中晚期卵巢癌术后顺铂腹腔联合紫杉醇静脉化疗的临床观察

目的:观察顺铂腹腔联合紫杉醇静脉化疗治疗中晚期卵巢癌术后患者的临床疗效和安全性.方法:回顾性分析我院2006-01-2009-12行细胞减灭术Ⅱ～Ⅳ期卵巢癌76例患者,顺铂腹腔联合紫杉醇静脉化疗36例为治疗组,并以同期行顺铂联合紫杉醇静脉化疗患者40例作为对照.比较两组患者无进展生存期(PFS)、生存率和不良反应.结果:治疗组PFS 27个月,对照组PFS 23个月,P＜0.05.治疗组1、2和3年生存率分别为97.22％(35/36)、94.44％(34/36)和88.88％(32/36),对照组1、2和3年生存率分别为95.00％(38/40)、90.00％(36/40)和77.50％(31/40).治化疗组呕吐及肾功能损伤低于对照组,而腹痛高于对照组.结论:顺铂腹腔联合紫杉醇静脉化疗治疗中晚期卵巢癌术后患者可延长患者PFS及生存率,毒副反应轻,值得临床应用.     

肿瘤细胞减灭术联合洛铂腹腔灌注化疗治疗ⅢC期上皮性卵巢癌的疗效及对患者血清肿瘤标志物的影响

目的 探讨肿瘤细胞减灭术联合洛铂腹腔灌注化疗治疗ⅢC期上皮性卵巢癌的疗效及对患者血清肿瘤标志物的影响.方法 依据治疗方法的不同将80例上皮性卵巢癌患者分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=34),对照组患者给予肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗,观察组患者给予肿瘤细胞减灭术联合洛铂腹腔灌注化疗.比较两组患者的近期疗效、肿瘤标志物[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、人附睾上皮分泌蛋白4(HE4)]水平、不良反应发生情况和随访1～3年生存率.结果 观察组患者的治疗总有效率为80.43％,高于对照组的55.88％(P﹤0.05).治疗后,两组患者血清VEGF、HE4水平均低于本组治疗前(P﹤0.05),且观察组患者血清VEGF、HE4水平均低于对照组(P﹤0.05).两组患者1年生存率无明显差异(P﹥0.05);随访2、3年,观察组患者的生存率均高于对照组(P﹤0.05).两组患者肝脏损伤、骨髓抑制、心脏毒性及恶心呕吐发生率均无明显差异(P﹥0.05).结论 肿瘤细胞减灭术联合洛铂腹腔灌注化疗治疗ⅢC期上皮性卵巢癌患者的疗效显著,可有效提高生存率,且不增加术中不良反应.     

结肠癌术后早期腹腔热灌注化疗的疗效分析

目的 观察结肠癌术后早期腹腔热灌注化疗的临床效果.方法 将90例结肠癌术后患者按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各45例.2组患者术后均进行全身静脉化疗,观察组在术后早期进行腹腔热灌注化疗(continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion chemotherapy,CHPPC).观察2组患者生活质量、不良反应、肿瘤标志含量、复发、转移以及生存情况.结果 观察组术后KtPS评分高于对照组(P＜0.05).2组化疗不良反应发生情况差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).观察组肿瘤标志物含量低于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组复发率和转移率均低于对照组(P＜0.05),观察组患者3年生存率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 CHPPC是结肠癌术后有效的辅助治疗方式.     

进展期胃癌术中胃床间质化疗的临床研究

目的 研究胃癌术中胃床区域局部间质化疗对进展期胃癌的术后长期生存的影响.方法 选择进展期胃癌行根治性手术患者164例,随机分为2组,治疗组84例于根治术关腹前行胃床间质化疗;对照组80例行常规胃癌根治术.术后两组均予全身静脉化疗.观察术后2组患者生存率、无瘤生存率和复发率.结果 治疗组第1年生存率与对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗组2、3年生存率和无瘤生存率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗组复发率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 术中胃床间质化疗能明显提高胃癌术后患者的生存率和生存质量,减少复发率.     

腹腔恒温热灌注联合静脉化疗治疗Ⅱ～Ⅲ期直肠癌术后患者的临床疗效

目的 分析腹腔恒温热灌注联合静脉化疗治疗腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后患者的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析58例直肠癌患者的临床资料,根据化疗方式分为单纯全身静脉化疗组(对照组)28例及腹腔恒温热灌注+全身静脉化疗组(实验组)30例.比较两组患者术后恢复情况、临床总有效率、化疗不良反应等方面的差异.结果 两组患者术后恢复情况、化疗不良反应及并发症发生率等方面比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05),而实验组治疗后临床总有效率(83.3％)明显高于对照组(71.4％),且局部复发率(3.3％)及远处转移率(6.7％)显著低于对照组(21.4％,28.6％),而1年生存率(96.7％)明显高于对照组(78.6％),差异均具有统计学意义(P相似文献   

高精度持续循环腹腔热灌注化疗联合静脉化疗治疗卵巢癌的临床研究

目的：探讨高精度持续循环腹腔热灌注化疗（HIPEC）联合静脉化疗治疗卵巢癌的临床疗效。方法入组卵巢癌患者198例,分为2组,其中治疗组120例（HIPEC 联合紫杉醇＋奥沙利铂方案静脉化疗组）、对照组78例（紫杉醇＋奥沙利铂方案静脉化疗组）。观察2组患者的生存时间、病死率、复发率、生活质量及化疗毒副反应。结果治疗组患者术后1 a、2 a、3 a 病死率及复发率明显低于对照组,而平均生存时间高于对照组（P ＜005）。结论 HIPEC 联合静脉化疗能有效降低卵巢癌患者术后复发率及病死率,提高生活质量,延长其生存时间。     

进展期结直肠癌术后静脉化疗联合早期腹腔化疗68例

[目的]评估静脉化疗联合术后早期腹腔化疗对进展期结直肠癌患者术后复发及肝转移的疗效及毒副作用.[方法]68例进展期结直肠癌根治术后患者随机分为两组:全身静脉化疗 术后早期腹腔化疗(联合化疗组)34例;单纯全身静脉化疗(静脉化疗组)34例.观察两种治疗方法两组患者肝转移率和生存情况及毒副作用.[结果]联合化疗组3年生存率73.5%,静脉化疗组为61.8%(P＜0.05).联合化疗组肝转移率为29.4%,静脉化疗组为44.1%(P＜0.05).联合化疗组的胃肠道反应率、骨髓抑制率及肝功能损害发生率分别67.6%、55.9%、29.4%,大多为Ⅰ、Ⅱ级,与静脉化疗组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).[结论]全身静脉化疗联合术后早期腹腔化疗能明显减少大肠癌的复发和肝转移,提高生存率,联合化疗毒性虽然比单纯静脉化疗重,仍在可以耐受的范围内.     

胃癌患者术中腹腔热灌注化疗的临床研究

目的:探讨胃癌根治术中一次性腹腔温热灌注化疗的临床疗效.方法:将术中行一次性腹腔温热灌注化疗的50例胃癌患者(治疗组)与未行此方法治疗的100例患者(对照组)的腹腔游离癌细胞检出率及预后等情况进行对比.结果:治疗组的温热灌注液游离癌细胞检出率为7.4%;对照组冲洗液的癌细胞检出率为30.8%.治疗组与对照组术后两年内腹腔复发率分别为14.6%和38.7%(P＜0.01).治疗组术后1、2、3年生存率分别为100%、79%和60%;对照组则为95.1%、50.2%和35.2%,两组2、3年生存率比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论:一次性腹腔温热灌注化疗简便、高效、安全,具有杀灭腹腔游离癌细胞的作用,可降低患者术后腹腔复发率和提高生存率.     

微波消融联合化疗栓塞对乙型肝炎相关性肝癌患者肿瘤标志物及预后的影响

目的 探讨微波消融(MWA)联合化疗栓塞对乙型肝炎相关性肝癌患者肿瘤标志物水平及预后的影响.方法 将118例乙型肝炎相关性肝癌患者按治疗方案的不同分为对照组62例(化疗栓塞治疗)和观察组56例(化疗栓塞+MWA治疗).比较治疗前后两组患者肿瘤标志物水平,随访2年,比较两组患者复发率及生存率.结果 术后,两组患者癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、糖类抗原125(CA125)水平均下降(P﹤0.05),且观察组患者CEA、CA125水平均明显低于对照组(P﹤0.01).两组患者不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).观察组患者术后1年、2年复发率均低于对照组,术后1年、2年生存率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).结论 MWA+化疗栓塞治疗乙型肝炎相关性肝癌患者能有效改善相关肿瘤标志物水平,降低术后复发率,提高术后生存率,是一种安全有效的治疗方案.     

腹腔灌注联合静脉化疗对晚期上皮性卵巢癌的疗效及其对Notch3、CD133的影响

目的 观察腹腔灌注联合静脉化疗治疗晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者的临床疗效及其对Notch3、CD133的影响.方法 选取晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者96例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各48例.对照组给予静脉化疗,观察组给予腹腔灌注联合静脉化疗.比较两组患者治疗前后Notch3、CD133的表达情况以及近期疗效、远期疗效.结果 观察组治疗后Notch3、CD133阳性表达率较治疗前明显下降(P＜0.05),且明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组近期疗效、远期疗效均明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 腹腔灌注联合静脉化疗治疗晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者可有效降低Notch3、CD133的阳性率,提高患者近期及远期疗效,改善患者预后.     

The future of chemotherapy at home--from outpatient chemotherapy to chemotherapy at home

Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer has changed greatly. A continuous systemic chemotherapy like FOLFOX or FOLFIRI became a standard. It is necessary to get sufficient knowledge and technique of chemotherapy for an infusion port system and a portable pump system. The risk management aspect is very important. Both strict and steady drug mixing and an administration system are necessary. It is also important to make a 24-hour surveillance system for any unusual conditions. The hospital as a whole must come to grips with these problems. The chemotherapy at an outpatient clinic or home will become a standard in the near future because it preserves the patients' QOL.     

Rationalization of adjuvant chemotherapy by induction chemotherapy

An induction chemotherapy, before any local treatment, allows to precise the chemosensitivity of the primary tumor. These data may help to improve indication and type of a further adjuvant chemotherapy. However there are many biological differences between different sites of the same tumor and along the time, without or after treatment. It is thus impossible to be sure that a chemotherapeutic regimen effective as first treatment on the primary will be equally active on micro-metastases some months later. Many questions in this field will be answered only by controlled studies and careful observations.     

Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy

Patients who will receive chemotherapy require careful assessment of liver function prior to treatment to determine which drugs are not appropriate, and which drugs need dose modification. However, if the hepatic parenchymal abnormalities are caused by an underlying neoplasm and the neoplasm is sensitive to the drugs, it may not be necessary to reduce the dose. Clearly, this is an area where clinical judgment must be used to assess the risk/benefit ratio. Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) involves either the nucleoside analogue lamivudine or interferon alpha. The advantage of lamivudine includes limited adverse effects and the fact that histological improvement has been documented in the majority of patients. Primary prophylaxis with lamivudine may be a well tolerated and effective method to reduce the frequency of chemotherapy-induced HBV reactivation in chronic HbsAg carriers. HbsAg screening is necessary before beginning chemotherapy for non Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. However, the main problem with long-term lamivudine therapy is the emergence of genotypic resistance because of base pair substitution at specific sites within the YMDD locus of the DNA polymerase gene. Significant hepatic dysfunction is uncommon among hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients treated with chemotherapy for hematological malignancies. However, infection with elevated AST levels is a significant risk factor for veno-occlusive disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clinical judgment and a high index of suspicion remain critical tools in preventing and treating hepatic manifestations of cancer chemotherapy.     

Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy

After assessment of tumor histology, the next important factor to consider in the selection of a chemotherapy regime is organ function. Patients who are to receive chemotherapy require careful assessment of liver function prior to treatment to determine which drugs may not be appropriate, and which drug doses should be modified. Following therapy abnormalities of liver function tests may be due to the therapy rather than to progressive disease, and this distinction is of critical importance. Furthermore, not all abnormalities in liver function are due to the tumor or its treatment, and other processes, such as hepatitis, must be kept in mind. This article reviews the hepatic toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, and suggests dose modifications based upon liver function abnormalities. Emphasis is placed on agents known to be hepatotoxic, and those agents with hepatic metabolism.     

Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy

The selection of an antineoplastic regimen for an oncology patient is based first on the availability of effective drugs and then on a balancing of potential treatment-related toxicities with the patient's clinical condition and associated comorbidities. Liver function abnormalities are commonly observed in this patient population and identifying their etiology is often difficult. Immunosuppression, paraneoplastic phenomena, infectious diseases, metastases, and poly-pharmacy may cloud the picture. While criteria for standardizing liver injury have been established, dose modifications often rely on empiric clinical judgment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of hepatotoxic manifestations for the most common chemotherapeutic agents is essential. We herein review the hepatotoxicity of commonly used antineoplastic agents and regimens.     

诱导化疗联合同步放化疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床观察

目的探讨诱导化疗联合同步放化疗治疗鼻咽癌患者的近期、远期疗效和安全性。方法选取2010年1月至2012年1月间收治的54例中晚期鼻咽癌患者,按照就诊顺序编号随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各27例。观察组患者实施同步放化疗,对照组患者采用诱导化疗。治疗结束后,对近期、远期疗效和不良反应进行比较。结果入选患者均完成治疗,其中观察组患者治疗有效率为88.9%,对照组为85.2%,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者3年总生存率、3年无瘤生存率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);局部复发率、远处转移率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者血小板减少和恶心呕吐发生率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);白细胞减少、放射性皮炎和口腔黏膜炎等发生率组间在两组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论同步放化疗治疗鼻咽癌有效率与诱导化疗相当,且能改善患者生存情况,降低局部复发、远处转移率,安全性高,值得推广。     

Regional chemotherapy

Regional chemotherapy is an interesting treatment option in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer but cannot be considered standard treatment, and it should not be performed outside controlled clinical trials. The real value of regional chemotherapy must be evaluated in larger, randomized trials. New drug combinations may reduce the observed side effects and improve tumor response. Gene therapy with p53 and K-ras modulated herpesviruses may become a palliative treatment option and can be administered easily by regional chemotherapy techniques [23].