库血复温输血对失血性休克兔肠系膜微循环的影响

目的 探讨库血复温输血对失血性休克兔肠系膜微循环的影响。方法 将30只新西兰兔随机分成两组，建立失血性休克模型。一组采用低温（4℃）输血，另一组采用复温（37℃）输血，分别观测肠系膜微循环的变化。结果 复温输血组与低温输血组相比较。肠系膜微动脉管径，微静脉管径显著增大（P〈0．001），微动脉血流速度和微静脉血流速度明显增快（P〈0．005），毛细血管血流流态由线流变为线粒流。结论 复温输血对改善肠系膜微循环。并对因输血引起的多器官损害具有一定作用。     

控制性深低温对家兔血液流变性的影响

目的 通过建立低温家兔模型,探讨低温对家兔血液流变性的影响及其作用机制.方法 20只家兔随机分为2组,每组10只,分别设为对照组和降温组.所有家兔经3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉作气管切开插管后接呼吸机控制呼吸,然后静脉注入芬太尼、哌库溴胺加深麻醉;采用体表降温法将降温组家兔体温降至(25±1)℃,维持3 h.实验组于降温前、深低温、复温开始、复温至37℃时各采动脉血测定血液流变学各项指标.结果 降温组在鼻咽温度从36℃降至25℃后,全血黏度高、中、低切及全血还原黏度低切与降温前比较明显升高(P＜0.05),且低温持续过程中变化不大;复温后高、中、低切全血黏度及全血还原黏度低切显著降低(P＜0.05),与对照组比较,无统计学差异(P＞0.05).降温、低温及复温过程中血浆黏度和HCT变化不明显.结论 低温对家兔血液流变性有明显的影响,主要表现在各种切变率下全血黏度明显升高.     

三种脑缺血大鼠模型的血液流变学比较

目的对三种脑缺血大鼠模型的血液流变学(全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞比容、红细胞变形指数)进行比较,筛选出血液流变学变化明显的符合临床特征的脑缺血模型。方法选择线栓法大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)大鼠模型、双侧颈总动脉(DCCA)结扎大鼠模型、单侧颈总动脉(SCCA)结扎大鼠模型三种脑缺血模型,进行脑缺血后1、3、5、7 d不同时间点血液流变学的比较。结果MCAO组、DCCA组、SCCA组与正常组大鼠的血液流变学比较均存在统计学差异(P<0.05);不同时间点血液流变学结果显示:MCAO组内全血黏度值指标第3 d为最高值(19.29±2.996)mPa.s/5s-1,且第3 d血浆黏度值(1.81±0.348)mPa.s、红细胞比容(47.5±5.28)%为模型组间最高值;MCAO组大鼠红细胞变形指数(0.47±0.017)较正常组及SCCA组、DCCA组大鼠均有明显降低,但仅MCAO组大鼠在1、5 d红细胞变形指数较正常组比较有差异(P<0.05)。但三组模型大鼠血液流变学统计学比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论在三种脑缺血模型中,大脑中动脉阻塞模型为最接近临床发病特征的、血液流变学变化明显的脑缺血模型。     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的血液流变学指标变化及与病程相关性

本文报道慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)患者血液流变学指标变化及其与患病时间的关系,结果表明CRS组全血表观黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数较健康对照组(NC组)升高(P<0.05);CRS患者患病时间与高、中、低切变率全血表观黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞聚集指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。为分析CRS血流变改变提供参考。     

浅低温对人工关节置换术患者血液流变学的影响

目的 研究浅低温对人工关节置换术患者血液流变学的影响。方法 选择人工关节置换术患者56例，随机分为两组：降温组和常温组。降温组采用物理方法使其鼻咽温度降至33—35℃，常温组保持鼻咽温度在36—37℃。测定下列血液流变学指标：红细胞比容(HCT)、全血还原黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞变形指数。结果 降温组全血还原黏度明显升高，其它指标和常温组所测各指标则无显著性变化。结论 浅低温可引起血液黏度增高，有利于深静脉血栓形成。     

绞股蓝对高胆固醇饲料饲养兔的血液流变学和C反应蛋白异常的干预研究

目的研究绞股蓝对高胆固醇饲料饲养兔血液流变学和C反应蛋白(C-reactionprotein,CRP)异常的干预作用并探讨其机制。方法40只日本大耳白兔随机分为A组、B组、C组、E组,分别喂饲高胆固醇饲(标准饲料92.5% 2%胆固醇 2%蛋黄 3.5%猪油) 绞股蓝5g/kg、高胆固醇饲料 辛伐他汀5mg/kg、高胆固醇饲料、标准饲料。实验前和实验后6、9周检测甘油三酯(triacylglycer-ol,TG)、胆固醇(cholesterin,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoproteincholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoproteincholesterol,HDL-C)、血液流变学(以全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数为观测指标)、CRP。结果①血液流变学A组、B组、C组全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数随饲养时间延长渐升,饲养后与饲养前比较有显著差异(P(0.05~0.01),饲养后A组血液流变学指标优于B组,比较有显著差异(P(0.05),优于C组,比较有显著差异(P(0.01);②CRPA组、B组、C组随饲养时间延长渐升,与饲养前比较有显著差异(P(0.01),饲养后A组、B组与C组比较有显著差异(P(0.01),B组CRP高于A组,统计学处理无差异(P(0.05);③TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-CA组、B组、C组随饲养时间延长,TG、TC、LDL-C渐升,A组、B组HDL-C渐升,与饲养前比较有显著性差异(P(0.05~0.01),A组和B组低于C组(P<0.05~0.01),A组TG、HDL-C、LDL-C效果优于B组(P<0.05),B组TC效果优于A组(P<0.05)。结论绞股蓝对高胆固醇饲料饲养兔血液流变学与CRP异常的有干预作用。     

视网膜动脉阻塞患者血液流变性变化分析

目的:探讨视网膜动脉阻塞(RAO)患者血液流变性变化。方法:用血液流变学技术和方法测定RAO患者(RAO组,男20例,女10例)血液流变学8项指标,经与健康对照组(男、女各30例)比较后,再行不同性别RAO患者血流变指标分析。结果:RAO组全血表观粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞刚性指数明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。血沉和血沉方程K值无明显差异(P>0.05)。男性RAO患者全血表观粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积和血沉显著高于女性患者(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:血液流变学指标异常升高可能在RAO中起重要作用。     

正常淋巴液对大鼠血液流变性异常的干预作用

目的观察外源性正常淋巴液对高分子右旋糖酐(Dextran500)致大鼠血液流变性异常的干预作用。方法Wistar雄性大鼠30只,随机分为淋巴液组、模型组和对照组,静注10%Dextran500(10ml/kg·bw)复制急性血液流变性异常模型(对照组以等量生理盐水代替)。6min后,淋巴液组自颈静脉缓慢推注肠淋巴液(全血量的1/15),其它两组以等量生理盐水代替。40min后,观察血液流变学指标及红细胞流变学指标的变化。结果模型组全血黏度、全血相对黏度、血浆黏度、Hct、ESR、红细胞电泳时间显著高于对照组(P<0.05~0.01);模型组和淋巴液组红细胞电泳率、细胞迁移率显著低于对照组(P<0.01);淋巴液组全血相对黏度、Hct、ESR、红细胞电泳时间、红细胞变形指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05~0.01),且全血黏度、全血相对黏度、全血还原黏度显著低于模型组,红细胞变形指数均显著高于模型组和对照组(P<0.05~0.01)。结论外源性正常淋巴液能明显改善Dextran500所致的急性血液流变性异常。     

烧伤患者休克期后的血液流变学改变及爱维治的治疗作用

目的观察烧伤患者休克期后的血液流变学改变及爱维治的治疗作用。方法30例男性烧伤患者,伤后5d随机分为爱维治治疗组和常规治疗组。爱维治用法为1600mg,静滴,1次/d,连续10d,测定治疗前后血流变学指标;正常对照组为15例健康查体者。结果烧伤患者休克期后高切、中切全血黏度、血浆黏度、血沉(ESR)及血沉方程K值、红细胞变形指数(TK)、刚性指数(IR)均显著高于对照组。应用爱维治后,高切全血黏度、还原高切全血黏度、TK、IR均有明显改善;而常规治疗组仅血浆黏度低于治疗前。结论烧伤患者于休克期后血液流变学明显异常,爱维治有明显改善作用。     

失血性休克家兔血液粘度变化及β-七叶皂甙钠的保护作用

目的 :研究失血性休克时的血液粘度变化 ,寻求起保护作用的药物。方法 :采用家兔失血性休克模型 ,测定休克前后的血液粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积。结果 :单纯休克组休克后 1 0min、30min、60min家兔血液粘度逐渐升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而 β -七叶皂甙钠组在休克后 1 0min、30min的血液粘度无明显升高 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,休克后 60min其血液粘度亦明显低于单纯休克组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :失血性休克后家兔血液粘度明显升高 ,而 β -七叶皂甙钠能明显降低血液粘度 ,对综合治疗失血性休克有临床意义。     

Effects of Blood on Blood Culture Medium

The morphological and biochemical changes that occur after inoculation of sterile blood into a blood culture medium (tryptic soy broth) with sodium polyanetholesulfonate and CO(2) were investigated. Cellular changes, pH, PCO(2), and PO(2) were monitored and evaluated. Erythrocytes became crenated and developed precipitated hemoglobin inclusions within 4 h. The lymphocytes appeared morphologically intact at 24 h, and by 48 h a few cells had undergone transformation. Many neutrophils were vacuolated at 24 h. Neutrophils capable of phagocytizing Staphylococcus aureus were observed after 18 h of incubation. Identifiable eosinophiles were present on day 6 of the study. A decrease in PO(2) in the unvented bottles from 44.4 to 8 mm of Hg occurred by 24 h. PO(2) remained low for 6 days, after which a slight increase occurred. An increase in PO(2) in the vented bottle from 51 to 58 mm of Hg occurred by 24 h of incubation. In both the vented and unvented bottles the PCO(2) increased. This increase was markedly more rapid in the unvented bottle. From a pH of 7.06 a decrease occurred for the first 24 h after inoculation, with the pH stabilizing at 6.8 in the vented bottles and at 6.6 in the unvented bottles. The biochemical changes that occurred in the vented culture bottles stabilized more rapidly than those of the unvented bottles. Changes caused by the addition of sterile blood to a blood culture medium resulted in conditions which departed considerably from accepted optima for the isolation of clinically important microorganisms. The phagocytosis of organisms that occurred may also have reduced the yield.     

Blood Transfusion,Blood Storage and Immunomodulation

Allogeneic blood transfusion is the most frequent allotransplantation procedure performed on a routine basis with no prior HLA-typing. Roughly 50% of the recipients of unprocessed red cells and platelets become alloimmunized. Evidence also exists for some degree of transfusion-induced immunosuppression. Prior transfusion has been shown to enhance kidney transplant survival and evidence of an increase in tumor recurrence and of infectious complications has also been presented. The presence of donor antigen-presenting cells appears to be a prerequisite for alloimmunization and they must be both viable and capable of presenting a costimulatory signal in order to induce IL-2 secretion and proliferation of responding CD4 T cells. APCs presenting antigen but no costimulatory signal can induce non-responsiveness in CD4 T cells, a possible mechanism of transfusion-induced immunosuppression. APCs in refrigerated blood continue to present antigen but progressively lose their ability to provide costiraulation. By day 14 costimulatory capacity is absent and transfusion of such blood should not alloimmunize but could induce some degree of immunosuppression. Further refrigerated storage in excess of 2 to 3 weeks leads to induction of apoptosis in contaminating leukocytes. We have found that alloantigens expressed on such cells do not appear to be recognized by responder T cells and transfusion of blood stored in excess of 3 weeks should neither alloimmunize nor immunosuppress.     

高血压病患者血脂、血糖与血压关系的研究

目的:探讨高血压病患者血脂、血糖与血压的相关性。方法:测定482例高血压病患者和100例健康人Cho-C、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、apoA、apoB、血糖(BS)以及血压(SBP、DBP),并进行统计学分析。结果:高血压组Cho-C、TG、LDL-C、BS明显升高(P<0.05~0.01);Cho-C与BS呈明显正相关(P<0.05);TG与BS、SBP、DBP呈明显正相关(P<0.05~0.01);BS与SBP呈明显正相关(P<0.05)。结论:高血压病患者存在脂代谢及糖代谢异常。TG与血糖水平及血压均呈正相关。