血浆非对称二甲基精氨酸浓度与急性冠状动脉综合征的关系

目的:探讨血浆非对称二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)浓度与急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)及其不同亚组之间的相关性.方法:根据临床病情,并结合冠状动脉造影结果,将ACS组(88例)患者分为不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)亚组(56例)和急性心肌梗死(AMI)亚组(32例);对照组(42例)为冠状动脉正常患者.通过高效液相色谱联合质谱法(HPLC)测定血浆ADMA、L-精氨酸(L-Arg)含量.比色法测定HDL-C、TC、TG和尿酸(UA).结果:ACS组血浆ADMA浓度显著高于对照组[(5.18±1.32):(3.70±1.32)μg/L,P＜0.01],血浆L-Arg/ADMA浓度比低于对照组(1.64±0.60:2.49±1.79,P＜0.01).血浆L-Arg浓度在2组间差异无统计学意义.亚组间分析:AMI亚组血浆ADMA浓度显著高于对照组[(5.60±1.46):(3.70±1.32)μg/L,p＜0.01]和UAP亚组[(5.60±1.46):(4.93±1.22)μg/L,P＜0.05],血浆L-Arg/ADMA浓度比值低于对照组[(1.57±0.79):(2.49±1.79),P＜0.01];UAP亚组血浆ADMA浓度高于对照组[(4.93±1.22):(3.70±1.32)μg/L,P＜0.01],L-Arg/ADMA浓度比值低于对照组[(1.67±0.45):(2.49±1.79),P＜0.01];血浆L-Arg浓度在3组间差异无统计学意义.血浆ADMA与HDL-C、TC、TG、UA浓度无相关性.结论:ACS患者血浆ADMA浓度显著升高,血浆L-Arg/ADMA浓度比值显著降低,ADMA浓度升高是ACS的危险因素,且独立于冠心病传统危险因子.     

急性冠状动脉综合征与血浆基质金属蛋白酶1、3及组织型基质金属蛋白酶抑制物2关系的临床研究

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)1、3及组织型基质金属蛋白酶抑制物2(TIMP2)水平改变与急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)及非ACS之间的关系,为临床早期诊治ACS提供客观指标。方法:230例于2008-01至2011-06行冠状动脉(冠脉)造影的心内科住院患者,依临床及冠脉造影分组:ACS组98例,包括不稳定型心绞痛亚组61例、急性心肌梗死亚组37例;非ACS组81例,包括稳定型心绞痛亚组49例、冠脉慢性完全闭塞亚组32例;对照组51例(正常冠脉)。于冠脉造影后抽动脉血检测血浆MMP1、MMP3、TIMP2水平。结果:与对照组比较,MMP1在ACS组及非ACS组均明显增高(P均<0.001);MMP3在ACS组显著增高(P<0.01),非ACS组无明显增高(P>0.05);TIMP2在非ACS组中显著增高(P均<0.01)。与非ACS组比较,ACS组MMP1、MMP3增高及TIMP2降低差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。亚组分析中,与对照组相比,各亚组MMP1水平增高(P<0.05～0.001);MMP3在不稳定型心绞痛亚组及急性心肌梗死亚组均显著增高,TIMP2在稳定型心绞痛亚组及冠脉慢性完全闭塞亚组均显著性增高(P均<0.001),差异均有统计学意义。结论:ACS及非ACS患者血浆MMP1水平增高提示MMP1可能与冠心病发生有关;MMP3水平仅于ACS患者中增高提示MMP3可能为ACS发生的重要影响因素;TIMP2水平增高只出现于非ACS患者提示TIMP2增高可能有益于斑块的稳定性。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者MMP-9及TIMP-1与冠状动脉病变的相关性

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9及其抑制因子(TIMP)-1与急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者冠状动脉病变的关系。方法:采用夹心酶联免疫法测定42例ACS患者和25例非冠心病对照者血清MMP-9及TIMP-1水平,并进行对比分析,并对ACS患者中的不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)亚组患者血清MMP-9及TIMP-1水平与冠状动脉病变Califf危险积分作相关分析。结果:ACS组MMP-9较对照组明显增高(P<0.01),而TIMP-1则较对照组显著降低(P<0.01);UAP患者血清MMP-9与冠状动脉病变积分呈明显正相关(r=0.770,P<0.01),血清TIMP-1则与冠状动脉病变积分呈明显负相关(r=-0.669,P<0.01)。结论:MMP-9及TIMP-1与急性冠状动脉综合征患者冠状动脉病变有关,可作为判断其病变程度的指标之一。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆内皮素血小板功能的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血浆内皮素(endothelin, ET)、血小板功能的变化及临床意义.方法:选择2007-06-2008-06就诊于山西省人民医院并确诊的98例ACS患者(ACS组)及同期30例经冠状动脉CT或冠状动脉造影除外冠状动脉病变并根据临床及实验室检查排除心脏疾患的正常人(正常对照组)作为研究对象.ACS组又分为不稳定型心绞痛亚组、急性心肌梗死亚组,分别检测血浆ET含量及血小板聚集率及血小板CD63、CD62P、凝血酶敏感蛋白(TSP)值.结果:ACS组测得ET、血小板聚集率及血小板CD63、CD62P、TSP值显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:ET、血小板功能的变化在ACS的诊治及预后具有重要临床意义.     

吸烟对急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2的影响及意义

目的:探讨吸烟急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(LP-PLA2)的变化,进一步阐明吸烟对该物质的影响及与冠心病的关系。方法:入选170例于2015-01至2015-12因胸痛在我院行冠状动脉造影患者,依据临床表现、冠状动脉造影结果及吸烟史分为:(1)对照组(70例),包括吸烟对照亚组(31例)及非吸烟对照亚组(39例);(2)ACS组(100例),包括吸烟ACS亚组(50例)及非吸烟ACS亚组(50例)。检测血清LP-PLA2、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平。结果:吸烟对照亚组血清LP-PLA2水平高于非吸烟对照亚组(P=0.018),吸烟ACS亚组血清LP-PLA2水平高于非吸烟ACS亚组(P=0.027),ACS组血清LP-PLA2水平显著高于对照组(P=0.000)。血清LP-PLA2水平与CRP呈正相关(r=0.724,P0.01)。结论:ACS患者血清LP-PLA2、CRP水平较无冠心病者明显升高,提示二者可能直接参与了冠心病的发生、发展,且吸烟者LP-PLA2水平更高,这可能是吸烟者更易罹患冠心病并加重病情进展的原因之一。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆Fn水平的变化及其临床意义

目的:通过检测急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血浆Fn和Fg水平,探讨其与不同类型冠心病及冠状动脉狭窄程度之间的相关性及临床意义。方法:选取接受冠状动脉造影检查的患者88例。其中,ACS患者47例(ACS组),稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者18例(SAP组)和冠状动脉造影正常对照者23例(Control组)。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别检测患者外周血浆Fn水平,凝血酶比浊法测定血浆Fg水平。根据冠状动脉造影结果,分为单支病变组、双支病变组及3支病变组,并结合改良的Gensini冠状动脉病变积分标准分别比较血浆Fn和Fg水平变化与冠状动脉管腔病变程度的相关性。结果:ACS组血浆Fn和Fg水平显著高于SAP组(P<0.01、P<0.05)及Control组(均P<0.01),SAP组血浆Fn和Fg水平亦高于Control组(均P<0.05)。血浆Fn水平在冠状动脉单支病变组、双支病变组及3支病变组之间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),而血浆Fg水平在冠状动脉3支病变组明显高于单支病变组(P<0.05)和双支病变组(P<0.01)。线性相关分析表明,血浆Fn与Fg水平具有明显相关性(r=0.381,P<0.0...     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者妊娠相关血浆蛋白A的变化

目的:观察急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A) 水平的变化.方法:冠状动脉造影(CAG)证实的冠心病患者80例,分为ACS组(53例) 、稳定型心绞痛(SA)组(27例),以23例CAG正常者为正常对照组;测定各组患者入院时外周血清PAPP-A水平, 分析不同组别间及ACS组、SA组中冠状动脉病变不同程度者PAPP-A水平的变化,并分析PAPP-A水平与TnT、CK-MB的相关性.结果:①ACS组的PAPP-A水平显著高于正常对照组和SA组(P＜0.01),正常对照组与SA组之间及ACS组中不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死亚组PAPP-A水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);②PAPP-A水平与CK-MB、TnT水平无显著相关;③ACS组、SA组中冠状动脉病变不同程度亚组PAPP-A水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:检测PAPP-A水平对ACS早期诊断可能有一定的意义,但冠状动脉病变程度与PAPP-A水平无显著相关.     

ACS患者血浆MMP-9及hs-CRP水平与冠状动脉病变的相关性

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血浆基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与冠脉病变的相关性。方法:选择ACS患者60例,其中急性心肌梗死(AMI)30例(AMI组),不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)30例(UAP组);另选同期住院的稳定型心绞痛(SAP)30例(SAP组)及非冠心病患者30例(对照组);采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法分别测定各组患者外周血浆MMP-9及hs-CRP水平,并与冠状动脉造影Gensini积分行相关性分析。结果:各组血浆MMP-9与hs-CRP水平均差异有统计学意义,其中AMI组>UAP组>SAP组>对照组(均P<0.05);与对照组比较,AMI组、UAP组及SAP组Gensini评分均增大(均P<0.05);血浆MMP-9水平与hs-CRP水平呈显著正相关性(r=0.881,P<0.05),血浆MMP-9水平与Gensini评分之间无相关性(r=0.392,P>0.05)。结论:急性ACS患者血浆MMP-9和hs-CRP水平可以预测冠状动脉病变的稳定性,但不能预测病变程度。     

急性冠状动脉综合征血管内超声斑块显像特征与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性研究

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)斑块稳定性与血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平的相关性,寻找不稳定斑块的危险因素.方法:对49例 ACS 患者和35例稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者"罪犯"冠状动脉进行血管内超声( IVUS)检查,同时测定外周血浆Hcy水平.结果:ACS组Hcy水平明显高于SAP组(P<0.05);ACS组患者冠状动脉病变处以软斑块为主69.4% (34/49) , SAP患者冠状动脉病变处以硬斑块为主77.1% ( 27/35) ,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与SAP比较,ACS组不稳定斑块和内膜破裂,血栓形成病变占比例明显增高(P<0.01);ACS组病变处斑块面积大(P<0.01),斑块负荷重(P<0.01),以偏心斑块(P=0.000)和正性重构为(P=0.002)主.Hcy水平、斑块面积、狭窄率、斑块负荷、偏心指数均可影响斑块的稳定性.Logistic回归分析显示Hcy与斑块不稳定相关.结论:Hcy可能是ACS斑块不稳定的相关因素,可作为预测斑块不稳定的指标.     

血浆非对称二甲基精氨酸浓度与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度有关

目的探讨血浆非对称二甲基精氨酸(asymmetric dimethyl arginine,ADMA)浓度与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度的相关性。方法冠心病病人97例,经Judkins法行冠状动脉造影观察冠状动脉粥样硬化的程度,并参照Gensini积分系统分析冠状动脉造影结果,对照组为24例无动脉粥样硬化者;实验组为73例动脉粥样硬化者,根据Gensini积分的高低分为3个亚组。通过高效液相色谱联合质谱法方法测定血浆ADMA和L-精氨酸含量,比色法测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸。结果实验组ADMA浓度显著高于对照组[(5.5±1.3)μg/L与(4.4±0.9)μg/L(P<0.01)],ADMA/L-精氨酸低于对照组[(1.6±0.6)与(1.8±0.4)(P<0.05)],而两组间L-精氨酸差异无统计学意义。实验组亚组间分析显示随着Gensini积分的升高,血浆ADMA浓度上升。结论冠心病病人血浆ADMA浓度显著升高,与冠状动脉粥样硬化严重程度相关。     

Pseudoaneurysm of coronary artery following rupture of coronary artery during coronary angioplasty.

Rupture of the coronary artery is a rare complication of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). We describe a case of coronary artery rupture during PTCA resulting in the formation of a coronary artery pseudoaneurysm. The pseudoaneurysm was successfully treated by percutaneous spring-coil embolization of the coronary artery.     

Percutaneous coronary intervention of bifurcation coronary disease

Bifurcation coronary artery disease is a frequent problem faced by interventional cardiologists and it affects approximately 15-20% of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The application of drug-eluting stents (DES) technology to prevent restenosis after PCI represents one of the success stories in cardiology, but DES have not resolved the bifurcation PCI challenge. Bifurcation PCI remains associated with higher procedural failure and worse outcomes compared with PCI of non-bifurcated lesions even in DES era. A dependable strategy for PCI of bifurcation lesions has yet to be established, which is likely due to the paucity of studies evaluating the anatomical intricacies of the bifurcation as well as the lack of large scale randomized therapeutic trials. Further, bifurcation has many anatomical variants and it is unlike that one technique will fit all. Currently, we are left with the option of a tailor-made strategy for each patient and bifurcation anatomy and make the most of the limited evidence available to support our therapeutic decisions. In this review, we attempted to describe the current understanding of bifurcation anatomy and corresponding PCI strategies.     

Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries, coronary heart disease and sudden coronary death

Correlation between the severity of coronary atherosclerosis, thrombosis and sudden cardiac death was examined in 721 autopsied cases. Severe coronary atherosclerosis with stenosis was found in most of them; however a similar grade of atherosclerosis was discovered in patients with ischaemic heart disease not dying suddenly. Acute coronary thrombosis in the studied subjects was diagnosed post mortem in about 20 percent of those who died suddenly. Other studies indicate frequencies between 4-93%. There was no consistent time dependence.     

Clinical trials of coronary revascularization: coronary angioplasty vs. coronary bypass grafting

In the absence of diabetes mellitus, rates of survival and of survival free of myocardial infarction (MI) are almost identical among patients with multivessel disease assigned to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) versus those assigned to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) after 6.5 to 8 year follow-up period. Additional revascularization occurs 2.5 to 4.5 times more frequently in PTCA-treated than in CABG-treated patients and prevalence of angina is no longer statistically different between the two treatment groups. The excess health care costs of bypass surgery, which are important early after revascularization, almost disappear 5 to 8 years later. In patients with single vessel disease, survival free of MI is also comparable in both treatment groups at 5 years. Additional revasculariztion occurs two to four times more often in PTCA-treated than in CABG-treated patients and prevalence of angina does not differ between the two treatment groups. Thus, in nondiabetic patients with multivessel disease, the choice of a revascularization strategy rests on the patient's and treating physician's preference between the invasive nature of bypass surgery and the risk of recurrent procedures. In patients with single vessel disease, these long-term data suggest that bypass surgery is at least as safe and effective as coronary angioplasty and therefore may be a treatment option in selected cases.     

冠状动脉256排CT与冠状动脉造影对冠心病的诊断比较

目的冠状动脉256排CT成像技术与冠状动脉造影检查对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的诊断比较。方法选取2013年5月至2014年5月内蒙古兴安盟人民医院心血管内科疑似冠心病患者50例,其中男性29例,女性21例,年龄37~68岁。先行冠状动脉256排CT扫描及图像后处理,后行冠状动脉造影检查,将两结果进行对比分析。结果以冠状动脉狭窄≥50%者为阳性。冠状动脉256排CT诊断冠心病灵敏度为40.00%,特异度98.18%,阳性预测值88.89%,阴性预测值81.82%,正确指数38.18%,符合率82.67%,KAPPA值46.28%。结论冠状动脉造影诊断冠心病准确性优于冠状动脉CT。冠状动脉CT可对冠心病患者进行初筛诊断。     

冠脉微循环与冠心病

冠心病急性心肌梗死的再灌注治疗是现代医学发展的里程碑,它使被动、保守治疗转为积极、主动的血运重建,随着包括静脉溶栓、冠状动脉内溶栓、经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)、冠状动脉内支架置入术以及冠状动脉搭桥术等再灌注治疗技术的成熟、普及,挽救了无数患者的生命.     

Right coronary artery coronary sinus fistula with coronary sinus ostium stenosis

Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare anomaly of the coronary artery. The draining site of a right coronary artery (RCA) fistula may usually be the right ventricle, right atrium, or pulmonary artery. Here, we present a patient with right coronary artery to coronary sinus fistula (RCACSF) complicated by aneurysmal dilatation of the coronary sinus (CS) and stenosis of CS ostium.     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of coronary artery embolism

A 35-yr-old woman with known valvular heart disease presented with acute myocardial infarction. Angiography demonstrated a totally occluded distal left anterior descending coronary artery. Though initially successful, angioplasty ultimately failed to maintain arterial patency, leaving a more distal total occlusion after several balloon inflations. In spite of this, PTCA possibly provided a more localized infarction via a peripheral mobilization of the embolus.     

Detecting of coronary dissection by coronary magnetic resonance

A 75-year-old man, who had a history of coronary dissection after percutaneous coronary intervention in left anterior descending coronary artery, underwent coronary magnetic resonance. Magnetic resonance demonstrated coronary dissection in the distal portion of the left anterior descending artery. Both the true lumen with thick vessel wall and the false lumen with thin vessel wall were demonstrated in the cross-sectional images using T1-weighed black blood technique and T2-weighed black blood technique. Soft plaque was located at the twelve o'clock in the true lumen. Invasive coronary angiogram showed long coronary dissection from middle to distal portion of left anterior descending coronary artery. Magnetic resonance was thought to be useful to detect and follow up the coronary dissection noninvasively.