早期康复护理对脑梗死偏瘫失语患者的影响

目的对脑梗死偏瘫失语患者应用早期康复护理的效果进行探讨。方法选取本院2016年3月～2017年4月间收治的98例脑梗死偏瘫失语患者为研究对象,将其随机分成两组,每组49例。观察组给予早期康复护理干预,对照组给予常规护理干预。比较两组护理干预效果。结果观察组的治疗总有效率(95.92%)明显高于对照组(73.47%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的运动、生活、语言功能评分均优于对照组(P0.05);观察组的护理满意度(97.96%)明显高于对照组(79.59%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论临床上对脑梗死偏瘫失语患者实施早期康复护理干预,可有效改善患者的语言功能,同时对运动及日常生活功能的改善也有积极的影响,值得临床推广。     

早期综合康复护理对脑梗死偏瘫患者的疗效观察

目的探讨早期综合康复护理对脑梗死偏瘫患者肢体运动功能及日常生活能力的影响。方法将86例脑梗死患者按随机数字表法分为2组,观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组给予脑梗死常规治疗,康复训练及护理;观察组在对照组常规治疗及护理的基础上,予以早期综合康复干预。治疗1、3个月后,对2组患者肢体运动功能（FMA）恢复状况及日常生活活动（ADL）能力Barthel指数的变化进行比较。结果治疗后观察组的FMA及Bar-thel指数均高于对照组（均P〈0.05）。结论早期综合康复护理干预可提高脑梗死偏瘫患者运动功能恢复及日常生活能力。     

早期康复护理对糖尿病性脑梗死偏瘫患者肢体功能恢复的影响

目的分析和研究早期康复护理对糖尿病性脑梗死偏瘫患者肢体功能恢复的影响。方法将2011年6月~2013年12月的糖尿病性脑梗死偏瘫患者96例随机分为2组,观察组48例与对照组各48例。对照组患者给予常规护理;观察组患者在常规护理基础上加用早期康复护理干预,将2组患者治疗结束后的肢体功能恢复情况以及患者日常生活能力进行对比。结果观察组患者治疗后的运动功能评分、日常生活能力评分分别为（51.4±11.2）分、（58.6±12.8）分,均明显高于对照组的（38.7±8.6）分、（41.3±11.5）分（P〈0.05）,具有统计学意义。结论将早期康复护理应用于糖尿病性脑梗死偏瘫患者治疗中,能够有效改善患者肢体的运动功能,对提高患者预后效果及其生活质量均有重要作用。     

下肢康复机器人对脑梗死后下肢偏瘫患者康复的影响

目的 探讨下肢康复机器人对脑梗死后下肢偏瘫患者康复的影响。 方法 选取脑梗死后下肢偏瘫患者96例,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组48例。对照组患者接受常规康复治疗,观察组患者接受下肢康复机器人治疗,连续6周。采用简式Fugl-Meyer下肢运动量表评分、Berg平衡量表评分、Holden步行功能分级及改良Barthel指数对2组患者的下肢运动能力、平衡能力、步行能力及生活自理能力进行评定。 结果 治疗前,2组患者Fugl-Meyer下肢功能评分、Berg平衡评分、改良Barthel指数评分、Holden步行功能分级比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。与组内治疗前比较,2组患者治疗后上述指标均有所改善（P＜0.05）,且观察组治疗后Fugl-Meyer下肢功能评分［（18.45±4.62）分］、Berg平衡评分［（45.28±12.31）分］、改良Barthel指数评分［（68.91±18.）分］均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后观察组Holden步行功能分级优于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 下肢康复机器人可有效改善脑梗死后下肢偏瘫患者的运动能力、平衡能力及生活质量。     

35例脑卒中偏瘫患者早期康复护理训练对瘫肢功能恢复的效果观察

目的探讨脑卒中偏瘫患者接受早期康复护理训练后肢体运动功能的恢复效果.方法将70例脑卒中偏瘫患者,分为观察组和对照组(各35例),对观察组实施早期康复护理训练.结果经早期康复护理训练后,2组肢体运动功能及日常生活能力的差别具有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论早期实施康复护理训练,有利于提高运动功能和生活活动能力.     

认知干预、早期康复及延续护理在脑梗死偏瘫患者优质护理服务中的应用

目的探讨认知干预、早期康复及延续护理在脑梗死偏瘫患者优质护理服务中的应用效果。方法选取本院2016年1~12月收治的120例脑梗死偏瘫患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为观察组及对照组,每组各60例,观察组给予优质护理服务,对照组给予常规性护理,比较两组患者的神经功能、肢体功能恢复情况以及护理满意度。结果观察组护理后的神经功能缺损评分低于对照组,肢体FMA评分和生活质量高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组在病情保证、护理及时性、操作设备、护理技能等方面的满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论认知干预、早期康复及延续护理在脑梗死偏瘫患者优质护理服务中的应用能促进患者的神经功能和运动功能恢复,改善患者的生活质量,提升护理满意度。     

早期运动康复护理对改善脑梗塞偏瘫患者肌力和运动功能的价值研究

目的研究早期运动康复护理对改善脑梗塞偏瘫患者肌力和运动功能的价值。方法选取2017年10月～2018年4月就诊于我院的脑梗塞偏瘫患者80例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组行常规护理,观察组行早期运动康复护理。比较两组肌力、运动功能评分、日常生活能力及护理满意度。结果观察组护理1月后的肌力高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组Fugl-Meyer评分及Barthel指数高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论早期运动康复护理可有效改善脑梗塞偏瘫患者的肌力和运动功能,增强患者的日常生活能力,提高患者满意度。     

早期康复护理对脑卒中偏瘫患者的影响

目的：探讨早期康复护理对脑卒中患者肢体功能恢复的影响。方法将100例脑卒中患者随机分为对照组和观察组各50例,2组患者给予神经内科常规治疗护理,观察组在此基础上同时实施早期康复护理1个月。于康复前及康复后应用Barthel指数评定日常生活活动能力（ ADL）,Fugl-Meyer（ FMA）评分法评定肢体运动功能,并对2组患者及家属对护理工作满意度比较。结果2组患者康复前后ADL、FMA评分均有一定程度改善,观察组优于对照组（P＆lt;0.05）。观察组患者及家属对护理工作满意度好于对照组（P＆lt;0.05）。结论早期康复护理可有效改善脑卒中患者肢体运动功能、提高患者日常生活活动能力和患者及家属满意度。     

康复功能锻炼在脑梗死失语患者中的应用

目的探讨三维发音功能康复锻炼法在脑梗死失语患者中的临床疗效。方法 74例脑梗死失语患者随机分为2组。对照组给予常规治疗及护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予三维发音功能康复锻炼。比较2组患者治疗后失语改善程度及治疗后ABC评分各项差异。结果治疗后2组患者在ABC评分各亚项有显著差异(P<0.05),治疗后观察组失语改善程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用三维发音功能康复锻炼能够有效改善患者失语程度,提高患者语言能力恢复情况。     

早期康复护理干预对脑卒中偏瘫患者肢体功能恢复的影响

目的探究早期康复护理对脑卒中后偏瘫患者肢体功能恢复的影响。方法选取2015～2017年我院收治的脑卒中偏瘫患者83例,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在常规护理基础上实施康复护理干预,对比两组日常生活能力及肢体运动功能。结果观察组日常生活能力及肢体运动功能评分情况明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论早期康复护理干预可有效改善脑卒中偏瘫引起的肢体功能障碍,提高患者日常生活自理能力。     

系统化盆底康复锻炼在产后康复训练中的应用效果

目的探究系统化盆底康复锻炼在产后康复训练中的应用效果。方法选取产后康复训练患者242例作为研究对象,对所有的患者进行随机分组,分为观察组、哑铃组和对照组,观察组选择系统化的盆底康复锻炼方法,包括电刺激、生物反馈以及阴道康复器锻炼;对照组选择常规的产后治疗方法进行治疗,哑铃组选择阴道康复器进行锻炼,所有的患者均于产后的42d进行,治疗结束后对患者的盆底肌力水平、盆底功能障碍恢复效果以及流行病学问卷等指标进行比较和分析。结果对照组患者的Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌纤维肌的疲劳程度显著高于观察组,肌纤维电压低于观察组,对照组患者的盆底肌力水平差于观察组,不同组患者的组间比较有显著的差异(P0.05);产后3个月各组患者的S+P发生率的组间比较无显著差异(P0.05);产后的3个月各组患者的SUI发生率以及产后的6个月各组患者的SUI、S+P发生率的组间比较均有显著差异(P0.05);各组产后患者指标比较,患者的SUI发生率3个月和6个月时间点哑铃组和观察组相比较无显著差异,但是均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);哑铃组患者和对照组患者产后6个月的S+P发生率均有显著高于观察组(P0.05),哑铃组患者和对照组患者产后6个月的S+P发生率比较无显著差异(P0.05)。结论系统性的盆底锻炼在产后康复训练中具有无创、无痛、方便锻炼、效果显著的特点,对恢复盆底肌的功能效果可靠,值得推广。     

产后综合康复护理对产妇产后抑郁及子宫康复的影响

目的：探究产后综合康复护理对产妇产后抑郁及子宫康复的影响。方法选取2013年1月至2014年1月在我院进行分娩的产妇120例作为研究对象,将产妇分为对照组和观察组,每组60例产妇,观察组产妇采用产后综合康复护理法进行护理,对照组产妇采用常规的护理法进行产后护理。观察两组护理方法对产妇产后抑郁及子宫康复情况的影响。结果对采用不同方法进行护理产妇产后抑郁和子宫康复情况进行比较,对照组产妇的抑郁率（70．00％）明显高于观察组产妇的抑郁率（30．00％）,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,观察组的子宫恢复良好率（70．00％）明显好于对照组的子宫恢复良好率（35．00％）,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论在对产妇进行产后护理时采用产后综合护理的方法可以降低产妇产后抑郁情况的发生,促进子宫的康复,能够提高产妇和婴儿的生活质量,值得在临床的护理工作中广泛推广应用。     

A comparison of a hospital-based and two home-based rehabilitation programmes

Purpose.?This paper compares the service models of three different types of rehabilitation programmes provided in Victoria, Australia: One hospital-based and two types of rehabilitation in the home (RITH).

Method.?Nine focus group interviews were conducted with multidisciplinary staff working in rehabilitation teams in one hospital-based and eight RITH programmes. Additional data were collected for 164 clients and 75 carers from eight of these programmes at admission, discharge and three months post discharge. Interviews were conducted with 32 clients and 14 carers.

Results.?The criteria for admission and model of rehabilitation adopted in the three programmes were similar. There were differences in programme aims, characteristics of the clients admitted and the type and level of therapy clients received, both between hospital and home-based programmes and between the three programmes. In general, staff and clients saw the home as providing a relevant context that enabled individualized, goal directed therapy for medically stable rehabilitation clients. The hospital offered an opportunity to socialize with others and specialized equipment.

Conclusions.?Results of this study suggest clients and carers require a mix of hospital and home-based rehabilitation that is able to respond to their needs and preferences at each phase of the rehabilitation continuum.     

A comparison of a hospital-based and two home-based rehabilitation programmes

Purpose. This paper compares the service models of three different types of rehabilitation programmes provided in Victoria, Australia: One hospital-based and two types of rehabilitation in the home (RITH).

Method. Nine focus group interviews were conducted with multidisciplinary staff working in rehabilitation teams in one hospital-based and eight RITH programmes. Additional data were collected for 164 clients and 75 carers from eight of these programmes at admission, discharge and three months post discharge. Interviews were conducted with 32 clients and 14 carers.

Results. The criteria for admission and model of rehabilitation adopted in the three programmes were similar. There were differences in programme aims, characteristics of the clients admitted and the type and level of therapy clients received, both between hospital and home-based programmes and between the three programmes. In general, staff and clients saw the home as providing a relevant context that enabled individualized, goal directed therapy for medically stable rehabilitation clients. The hospital offered an opportunity to socialize with others and specialized equipment.

Conclusions. Results of this study suggest clients and carers require a mix of hospital and home-based rehabilitation that is able to respond to their needs and preferences at each phase of the rehabilitation continuum.     

上海市康复医疗资源调查报告

目的:上海对本地区现有的康复医疗资源现状进行调研,为卫生行政部门启动康复医疗服务体系的试点工作提供科学循证的决策依据.方法:采用问卷和实地走访的方式调研,各单位在完成《上海市康复医疗资源调查表》填写后需加盖单位公章确认.结果:上海市共有463家医疗机构,其中180家(38.88％)设有康复医学科,31家(6.7％)设有康复病床,康复医师585人,康复治疗师754人.康复医师具有研究生及以上学历者占26.32％,康复治疗师具有研究生及以上学历者占3.71％.结论:目前上海康复从业人员数量和专业质量都未达到卫生部对康复医学科设置的基本标准,尤其康复人才匮乏凸显.多种形式多种渠道,规范培养康复人员非常紧迫.     

The work of rehabilitation

Purpose. To describe three years of activity of a rehabilitation unit and to make comparisons between clients who receive different levels of active rehabilitation.

Method. A retrospective study set in an inpatient rehabilitation facility located in Dunedin, New Zealand, examining 874 inpatient admissions over three financial years (2000 - 2002). Outcome measures include Functional Independence Scores (FIM) at admission and discharge, length of stay, weekly gains in FIM scores, and changes in FIM sub-scores.

Results. Assessment and rehabilitation patients made significant FIM gains in comparison to assessment only and social relief (respite care) patients. Assessment and rehabilitation patients showed greater gains in the Physical dimensions of the FIM in comparison to the Cognitive although this is probably a function of different scaling. Floor and ceiling effects were not present in the FIM.

Conclusions. The interdisciplinary rehabilitation program brings about real functional and cognitive gains in a range of patients as measured with the FIM. This adds to the considerable body of research which documents FIM gains and further provides evidence that physical and cognitive gains differ.     

The work of rehabilitation

Purpose.?To describe three years of activity of a rehabilitation unit and to make comparisons between clients who receive different levels of active rehabilitation.

Method.?A retrospective study set in an inpatient rehabilitation facility located in Dunedin, New Zealand, examining 874 inpatient admissions over three financial years (2000?–?2002). Outcome measures include Functional Independence Scores (FIM) at admission and discharge, length of stay, weekly gains in FIM scores, and changes in FIM sub-scores.

Results.?Assessment and rehabilitation patients made significant FIM gains in comparison to assessment only and social relief (respite care) patients. Assessment and rehabilitation patients showed greater gains in the Physical dimensions of the FIM in comparison to the Cognitive although this is probably a function of different scaling. Floor and ceiling effects were not present in the FIM.

Conclusions.?The interdisciplinary rehabilitation program brings about real functional and cognitive gains in a range of patients as measured with the FIM. This adds to the considerable body of research which documents FIM gains and further provides evidence that physical and cognitive gains differ.     

时间康复护理方案对脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者功能康复的影响

目的探讨时间康复护理方案在促进脑梗死后吞咽障碍功能恢复中的应用。方法将60例脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者分为观察组和对照组,对照组采用常规方案护理,观察组采用时间康复护理方案,比较2组的吞咽功能恢复情况及生活质量。结果观察组与对照组的总疗效分别为93.3%、73.3%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组护理后的藤氏吞咽障评分高于对照组,洼田饮水试验评分低于对照组,生活质量高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论时间康复护理方案能够促进脑梗死后吞咽障碍的功能恢复,改善患者的生活质量,方法简便,值得推广。     

环境和康复

人类的工作和行为必然与环境相关,环境是人类全部活动的一部分,环境是人们通过活动达到目的的途径。如果个人活动不适应人类的生存环境,它将不会长久存在。反之,如果不断关注与自己相关的环境,将会更加容易地达到活动的目的。环境在康复领域中的影响,很早就被关注到。康复中的环境包含了人类个体外在的全部因素,其分类方式较多。在康复评定中,针对环境有部分常用的评定方法。在康复治疗中,通过环境干预可以治疗疾病。     

烧伤的康复治疗

目的 :本文阐述了烧伤康复的基本方法。方法 :报告了872例经系统康复治疗的患者。结果 :再次入院手术率及致残率均显著下降 ,对照组与康复组分别为25%、11.2 %和4 %、1.7%(P<0.001)。结论 :康复效果明显优于未经系统康复治疗组的患者