盂成形术。2022年国内学者应用达芬奇Xi系统经脐单孔完成儿童肾盂成形术和卵巢良性肿瘤剔除术等手术，术后无明显并发症且...     

机器人单孔腹腔镜妇科手术11例临床观察

目的探讨达芬奇机器人单孔腹腔镜手术系统施行妇科手术的安全性及可行性。 方法回顾性分析解放军总医院妇产科2017年12月至2018年1月为11例患者施行达芬奇机器人单孔腹腔镜手术系统辅助妇科手术的临床资料。 结果达芬奇机器人单孔腹腔镜手术系统共施行11例妇科手术,均获得成功。包括卵巢囊肿剥除术4例,全子宫＋双附件切除术3例,子宫肌瘤剔除＋卵巢囊肿剥除术1例,盆腔粘连松解＋卵巢囊肿剥除术1例,单侧附件切除术1例,输卵管系膜囊肿剥除术1例。手术操作时间(49.0±19.3)min,术中出血量(33.6 ± 24.2)ml,术后排气时间(17.3±3.1)h,术后住院时间(2.3±0.9)d。11例患者在术中、术后均无并发症发生,均痊愈出院。术后随访患者脐部切口隐蔽,瘢痕不易发觉。 结论达芬奇机器人单孔腹腔镜手术系统应用于妇科领域是安全、可行的,但要求术者要熟悉盆腔解剖结构,而且应具备娴熟的腹腔镜技术。     

机器人手术在泌尿生殖系统肿瘤中的应用进展

<正>手术机器人技术是近几十年来最具有划时代意义的手术技术革新。达芬奇机器人手术系统是目前唯一市场化的机器人辅助手术系统,第一台达芬奇机器人手术是机器人辅助腹腔镜下胆囊切除术。2000年,第一台机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺切除术在巴黎完成,这也标志着机器人手术系统开始应用于泌尿外科领域~([1-2])。我国于2006年底引进第一台达芬奇机器人,     

Colorectal surgeons should be open to modern surgical technologies for challenging cases

Today, colorectal surgeons globally are practicing in an exciting era where surgical technologies are constantly emerging. Most of these cutting‐edge technologies are readily available in Australia and New Zealand at present. Thus the ‘modern surgeon’ should always be defined by this open‐minded attitude towards these new and emerging surgical technologies. This review article highlights current modalities that we have been using in our north‐Brisbane public and private hospitals for cases predicted to be technically challenging using minimally invasive approaches for most of them. We examined the current evidence regarding the following modalities and critiqued their use in clinical practice: lighted ureteric stents, minimally invasive surgery approaches of laparoscopy and robotic surgery, pressure barrier insufflation devices, 3D camera systems, hand‐assist device ports and indocyanine green dye fluorescence angiography. The objective of this review paper is to alert colorectal surgeons to new surgical technologies available to them, to encourage colorectal surgeons' familiarization with these many technologies, and to support evidence‐based consideration for the clinical use of such. These technologies should be supplemental aides to the safe, oncologically adequate and efficient operation that they already routinely perform.     

Hand Surgery in Different Countries: Hand Surgery in New Zealand

Hand surgery in New Zealand has steadily grown from its origins in plastic surgery and orthopaedic surgery into its own discipline. There has been much progress and innovation in hand surgery that has originated from New Zealand and this review acknowledges the historical figures and events that have led to our present position. The current and future directions of hand surgery in our country are also discussed. As a small and remote country, we are very fortunate to have close relationships with other international hand societies. Through these relationships and the efforts of committed regional hand surgeons, the art and science of hand surgery in New Zealand continues to progress.     

Updates in robotic colorectal surgery

Since the introduction of master-slave manipulators (otherwise known as telemanipulators) in 1990, minimally invasive surgery paved the way for the development of the first robotic surgical systems to overcome the limitations of laparoscopic surgery. The robotic system over the last decade has rapidly gained acceptance and popularity among surgeons, especially colorectal surgeons around the world. Advantages of robotic surgical systems includes superior instrumentation and stable field of vision which enable precise dissection in confined spaces such as the pelvis. The feasibility and safety of robotic rectal surgery is now well established and there is increasing evidence that it might offer superior perioperative and postoperative outcomes when compared to laparoscopic rectal surgery. Robotic rectal surgery is easier to learn than laparoscopic surgery and the creation of a structured training program for robotic rectal surgery in Europe and USA has facilitated the learning of this technique in an environment that promotes patient safety and improved patient outcomes through equipment fidelity and operator skills. It is foreseeable that in the near future robotic systems will become part of routine surgical practice in colorectal surgery.     

DAY CASE ANORECTAL SURGERY

All patients referred to the University Department of Surgery, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand, with minor anorectal conditions requiring surgery were considered for day case surgery. Eighty-three per cent of the patients were found suitable for day surgery. One hundred patients underwent 103 procedures under general anaesthesia. Admission to hospital from the day care facility was required for four patients; two for bleeding, one for pain and one for drowsiness. One patient required readmission due to inability to cope at home. Twenty-six per cent reported severe pain. Eighty-nine per cent found day surgery to be convenient and preferable to inpatient surgery. Eleven per cent found day surgery inconvenient and would prefer inpatient surgery in future. It is suggested that many anorectal procedures can be performed on a day case basis in selected patients, with safety and convenience. It is well tolerated and accepted.     

Robotic colorectal surgery

Master–slave manipulators (otherwise known as telemanipulators) were introduced into minimally invasive surgery in the 1990s to overcome the limitations of laparoscopic surgery. This led to the development of the first robotic surgical systems which, over the last 10 years, have rapidly gained acceptance among colorectal surgeons. Advantages of robotic surgical systems such as superior instrumentation and field of vision enable precise dissection in confined spaces such as the pelvis which make it a particularly attractive tool for rectal surgery. The feasibility and safety of robotic rectal surgery is now well established and there is increasing evidence that it might offer superior peri- and postoperative outcomes when compared to laparoscopic rectal surgery. Robotic rectal surgery is easier to learn than laparoscopic surgery and the creation of a structured training programme for robotic rectal surgery in Europe has facilitated the learning of this technique in an environment that promotes patient safety and improved patient outcomes through equipment fidelity and operator skill. It is foreseeable that in the near future robotic systems will become part of routine surgical practice in colorectal surgery.     

Updates in robotic colorectal surgery

Since the introduction of master-slave manipulators (otherwise known as telemanipulators) in 1990, minimally invasive surgery paved way for the development of the first robotic surgical systems to overcome the limitations of laparoscopic surgery. Over the last decade, the robotic system has rapidly gained acceptance and popularity among surgeons, especially colorectal surgeons around the world. Advantages of robotic surgical systems includes superior instrumentation and stable field of vision which enable precise dissection in confined spaces such as the pelvis. The feasibility and safety of robotic rectal surgery is now well established and there is increasing evidence that it might offer superior perioperative and postoperative outcomes when compared to laparoscopic rectal surgery. Robotic rectal surgery is easier to learn than laparoscopic surgery and the creation of a structured training program for robotic rectal surgery in Europe and USA has facilitated the learning of this technique in an environment that promotes patient safety and improved patient outcomes through equipment fidelity and operator skills. It is foreseeable that in the near future robotic systems will become part of routine surgical practice in colorectal surgery.     

我国肝胆胰外科发展与国际接轨的挑战和机遇

This article traced how western medicine and surgery were introduced into China, described where Chinese surgery stands currently at the international scene, and proposed future strategies as to how Chinese surgery can go internationally. Surgery, a major component of western medicine,was first introduced into China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries through the missionaries and the merchants of the East Indian Company. Surgical centers were soon established in the big cities along the coastal region, then spread inland along the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. The establishment of general surgery centers soon led to the development of the subspecialty in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery because of high prevalence of hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic stones, portal hypertension caused by schistosomiasis and pancreatic disease. For historical reasons,Chinese surgery was cut off from the outside world in the 1960s.This led to the development of Chinese surgery along a different path from that taken internationally. With the opening up of China in the 1980s, and the recent economic developments,Chinese surgery needs to merge with surgery in the rest of the world. Suggested proposal for future strategies for Chinese surgery to go internationally include undergraduate medical reform, introduction of structured surgical training and examination for the whole country, life long continuing medical education for all surgeons, academic exchanges with internationally renowned centers, publication in international peer-review journals, active involvement in international surgical societies and conferences.