Hand-Sewn Versus Stapled Oesophago-gastric Anastomosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objective  

In this meta-analysis, data from relevant randomised controlled trials has been pooled together to gain a consensus in the comparison of outcome following hand-sewn versus stapled oesophago-gastric (OG) anastomoses.     

Association Between Juxtapapillary Duodenal Diverticula and Risk of Choledocholithiasis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background/Objectives

Studies have suggested that the presence of juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula (JDD) could be a predisposing factor for choledocholithiasis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted with the aims to summarize all available evidence to better characterize the risk.

Methods

A literature search was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE database from inception to January 2018. Cross-sectional studies that reported odd ratios (OR) comparing the risk of choledocholithiasis among individuals with JDD versus individuals without JDD were included. Pooled OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method.

Results

Of 527 retrieved articles, 11 studies met our eligibility criteria and were included in analysis. We found a significant association between the presence of JDD and choledocholithiasis with the pooled OR of 2.30 (95% CI, 1.84–2.86). The statistical heterogeneity was moderate with an I² of 60%.

Conclusions

A significantly increased risk of choledocholithiasis among individuals with JDD was observed in this study.

     

Incidence of Cancer Following Bariatric Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Obesity is linked to the development of cancer. Previous studies have suggested that there is a relationship between bariatric surgery and reduced cancer risk. Data sources were from Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library. From 951 references, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria (54,257 participants). In controlled studies, bariatric surgery was associated with a reduction in the risk of cancer. The cancer incidence density rate was 1.06 cases per 1000 person-years within the surgery groups. In the meta-regression, we found an inverse relationship between the presurgical body mass index and cancer incidence after surgery (beta coefficient ?0.2, P?相似文献   

Evaluation of Metabolic Outcomes Following SADI-S: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Obesity Surgery - Single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) offers a novel bariatric procedure. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates observational and...     

Technical Factors that Affect Anastomotic Integrity Following Esophagectomy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background

Due to the significant contribution of anastomotic leak, with its disastrous consequences to patient morbidity and mortality, multiple parameters have been proposed and individually meta-analyzed for the formation of the ideal esophagogastric anastomosis following cancer resection. The purpose of this pooled analysis was to examine the main technical parameters that impact on anastomotic integrity.

Methods

Medline, Embase, trial registries, and conference proceedings were searched. Technical factors evaluated included hand-sewn versus stapled esophagogastric anastomosis (EGA), cervical versus thoracic EGA, minimally invasive versus open esophagectomy, anterior versus posterior route of reconstruction and ischemic conditioning of the gastric conduit. The outcome of interest was the incidence of anastomotic leak, for which pooled odds ratios were calculated for each technical factor.

Results

No significant difference in the incidence of anastomotic leak was demonstrated for the following technical factors: hand-sewn versus stapled EGA, minimally invasive versus open esophagectomy, anterior versus posterior route of reconstruction and ischemic conditioning of the gastric conduit. Four randomized, controlled trials comprising 298 patients were included that compared cervical and thoracic EGA. Anastomotic leak was seen more commonly in the cervical group (13.64 %) than in the thoracic group (2.96 %). Pooled analysis demonstrated a significantly increased incidence of anastomotic leak in the cervical group (pooled odds ratio = 4.73; 95 % CI 1.61–13.9; P = 0.005).

Conclusions

A tailored surgical approach to the patient’s physiology and esophageal cancer stage is the most important factor that influences anastomotic integrity after esophagectomy.     

Association Between Preoperative Depression and Readmission Rate Following Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BackgroundTo date, no meta-analysis of the relationship between hospital readmission after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and preoperative depression has been conducted. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association of preoperative depression with the readmission rate following TJA.MethodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for studies published before March 28, 2021, which compared readmission rates in patients with or without preoperative depression who underwent TJA. The primary outcome was the relationship between preoperative depression and 30-day and 90-day readmission rates after TJA. We also performed surgery type subgroup analyses for total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty (TKA), total shoulder arthroplasty, and total ankle arthroplasty.ResultsWe included 9 studies with 395,815 TJA cases, of which 49,402 were diagnosed with preoperative depression and 346,413 were not. In pooled TJA analysis, the 30-day and 90-day readmission rates were significantly higher in the depression group than in the no-depression group (odds ratio [OR] 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-2.73, P = .002 and OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.14-1.43,; P < .001, respectively). In the subgroup analyses, the 90-day readmission rate was higher in the depression group than in the no-depression group after TKA (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.15-1.42, P < .001). There were no differences in other surgery types.ConclusionBased on available evidence, preoperative depression increases the readmission rate after TJA, particularly TKA. As depression is a modifiable risk factor, screening for depression and referring patients for proper psychiatric management are important.Level of EvidenceLevel III, meta-analysis.     

De Novo Inflammatory Bowel Disease Following Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Obesity Surgery - The incidence of both obesity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally. The influence of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) upon IBD development is largely unknown....     

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies Reporting Potency Rates After Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy

Background

Although the initial robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) series showed 12-mo potency rates ranging from 70% to 80%, the few available comparative studies did not permit any definitive conclusion about the superiority of this technique when compared with retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP).

Objectives

The aims of this systematic review were (1) to evaluate the current prevalence and the potential risk factors of erectile dysfunction after RARP, (2) to identify surgical techniques able to improve the rate of potency recovery after RARP, and (3) to perform a cumulative analysis of all available studies comparing RARP versus RRP or LRP.

Evidence acquisition

A literature search was performed in August 2011 using the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Only comparative studies or clinical series including >100 cases reporting potency recovery outcomes were included in this review. Cumulative analysis was conducted using Review Manager v.4.2 software designed for composing Cochrane Reviews (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK).

Evidence synthesis

We analyzed 15 case series, 6 studies comparing different techniques in the context of RARP, 6 studies comparing RARP with RRP, and 4 studies comparing RARP with LRP. The 12- and 24-mo potency rates ranged from 54% to 90% and from 63% to 94%, respectively. Age, baseline potency status, comorbidities index, and extension of the nerve-sparing procedure represent the most relevant preoperative and intraoperative predictors of potency recovery after RARP. Available data seem to support the use of cautery-free dissection or the use of pinpointed low-energy cauterization. Cumulative analyses showed better 12-mo potency rates after RARP in comparison with RRP (odds ratio [OR]: 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46–5.43; p = 0.002). Only a nonstatistically significant trend in favor of RARP was reported after comparison with LRP (OR: 1.89; p = 0.21).

Conclusions

The incidence of potency recovery after RARP is influenced by numerous factors. Data coming from the present systematic review support the use of a cautery-free technique. This update of previous systematic reviews of the literature showed, for the first time, a significant advantage in favor of RARP in comparison with RRP in terms of 12-mo potency rates.     

Hand-Sewn Versus Stapled Esophagogastric Anastomosis in the Neck: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

The application of cervical esophagogastric anastomoses was of great concern. However, between circular stapler (CS) and hand-sewn (HS) methods with anastomosis in the neck, which one has better postoperative effects still puzzles surgeons. This study aims to systematically evaluate the effectiveness, security, practicality, and applicability of CS compared with the HS method for the esophagogastric anastomosis after esophageal resection. A systematic literature search, as well as other additional resources, was performed which was completed in January 2013. The relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the surgical technique for esophageal resection were included. Trial data was reviewed and extracted independently by two reviewers. The quality of the included studies was assessed by the recommended standards basing on Cochrane handbook 5.1.0, and the data was analyzed via RevMan 5 software (version 5.2.0). Nine studies with 870 patients were included. The results showed that in comparing HS to CS methods with cervical anastomosis, no significant differences were found in the risk of developing anastomotic leakages (relative risk (RR) = 1.30, 95 % confidence intervals (CI) 0.87–1.92, p = 0.20), as well as the anastomosis stricture (RR = 0.97, 95 % CI 0.47–1.99, p = 0.93), postoperative mortality (RR = 0.83, 95 % CI 0.43–1.58, p = 0.57), blood loss (mean difference (MD) = 39.68; 95 % CI −6.97, 86.33; p = 0.10) and operative time (MD = 18.05; 95 % CI −3.22, 39.33; p = 0.10). However, the results also illustrated that the CS methods with cervical anastomosis might be less time-consuming and have shorter hospital stay and higher costs. Based upon this meta-analysis, there were no differences in the postoperative outcomes between HS and CS techniques. And the ideal technique of cervical esophagogastric anastomosis following esophagectomy remains under controversy.     

Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the short-term and pathological outcomes of laparoscopic surgery (LS) versus open surgery (OS) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) for rectal cancer.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Biomedicine Literature databases were searched for eligible studies published up to July 2013. The rates of postoperative complication, positive circumferential resection margin (CRM), and the number of lymph nodes harvested were evaluated.

Results

Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and five non-RCTs enrolling 953 patients were included. Compared to OS, LS had similar rate of postoperative complication [odds ratio (OR) 0.86; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.60 to 1.22], comparable rate of positive CRM (OR 0.41; 95 % CI, 0.16 to 1.02), and smaller number of lymph nodes (weighted mean difference ?0.8; 95 % CI, ?1.1 to ?0.5). LS also had significantly less blood loss, faster bowel movement recovery, and shorter postoperative hospitalization than those of OS.

Conclusion

LS is associated with favorable short-term benefits, similar postoperative complication rate, and comparable pathological outcomes for rectal cancer after NCRT compared to OS despite a slight difference in the number of lymph nodes. Additional high-quality studies are needed to validate long-term outcomes of LS following NCRT.     

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Comparing Pancreaticoduodenectomy Versus Limited Resection for Duodenal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Purpose

This study was designed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent limited resection (LR) versus pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify studies analyzing the clinical outcomes of LR and PD for duodenal GISTs.

Results

Eleven studies were included, of which 7 that compared 162 patients who underwent LR versus 98 patients who underwent PD were suitable for meta-analysis. Patients who underwent PD were more likely to have tumors which were large (≥ 5 cm) [76.0 vs. 36.6 %, odds ratio (OR) 5.49, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.8–16.76], with high mitotic count ≥5/50 high-power field (HPF) (33.7 vs. 18.5 %, OR 2.23, 95 % CI 1.22–4.08), classified as high risk (60.3 vs. 32.0 %, OR 3.23, 95 % CI 1.65–6.34), and which were located at D2 (80.5 vs. 28.6 %, OR 10.33, 95 % CI 5.22–20.47) compared with LR. PD was associated with a higher postoperative morbidity rate than LR [48.3 vs. 20.7 %, relative risk (RR) 2.34, 95 % CI 1.61–3.42]. LR was not associated with an increased local recurrence rate, had a better DFS [hazard ratio (HR) 2.07, 95 % CI 1.07–4.01], and lower rate of distant metastasis (8.9 vs. 25.8 %, OR 0.28, 95 % CI 0.13–0.59) compared with PD.

Conclusions

LR should be the procedure of choice for duodenal GIST whenever technically feasible, because it is associated with good oncologic outcomes and lower morbidity compared with PD. The oncologic outcome of GIST is more likely to be dependent on tumor biology rather that the type of surgical resection. The use of Imatinib in patients with duodenal GIST may potentially allow a proportion of patients who would otherwise require a PD to undergo LR instead.     

Exercise Following Bariatric Surgery: Systematic Review

The contribution of physical activity on the degree of weight loss following bariatric surgery is unclear. To determine impact of exercise on postoperative weight loss. Medline search (1988–2009) was completed using MeSH terms including bariatric procedures and a spectrum of patient factors with potential relationship to weight loss outcomes. Of the 934 screened articles, 14 reported on exercise and weight loss outcomes. The most commonly used instruments to measure activity level were the Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and a variety of self-made questionnaires. The definition of an active patient varied but generally required a minimum of 30 min of exercise at least 3 days per week. Thirteen articles reported on exercise and degree of postoperative weight loss (n?=?4,108 patients). Eleven articles found a positive association of exercise on postoperative weight loss, and two did not. Meta-analysis of three studies revealed a significant increase in 1-year postoperative weight loss (mean difference = 4.2% total body mass index (BMI) loss, 95% confidence interval (CI; 0.26–8.11)) for patients who exercise postoperatively. Exercise following bariatric surgery appears to be associated with a greater weight loss of over 4% of BMI. While a causal relationship cannot be established with observational data, this finding supports the continued efforts to encourage and support patients’ involvement in post-surgery exercise. Further research is necessary to determine the recommended activity guidelines for this patient population.     

腹腔镜与开腹输卵管吻合术后妊娠率的比较

目的探讨腹腔镜输卵管吻合术治疗输卵管绝育术后或单纯输卵管堵塞不孕症的妊娠结局。方法2006年1月-2013年8月,48例要求输卵管吻合术治疗的输卵管绝育术后或单纯输卵管峡部堵塞性不孕症患者,按患者就诊顺序依次进入腹腔镜组和开腹组（各24例）,2组均为20例绝育术后,4例不孕症。对2组吻合成功率及术后妊娠情况等进行比较。结果所有手术均顺利完成,术中双侧输卵管均通畅。术后2年妊娠率腹腔镜组高于开腹组[87．5％（21／24）vs．62．5％（15／24）,x2=4．000,P=0．046]。结论腹腔镜输卵管吻合术的手术成功率与开腹手术相当,而术后妊娠率高于开腹组,且手术创伤小,有广阔的应用空间。     

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Survival and Surgical Outcomes Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer

Introduction  

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to characterize the surgically important benefits and complications associated with the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of both resectable and initially unresectable pancreatic cancer. Studies were identified through a systematic literature search and analyzed by two independent reviewers. Survival, peri-operative complications, death rate, pancreatic fistula rate, and the incidence of involved surgical margins were analyzed and subject to meta-analysis.