Factors influencing glucose metabolism in young obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

<正>Objective To explore the factors influencing glucose metabolism in young obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods A total of 106 young obese subjects[18-44 years old,body mass index(BMI)≥30 kg/m~2]were enrolled and divided into two groups based on full-night polysomnography(PSG),OSAHS group[apnea hypopnea index(AHI)≥     

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与患者肱踝脉搏波传导速度的关系

Objective To explore the related factors for the measurement of arterial stiffness by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods The blood pressure and baPWV in 76 patients with OSAHS confirmed by polysomnography (PSG) were measured.Clinical data were collected, and the carotid and extremity arteries were examined by ultrasound.Arterial intima thickening, atherosclerotic plaque formation and calcification,and the morphological changes of the arterial wall were evaluated.The related factors for baPWV in patients with OSAHS were analyzed.Results The baPWV was significantly higher in the severe OSAHS group as compared to the low-moderate group ( P ＜ 0.01 ), as classified according to the apnea hypopnea index and the lowest oxygen saturation.Multiple regression analysis showed that the baPWV of patients with OSAHS was related to age, oxygen desaturation index and systolic blood pressure ( F = 1.726 - 5.574, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Our study showed that with OSAHS exacerbations, the baPWV value increased.The haPWV of patients with OSAHS was related to age, oxygen desaturation index and systolic blood pressure.The abnormal changes of baPWV were present earlier than the morphological changes of atherosclerosis for OSAHS patients.     

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平及其机制研究

目的 探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及其与氧化应激的关系.方法 选择2007年1月至2010年6月在我院经多导睡眠仪(PSG)监测并确诊OSAHS的患者123例,依据年龄分为老年OSAHS组55例、非老年OSAHS组68例;另选同期经PSG监测排除OSAHS的正常对照100例,依据年龄分为老年对照组52例、非老年对照组48例.于睡眠呼吸监测次日晨起采取空腹肘静脉血4 ml,采用循环酶法测定Hcy,紫外分光光度比色法测定丙二醛(MDA)及谷胱甘肽(GSH),并记录睡眠呼吸监测相关指标.结果 血清Hcy在老年OSAHS组、老年对照组、非老年OSAHS组、非老年对照组中的水平差异具有统计学意义(F=28.26,P=0.000);组间两两比较结果显示,老年OSAHS组中的Hcy水平高于其余各组,老年对照组高于非老年对照组,非老年OSAHS组高于非老年对照组.各组MDA、GSH水平差异具有统计学意义(F=5.56,P=0.002、F=4.79,P=0.004);组间两两比较结果显示,MDA、GSH在老年OSAHS组中的水平均高于其余各组.多元线性回归分析显示,血清Hcy与年龄、MDA、GSH、睡眠呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)具有相关性(β值分别为0.07、0.50、0.23、2.00).结论 随增龄,Hcy水平增高并伴氧化应激的增强,以老年OSAHS患者表现尤为显著,氧化应激的存在可能是老年OSAHS患者血清Hcy水平增高的内在机制.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the association between serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and oxidative stress in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods The 123 patients from January 2007 to June 2010 were recruited and divided into the elderly OSAHS group (n=55) and the non-elderly OSAHS group (n=68). One hundred healthy subjects were selected and divided into the elderly control group (n=52) and the non-elderly control group (n=48). The PSG variables were recorded and the levels of Hcy, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were detected after sleep in all subjects. Serum Hcy level was measured by cyclophorase, MDA and GSH levels were measured by spectrophotometer. Results There were statistical differences in Hcy concentration between four groups (F=28.26, P=0.000). The Hcy concentration was higher in elderly OSAHS group than in other groups, and was higher in elderly control group than in non-elderly control group, and was higher in non-elderly OSAHS group than in non-elderly control group. There were statistical differences in MDA and GSH concentrations between the four groups (F=5.56, P=0.002;F=4.79, P=0.004). The concentrations of MDA and GSH were higher in elderly OSAHS group than in other groups. Multiple regression analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship of Hcy concentration with age, MDA, GSH and AHI (β=0.07, 0.50, 0.23 and 2.00). Conclusions The concentration of Hcy increases and oxidative stress enhances with aging, especially in the elderly patients with OSAHS. The mechanism of high level of serum Hcy in elderly patients with OSAHS may be the high oxidative stress.     

Correlation between severity of endoscopic findings and apnea-hypopnea index in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and obstructive sleep apnea

AIM: To assess the relationship between severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as an indicator of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. METHODS: Data of 57 patients with proven obstructive sleep apnea and gastroesophageal reflux disease were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to severity of the sleep apnea: "mild-moderate" (A)-AHI 5≥5-30, n=27, "severe" (B)-AHI >30, n=30. All patients underwent apnea monitoring during the night, upper panendoscopy and were asked about typical reflux symptoms. RESULTS: All examined patients in both groups showed a significant overweight and there was a positive correlation between body mass index and the degree of sleep apnea (P = 0.0002). The occurence of erosive reflux disease was significantly higher in "severe" group (P = 0.0001). Using a logistic regression analysis a positive correlation was found between the endoscopic severity of reflux disease and the AHI (P = 0.016). Forty-nine point five percent of the patients experienced the typical symptoms of reflux disease at least three times a week and there was no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: A positive correlation can be found between the severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease and obstructive sleep apnea.     

Continuous respiratory monitoring for sleep apnea screening by ambulatory hemodynamic monitor

AIM:To validate the sleep-disordered breathing components of a portable electrocardiography and hemodynamic monitor to be used for sleep apnea screening.METHODS:Sleep-disordered breathing(SDB) is associated with cardiovascular disease.Patients with existing cardiovascular disease may have unrecognized SDB or may develop SDB while under the care of a cardiologist.A screening device for SDB,easy to use and appealing to cardiologists,would assist in referral of appropriate patients for full polysomnography(PSG).A cardiac and respiratory monitor(CPAM) was attached to patients undergoing PSG and an apnea/hypopnea index(AHI) generated.The CPAM device produced respiration rate,snoring rate,individual apnea/hypopnea events and an SDB severity score(SDBSS).In addition to AHI,an expert over-reader annotated individual breaths,snores and SDB breathing events to which the automated algorithms were compared.RESULTS:The test set consisted of data from 85 patients(age:50.5 ± 12.4 years).Of these,57 had a positive PSG defined as AHI ≥ 5.0(mean:30.0 ± 29.8,negative group mean:1.5 ± 1.2).The sensitivity and specificity of the SDBSS compared to AHI was 57.9% and 89.3%,respectively.The correlation of snoring rate by CPAM compared to the expert overreader was r = 0.58(mean error:1.52 snores/min),while the automated respiration rate had a correlation of r = 0.90(mean error:0.70 breaths/min).CONCLUSION:This performance assessment shows that CPAM can be a useful portable monitor for screening and follow-up of subjects for SDB.     

原发性高血压患者血清CD40水平及其与多态性的关系

Objectives To identify the effects of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndromemacrophage inflammatory protein -1α(MIP-1α) and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein(hs-CRP) levels,and its impact on cardiac structure and function in patients with hypertension.(OSAHS) on serum. Methods We studied 86 middle-aged subjects classified into four groups according to the absence or presence of OSAHS with and without hypertension.(1)OSAHS patients without hypertension(OSAHS group,n=29);(2)OSAHS patients with hypertension(OSAHS +HT group,n=27);(3) non-OSAHS patients with hypertension(HT group,n =27);(4)volunteers without OSAHS and hypertension(Control subjects, n=27).OSAHS patients were divided into mild,moderate and severe degree based on apnea hypopnea index(AHI).All participants underwent polysomnography and echocardiography. Serum MIP-1αand hs-CRP levels were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Body mass index(BMI),neck collar(NC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) in OSAHS group and OSAHS +HT group were significantly higher than those in Control group(PP<0.05).Serum MIP- 1αlevels in OSAHS+HT group was significant higher than HT groups(P<0.05).Serum MlP-1αlevels in those three groups were negative correlationwith AV(r=-0.238,P=0.08) and positively correlated with E/A ratio(r=0.307,P=0.02). Conclusions We have not foundthe cardiac systolic function change in early OSAHS patients with hypertension,while the diastolic function decreased obviously.Serum MIP-1αlevel shows earlier change than hs-CRP level in OSAHS patients which may contribute to the lesion of cardiac diastolic function.     

Obstructive sleep apnea increases heart rhythm disorders and worsens subsequent outcomes in elderly patients with subacute myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a potential cardiovascular risk.We aimed to investigate the association of OSA with heart rhythm disorders and prognosis in elderly patients with new-onset acute myocardial infarction(AMI).METHODS We prospectively enrolled 252 AMI elderly patients(mean age,68.5±6.9 years)who were undergoing revascularization and completed a sleep study during their hospitalization.All subjects were categorized into non-OSA(apnea–hypopnea index(AHI)<15,n=130)and OSA(AHI≥15,n=122)groups based on the AHI.The changes in the autonomic nervous system,incidence of arrhythmia during nocturnal sleep,and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCEs)were compared between the groups.RESULTS The mean AHI value in all AMI patients was 22.8±10.9.OSA patients showed higher levels of body mass index and peak high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lower levels of minimum nocturnal oxygen saturation(Min Sa O2),as well as greater proportion of multivessel coronary artery disease(all P<0.05).The OSA group also showed significant increases in heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence onset(both P<0.05)and higher incidence of arrhythmia(including sinus,atrial,and ventricular in origin).At a median follow-up of 6 months(mean 0.8–1.6 years),OSA(AHI≥15)combined with hypoxia(Min Sa O2≤80%)was independently associated with the incidence of MACCEs(hazard ratio[HR]:4.536;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.461-14.084,P=0.009)after adjusting for traditional risk factors.CONCLUSIONS OSA and OSA-induced hypoxia may correlate with the severity of myocardial infarction,increase the occurrence of heart rhythm disorders in elderly subacute MI patients,and worsen their short-term poor outcomes.     

Serum macrophage inflammatory protein-lαand high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in the paitents with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and hypertension

Objectives To identify the effects of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndromemacrophage inflammatory protein -1α(MIP-1α) and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein(hs-CRP) levels,and its impact on cardiac structure and function in patients with hypertension.(OSAHS) on serum. Methods We studied 86 middle-aged subjects classified into four groups according to the absence or presence of OSAHS with and without hypertension.(1)OSAHS patients without hypertension(OSAHS group,n=29);(2)OSAHS patients with hypertension(OSAHS +HT group,n=27);(3) non-OSAHS patients with hypertension(HT group,n =27);(4)volunteers without OSAHS and hypertension(Control subjects, n=27).OSAHS patients were divided into mild,moderate and severe degree based on apnea hypopnea index(AHI).All participants underwent polysomnography and echocardiography. Serum MIP-1αand hs-CRP levels were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Body mass index(BMI),neck collar(NC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) in OSAHS group and OSAHS +HT group were significantly higher than those in Control group(PP<0.05).Serum MIP- 1αlevels in OSAHS+HT group was significant higher than HT groups(P<0.05).Serum MlP-1αlevels in those three groups were negative correlationwith AV(r=-0.238,P=0.08) and positively correlated with E/A ratio(r=0.307,P=0.02). Conclusions We have not foundthe cardiac systolic function change in early OSAHS patients with hypertension,while the diastolic function decreased obviously.Serum MIP-1αlevel shows earlier change than hs-CRP level in OSAHS patients which may contribute to the lesion of cardiac diastolic function.     

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与患者肱踝脉搏波传导速度的关系

目的 探讨OSAHS患者肱踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)与动脉僵硬度的相关影响因素.方法 收集解放军总医院2008年9月至2010年1月间经多导睡眠监测(PSG)诊断为OSAHS的76例男性患者,年龄20～70岁,平均(42±11)岁,采集临床病史等资料,并对其进行血压和baPWV监测、颈动脉和上下肢动脉超声检查,观察动脉内中膜增厚、动脉粥样硬化斑块形成及钙化情况,评价动脉壁形态学改变.根据PSG监测结果中呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)及最低SaO2将患者分为轻中度及重度组,并分析影响OSAHS患者baPWV的相关指标.结果 重度组baPWV[(1459±185)cm/s]显著高于轻中度组[(1328±130)cm/s,P＜0.01],多元逐步回归分析结果提示OSAHS患者的年龄、氧减指数、收缩压与baPWV具有相关性(F=1.726～5.574,P＜0.05).结论 随着患者OSAHS病情加重,baPWV数值增高;OSAHS患者baPWV与年龄、氧减指数及收缩压具有相关性;OSAHS患者的baPWV异常改变早于动脉粥样硬化等形态学改变,值得临床进一步研究;作为OSAHS患者缺氧严重程度的指标,氧减指数有其优点.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the related factors for the measurement of arterial stiffness by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods The blood pressure and baPWV in 76 patients with OSAHS confirmed by polysomnography (PSG) were measured.Clinical data were collected, and the carotid and extremity arteries were examined by ultrasound.Arterial intima thickening, atherosclerotic plaque formation and calcification,and the morphological changes of the arterial wall were evaluated.The related factors for baPWV in patients with OSAHS were analyzed.Results The baPWV was significantly higher in the severe OSAHS group as compared to the low-moderate group ( P ＜ 0.01 ), as classified according to the apnea hypopnea index and the lowest oxygen saturation.Multiple regression analysis showed that the baPWV of patients with OSAHS was related to age, oxygen desaturation index and systolic blood pressure ( F = 1.726 - 5.574, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Our study showed that with OSAHS exacerbations, the baPWV value increased.The haPWV of patients with OSAHS was related to age, oxygen desaturation index and systolic blood pressure.The abnormal changes of baPWV were present earlier than the morphological changes of atherosclerosis for OSAHS patients.     

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者临床特点分析

目的 探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者的临床特点、易患因素及睡眠结构特点. 方法选择2006年至2009年在我院睡眠监测中心经多导睡眠监测(PSG)确诊的老年OSAHS患者163例,依呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为轻、中、重度组,按照体质指数(BMI)分为正常体质量组和肥胖组,对老年OSAHS患者的临床特点、睡眠监测指标及睡眠结构进行分析,以同期就诊的190例非老年OSAHS患者为对照组. 结果 (1)OSAHS患者中肥胖人群比例为79.1%,其中非老年组肥胖患者比例为83.6%,老年组为70.3%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)老年组的中重度患者比例低于非老年组,两组间AHI、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)＜90%的累积时间占总睡眠时间的百分比(%TRTSaO2＜90%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)老年患者睡眠结构紊乱程度较非老年组严重,非快动眼睡眠(NREM)Ⅲ+Ⅳ期比例明显减少,呼吸性醒觉反应增加.(4)老年患者临床症状不典型,个体差异明显,并存症多.结论 老年OSAHS患者的病情明显轻于非老年患者,但睡眠结构紊乱明显重于非老年患者.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical and pdysomnographic characteristics and related factors of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in elderly patients. Methods The 163 elderly patients with OSAHS confirmed by polysomnography were classified into obesity group and non-obesity group according to body mass index (BMI). All cases were grouped into mild,moderate and severe groups according to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and night SaO2. The 190non-elderly OSAHS patients were as control group at the same time. The clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were recorded and analyzed. Results (1)The proportion of obesity in OSAHS patients was 79. 1%, there was significant difference between the elderly-obesity group and non-elderly-obesity group (70.3% vs. 83.6%, P＜0.05). (2)The proportions of moderate and severe OSAHS patients were lower in elderly group than in non-elderly group. There were significant differences in AHI, the lowest arterial O2 saturation (LSaO2) and % TRT SaO2 ＜90% between the two groups (all P＜0.05). (3)The sleep architecture disturbance was significantly severer in elderly group than in non-elderly group. The percentages of non-rapid eye movementsleep (NREM sleep)stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ sleep were significantly decreased, and the arousal was significantly increased. (4) The syndrome of OSAHS in elderly group was untypical and the clinical complication was increased.Conclusions The elderly OSAHS patients are less severe than non-elderly group, but the elderly patients have worse sleep architecture disturbance and more complications such as hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.     

不同严重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征女性血压影响因素分析

目的:探讨不同严重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)女性患者血压的影响因素。方法:将190例2009至2011年就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院睡眠中心的女性打鼾患者按睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分成4组:非OSAHS组、轻度OSAHS组、中度OSAHS组和重度OSAHS组,比较这4组患者的一般特征、多导睡眠图(PSG)监测指标及血压的差异,并分析不同OSAHS严重度组血压影响因素。结果:非OSAHS组43例,轻度OSAHS组52例,中度OSAHS组30例,重度OSAHS组65例。随着AHI升高,各组血压值呈升高趋势。各组血压比较,重度OSAHS组收缩压与非OSAHS组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);重度OSAHS组舒张压高于非OSAHS组及轻度OSAHS组(P     

智能动态血氧仪诊断睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与多导睡眠图监测的一致性研究

目的：睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,SAHS)是临床最常见的睡眠疾病之一,多导睡眠图监测为诊断的金标准。本研究将一种可无线传输数据至云平台并自动分析数据的腕表式智能动态脉搏血氧仪(简称“腕式血氧仪”)作为研究对象,与标准的多导睡眠图(polysomnography,PSG)监测做一致性分析,探讨腕式血氧仪对 SAHS诊断的可靠性。方法受试者为2015年6月至2016年2月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸科睡眠中心的疑似SAHS患者,所有受试者同时完成整夜 PSG监测和腕式血氧仪监测,分别比较 PSG和腕式血氧仪计算的氧减指数(oxygen desatuation index, ODI)、最低血氧饱和度(lowest percutaneous oxygen saturation,LSpO2)、<90%的血氧饱和度时间比率(the percentage of time spent at SpO2 below 90%, TS90%)和经皮平均血氧饱和度(mean percutaneous oxygen saturation,MSpO2)。并将 PSG 监测的呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)与腕式血氧仪监测的 ODI做一致性分析。用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评定 ODI诊断价值及判定诊断SAHS的界值。结果本研究共纳入201例受试者,PSG与腕式血氧仪监测的 ODI、TS90%、LSpO2之间差异无统计学意义;腕式血氧仪 ODI 与PSG监测的 AHI具有良好的相关性;ROC 曲线评价腕式脉搏血氧 ODI>10.4次/h 对 SAHS 的诊断价值敏感性及特异性均较高。结论 SAHS动态血氧波形有比较明显的特征,腕式血氧仪测得的 ODI可反应睡眠呼吸暂停的情况,可作为 SAHS的初筛设备。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血脂变化的研究

目的:探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者的脂质代谢变化及临床意义。方法:选取100例打鼾患者为观察对象,均行多导睡眠图(PSG)监测,按PSG结果将其分为鼾症组16例、轻度OSAHS组21例、中度OSAHS组27例、重度OS-AHS组36例。所有患者于清晨睡眠醒后采外周血,测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)。分析各组血脂水平的变化,将患者血脂水平分别与睡眠呼吸监测指标进行直线相关性分析。结果:OSAHS组与健康对照组体质量指数(BMI)、TC比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01);组间比较重度OSAHS组BMI明显高于轻、中度OSAHS组;中度、重度组与健康对照组的TC比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。相关分析显示血清胆固醇(CHO)、LDL-C与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)呈显著正相关(r=0.275,r=0.209,P0.01),与最低脉博容积血氧饱和度(LSpO2)呈负相关(r=-0.211,P0.05;r=-0.203,P0.05)。结论:OSAHS可能导致血浆脂质代谢紊乱,慢性间歇性低氧血症及血浆脂质代谢紊乱,有促进动脉硬化的危险。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者睡眠时咽部CT与体质量的关系研究

目的 探讨睡眠状态下阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)患者咽部CT测量与体质量的关系.方法 在于天津医科大学总医院行多导睡眠监测被确诊为OSAHS的患者中随机选取40例可以配合的患者进行睡眠状态下螺旋CT扫描,依体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)将其分为BMI<25组和BMI≥25组,比较两组一般资料[平均年龄、颈围、最低血氧饱和度、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)、吸烟情况、醒时血氧饱和度]及咽腔形态学(包括鼻咽和口咽的最小面积,舌体长度、厚度和面积,软腭长度、厚度和横截面积,悬雍垂直径等)的差异.结果 睡眠状态下,BMI≥25的患者颈围、AHI明显高于BMI<25的患者(P<0.01),而最低血氧饱和度明显低于后者(P<0.001),同时BMI≥25患者的舌体长度、舌体面积较BMI<25患者明显增加(P<0.001),软腭后区最小横截面积减小(P<0.05),而舌后区最小横截面积、舌体厚度、软腭长度、软腭厚度、软腭横截面积及悬雍垂直径随着BMI的增大有增加趋势,但两组间差别无统计学意义.相关分析结果也显示AHI与BMI呈正相关(r=0.608,P<0.001).结论 睡眠状态下不同BMI的OSAHS患者之间气道结构存在一定的差异,同时BMI与AHI有相关性,提示BMI可反映OSAHS患者上气道阻塞程度.     

Diagnostic accuracy of the Berlin questionnaire and therapeutic effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure in OSAHS patients with glucose metabolic dysfunction

Sleep and Breathing - Obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is associated with alterations in glucose metabolism. The&nbsp;Berlin questionnaire (BQ) is effective in...     

老年与非老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气合征象患者心律失常的比较

目的探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者夜间心律失常的特点及其与非老年人的差别。方法经多导睡眠图(PSG)确诊的老年OSAHS患者38例,同时作Holter检查,44例非老年患者作为对照组。结果老年与非老年OSAHS患者夜间心律失常发生率分别为63.2%和27.3%,老年组心律失常发生率明显高于非老年组(P<0.01)。夜间心律失常表现为多种形式,同一患者也可同时发生多种心律失常,窦缓在老年组中较常见;心律失常发生率与暂停-低通气指数(AHI)以及缺氧时间成正相关;同等严重程度比较,老年组心律失常的发生率亦明显高于非老年组。结论老年OSAHS患者夜间可发生多种形式的心律失常,并与AHI和缺氧时间密切相关;OSAHS对老年人心血管系统的影响较非老年人更严重。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者载脂蛋白E基因多态性分析

目的 探讨载脂蛋白E(apoliporotein E,ApoE)基因多态性与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hyopnea syndrome,OSAHS)之间的关系.方法 选取经多导睡眠仪确诊的84例无亲缘关系的OSAHS患者(OSAHS组)和排除OSAHS的106位正常人群(正常对照组),采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性方法,检测两组ApoE基因多态性的基因型,同时检测两组血清甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平和体质量指数,分析基因型分布、等位基因频率差异、不同等位基因与OSAHS患者血脂水平的关系.结果 OSAHS组ApoEε4等位基因频率明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);携带ApoEε4等位基因的OSAHS组患者睡眠呼吸暂停指数高于携带ApoEε3等位基因的OSAHS组患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);携带ApoEε4等位基因的OSAHS组患者TC水平高于携带ApoEε2和ApoEε3组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).OSAHS组患者TG、LDL-C高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 OSAHS发病与ApoE基因多态性相关联,ApoEε4等位基因町能是OSAHS发病的危险因素.OSAHS患者存在血脂代谢紊乱,携带ApoEε4等位基因的OSAHS患者血清胆固醇升高更明显.     

血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并高血压患者睡眠呼吸障碍干预效应的研究

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)对于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)合并高血压患者睡眠呼吸障碍的干预效应.方法 63例经多导睡眠图证实的OSAHS患者被纳入本研究(男54例,女9例),平均年龄(53±12)岁,按照其病情和服药情况分为3组,OSAHS无高血压组(A组)21例,OSAHS合并高血压...     

经鼻气道持续正压通气对OSAHS患者夜尿次数变化的影响

目的：探讨经鼻气道持续正压通气(nCPAP)对 OSAHS患者夜尿次数增多的改善作用。方法选择2014年6月至2016年5月夜尿次数增多的中重度 OSAHS 患者74例,其中中度[15次/h≤呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)<30次/h]14例、重度(30次/h≤AHI<60次/h)31例和极重度(AHI≥60次/h)29例,进行 Auto-nCPAP滴定、记录 n-CPAP滴定当晚平均压力及治疗前后夜尿次数,并对其结果进行统计学处理。结果 OSAHS 患者夜尿次数与 AHI、ESS 评分、夜间最低血氧饱和度(LSpO2)相关(r=0.728、0.435、-0.293,P 值均<0.05),且随着 AHI 增大,夜尿次数逐渐增多;nCPAP治疗后夜尿次数明显减少,3组治疗前后P值均<0.001,且当晚 nCPAP 压力与夜尿次数呈正相关(r=0.503,P<0.001),nCPAP压力<9 cmH2 O 患者夜尿次数明显比 nCPAP压力≥9 cmH2O 组少,差异有统计学意义(1.30±1.10 vs 2.56±1.50,t=-3.999,P <0.001)。结论 nCPAP能改善 OSAHS患者夜间多尿症状,其治疗压力越低患者夜尿次数越少。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者免疫功能的损伤及相关机制

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）“缺氧一复氧”对患者免疫功能的影响及相关机制。方法前瞻性研究187名确诊阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的患者并以30名体检健康者作为对照,所有患者的病历资料均采用统一标准的方案记录,包括记录整晚睡眠监测、体液免疫、细胞免疫结果。结果OSAHS与正常健康对照组比较,体液免疫中C3明显升高,IgM有下降趋势,细胞免疫中NK细胞所占T淋巴细胞的百分率明显下降,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;相关性分析示C3与呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）呈正相关、与经皮最低血氧饱和度（LSpO2）负相关;IgM与LSpO2弱正相关;NK细胞与AHI弱负相关;其他项免疫功能指标在统计学上无显著相关性。结论阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者存在免疫功能的损害,可能存在免疫功能的下降。