慢性心力衰竭患者QRS时间延长的临床意义

目的评价慢性心力衰竭患者心电图QRS时间延长的临床意义。方法将入选的620例慢性心力衰竭患者按QRS时间分为≥120ms组（n=120）和〈120ms组（n=500）,比较两组患者QRS时间与左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室短轴缩短分数（LVFS）、NYHA心功能分级、左心房左心室大小、二尖瓣反流、左心室壁厚度和住院死亡率。结果①≥120ms组QRS时间（143±21）ms,〈120ms组为（89±12）ms;②〈120ms组LVEF及LVFS分别为（47．02±16．13）％、（22.85±10．34）％,均较≥120ms组（37．00±13.91）％和（15．65±8．83）％大（P〈0．01）;⑨两组患者NYHA心功能分级差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;④≥120ms组左心房内径、左心室舒张末期内径较〈120ms组大（P〈005或001）;⑧≥120ms组二尖瓣反流率（82．1％）较〈120ms组（67．5％）高;⑧两组患者左心室壁厚度和住院死亡率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论心电图QRS时间可作为判断慢性心力衰竭患者病情的一项指标。     

Is Wider Worse? QRS Duration Predicts Cardiac Mortality in Patients with Right Bundle Branch Block

Background: Increasing QRS duration may be of prognostic significance in patients with right bundle branch block (RBBB) and may assist in predicting overall cardiovascular risk. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we examined the Computerized Patient Records of patients with complete and persistent RBBB. Primary and secondary end points were all‐cause and cardiac mortality. The effects of QRS duration on death rates were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model (P < 0.05). We identified 52,852 patients with EKGs and selected all those with diagnosis of RBBB (QRS ≥ 120 ms) between January 2000 and January 2004. Some patients had EKG records confirming RBBB since 1987. The QRS durations were categorized into four groups: 120–129, 130–139, 140–149, and ≥ 150 ms. Results: A total of 997 (1.9%) patients (mean age 68.9 ± 10 years) with RBBB were followed for 1–226 (median 45) months. All‐cause mortality occurred in 344 (34.5%), cardiac deaths in 59 (5.9%), noncardiac in 191 (19.2%), and unknown causes in 94 (9.4%) patients. Mean left ventricular EF for cardiac patients was 38 ± 15%. In patients with cardiac deaths, QRS duration was associated with increased morality (P < 0.007). For every 10 ms increase in QRS duration, the risk of death rose by 26.6%. The effect of QRS duration on all cause mortality was not statistically significant (P < 0.43). Conclusion: Increasing QRS duration was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality in patients with RBBB, but had no influence on all‐cause mortality. QRS duration has added prognostic information to the presence of right bundle branch block.     

The Prognosis for Patients Referred with Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction

ABSTRACT. Engby B, Strunge P, Olsen J. (Department of Internal Medicine, Horsens Hospital, Horsens, Denmark.) The prognosis for patients referred with suspected acute myocardial infarction. A follow-up investigation of the prognosis of 381 patients admitted with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been carried out in respect of later AMI or death. During hospitalization the patients were divided into groups with particular attention to patients with no demonstrable myocardial infarction but with ischaemic heart disease (non-AMI) and patients with confirmed AMI. All patients were subjected to follow-up for 43 months (range 37–54). The mortality from cardiovascular causes after four years was 26.2% of 130 non-AMI patients and 25.8% of AMI patients. The majority of new infarctions were found in the AMI patients, but with even increase in both groups, 50% occurring within the first 12 months. The groups were studied with regard to earlier manifestations of ischaemic heart disease and heart failure during hospitalization, without any difference being observed. Due to the poor prognosis the question is raised whether non-AMI patients as a group should be offered prophylactic therapy.     

QRS时间对非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者左主干或三支病变的预测作用

目的测定非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合症患者的心电图QRS时间,通过与冠状动脉造影对比,判断其对左主干／三支病变诊断的指导作用。方法对比106例非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合症患者的体表心电图QRS时间,并与冠状动脉造影结果比较。结果QRS时间和左主干／三支病变具有相关性（OR=904,P〈0．01）,QRS时间／〉90ms预测左主干／三支病变的敏感性为88％,特异性为88％。结论QRS时间增宽可作为非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合症患者左主干／三支病变的预测因子。     

Correlation of Mechanical Dyssynchrony with QRS Duration Measured by Signal‐Averaged Electrocardiography

Background: Preimplantation left ventricular dyssynchrony is considered a prerequisite for a beneficial response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, electrical dyssynchrony estimated by QRS duration (QRSd) on ECG has not been proven to be an optimal surrogate of mechanical dyssynchrony. We evaluated the correlation of mechanical dyssynchrony with QRSd as measured by signal‐averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) in comparison with measurements based on conventional surface ECG and with onscreen measurements based on digital ECG. Methods: We included 49 consecutive patients with decompensated heart failure (40 men, aged 66.8 ± 9.5 years), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II–IV, and LVEF ≤ 40%. QRSd was calculated by manual measurement of 12‐lead ECG, on‐screen measurement of computer‐based ECG, and calculation of total ventricular activation time on SAECG. Results: Only 60.4% of the studied patients had QRS ≥ 120 ms based on measurements derived by SAECG compared to 69.4% by using on‐screen measurement of computer‐based ECG and 73.5% based on surface ECG (P = 0.041). Interventricular but not intraventricular delay was correlated with QRSd. The correlation of interventricular dyssynchrony with QRSd was stronger when measured by SAECG than by surface ECG (r = 0.45, P = 0.001 vs r = 0.35, P < 0.01). Among patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, no significant correlation was demonstrated between mechanical dyssynchrony and QRSd. In nonischemic patients, interventricular delay was significantly correlated with QRSd measured by surface ECG (r = 0.45, P < 0.05) and SAECG (r = 0.46, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The use of SAECG results in different patient classification in wide QRS complex category as compared to surface ECG. Furthermore, QRSd measured by SAECG is correlated with interventricular but not intraventricular dyssynchrony in heart failure patients.     

QRS记分与陈旧性心肌梗死左室功能的关系

为评价常规心电图ＱＲＳ记分与陈旧性心肌梗死者左室功能的关系，我们对５２例陈旧性心肌梗死者的ＱＲＳ记分与平衡法核素血池测得的ＬＶＥＦ，ＰＥＲ，ＰＥＲ，１／３ＥＦ，１／３ＦＲ，１／３ＥＲ，１／３ＥＦ进行相关分析，发现ＱＲＳ记分不仅与反映收缩功能的ＬＶＥＦ，ＰＥＲ，１／３ＥＦ，１／３ＥＲ明显负相关，而且与反映舒张功能的ＰＥＲ，１／３ＦＲ，１／３ＥＦ明显负相关，结果提示ＱＲＳ记分可用于估测陈旧性心肌梗死的     

碎裂QRS波在评价心血管病死亡风险中的作用研究进展

心脏性猝死是心血管疾病患者死亡的主要原因之一。心脏性猝死的早期预测对其防治十分重要。碎裂QRS波是一个全新的概念,其不仅是陈旧性心肌梗死心电图诊断指标之一,而且对心肌梗死的全因死亡率也有重要的预测价值。最近研究表明碎裂QRS波是心律失常性右室心肌病、Brugada综合征、非缺血性心肌病的重要心电图指标,是心肌存在较严重病理生理异常的标志,将其用于心脏性猝死危险分层具有明显的优点,对心血管疾病高危患者的检出和预警方面有重要的临床应用价值。     

Reliability and Reproducibility of QRS Duration in the Selection of Candidates for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Reliability and Reproducibility of QRS Duration . Background: A QRS >120 ms remains the recommended criterion for the selection of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) candidates. However, the reproducibility of this measurement has not been studied thoroughly. Methods: QRS duration was measured by 3 experienced cardiologists and by automatic measurement on 228 electrocardiograms (ECGs) randomly collected from 188 subjects, including neonates, healthy adults, patients with complete and incomplete bundle branch block, and CRT candidates. All ECGs were recorded at a 25 mm/s sweep speed. Forty recordings were duplicated and 50 ECGs were recorded at both 25 and 50 mm/s. Results: Significant interobserver differences (P < 0.001) were found between each combination of paired observers, with an up to 50‐ms absolute variability between cardiologists and low concordance with computerized measurements. Intraobserver absolute variability was also significant (P < 0.01) for the 3 observers. These significant differences persisted (P < 0.01) when focusing our interest on the ECGs in the 100–140 ms range (defined as at least one out of the 4 measures in this range). Considering the 120 ms limit, 22 (27.5%) ECGs were differently classified by at least one of the cardiologists. We observed similar interobserver differences between each combination of paired observers with a 50 mm/s sweep speed. Conclusion: Manual QRS duration measurements were associated with significant inter‐ and intraobserver variability and low concordance with computerized measurements. The measurement of QRS is, therefore, operator‐dependent and a reevaluation of the measurement methods may be essential to develop clinical and investigative standards. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 890‐892, August 2010)     

碎裂QRS波与急性心肌梗死血管再通的研究

目的通过观察急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行急性血管再通及未行血管再通治疗的心电图碎裂QRS波(Fragmented QRS complex,fQ RS)变化,探讨fQ RS评估急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死血管再通的临床价值。方法观察急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行急诊溶栓、行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention,PCI)血管再通患者、未行急诊血管再通治疗患者心电图fQ RS发生率。结果 STEMI溶栓后冠脉血管再通组fQ RS波发生率明显低于未通组(p0.01);STEMI行急诊PCI后fQ RS波发生率明显低于未行急诊PCI组(p0.01);STEMI行急诊PCI术前组与术后组fQ RS发生率比较无明显差异(p0.05)。结论碎裂QRS波对评估急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死冠脉血管再通具有重要临床价值。     

左心室收缩功能不全并完全性左束支传导阻滞QRS时间与左心室质量的关系研究

目的 探讨收缩功能不全并完全性左束支传导阻滞患者QRS时间与左心室质量的关系. 方法 将57例左心室收缩功能不全并完全性左束支传导阻滞患者按QRS时间分为120～160ms(观察组,n=42)及>160ms(对照组,n=15)两组.常规超声心动描记术计算左心室质量.观察两组ORS时间与左心室质量的关系. 结果 两组患者左心室质量分别为(220.68±87.26)g、(322.46±92.69)g,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01).QRS时间与左心室质量呈正相关(r=0.28,P<0.05). 结论 收缩功能不全并完全性左束支传导阻滞患者QRS间期延长反映左心室质量增加.