我国维吾尔族成人代谢综合征腰围适宜切点研究

目的研究我国维吾尔族成人代谢综合征（MS）诊断中腰围的适宜切点。方法以乌鲁木齐市和喀什地区2526例25-90岁维吾尔族成人为研究对象，以国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）MS全球共识诊断标准为基础，分析维吾尔族男女不同腰围水平与MS其他组分聚集的关系，检出至少两个组分存在时假阳性率和假阴性率均较低的腰围界限，作为诊断维吾尔族成人MS腰围切点，并以此计算不同年龄组MS的检出率及成分组合特点。结果随腰围增大，MS组分聚集的OR值显著增高。在我们所划分的切点中，当男性腰围≥93cm、女性腰围≥89cm时，ROC曲线距离最短。以此腰围切点计算维吾尔族成人的MS检出率，男性为26．0％，女性为27．7％。结论建议维吾尔族以男性腰围≥93cm、女性腰围≥89cm为切点，结合IDF诊断标准中其他组分定义，作为维吾尔族成人MS的临床检出标准。以上结果有待在更大样本量的维吾尔族人群中进一步验证。     

上海市奉城社区30岁以上人群代谢综合征腰围切点的研究

目的：分析上海农村30岁以上人群代谢综合征（MS）腰围的适宜切点。方法：随机整群抽取上海市奉贤区奉城镇灯民村及洪南村30岁以上人群1041人。分析男性和女性不同腰围水平与MS其他成分聚集的关系，并寻找检出2个及以上危险成分假阳性和假阴性率均较低的腰围切点，作为30岁以上人群腰围切点的建议。据此计算各性别年龄组MS的患病率以及成分组合特点。结果：随腰围增大，MS成分聚集的比数比（0R）显著增高，以男性腰围≥85．0cm．女性腰围≥80．0cm．接受者运行曲线（ROC）距离最短。以此为腰围切点，30岁以上人群男性MS患病率为15．32％，女性为12．35％．其中以腰围超标、血压升高和高血糖3项的组合为最多。结论：建议男性腰围≥85．0cm，女性腰围≥80．0cm，收缩压≥130mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）和（或）舒张压≥85mmHg，血清三酰甘油（TG）≥1．7mmol／L，男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）〈1．03mmol／L、女性HDL—C〈1．29mmol／L，空腹血糖（FBG）≥5．6mm01／L，5项中具备3项及以上作为上海农村MS的临床检出标准。     

中国成人代谢综合征腰围切点的研究

目的　根据中国成人较近期的调查数据 ,分析代谢综合征中腰围的适宜切点。方法　利用国家“九五”科技攻关课题 1998年在 15组人群进行心血管病危险因素调查 13732例 35～ 5 9岁成人的数据库 ,分析男性和女性不同腰围水平和代谢综合征其他成分聚集的关系 ,并寻找检出两个及以上危险成分假阳性和假阴性率均较低的腰围切点 ,作为成人腰围切点的建议。据此计算各性别年龄组代谢综合征的患病率 ,以及成分组合特点。结果　随腰围增大 ,代谢综合征成分聚集的OR值显著增高 ,以男性腰围≥ 85cm ,女性腰围≥ 80cm ,ROC曲线距离最短。以此为腰围切点中年男性人群代谢综合征患病率为 19 3% ,女性为 13 9% ,其中以腰围超标 ,血压升高和高甘油三酯三项的组合为最多。结论　建议男性腰围≥ 85cm ,女性腰围≥ 80cm ,收缩压≥ 130mmHg(1mmHg =0 133kPa)和 (或 )舒张压≥ 85mmHg ,血清甘油三酯≥ 1 6 9mmol/L ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 <1 0 3mmol/L ,空腹血糖≥ 6 1mmol/L ,5项中具备 3项及以上作为中国成人代谢综合征的临床检出标准。以上初步结果需要在有全国代表性的样本中进一步验证。     

中老年人群高甘油三酯血症-腰围表型与心血管危险因素聚集关系探讨

目的:探讨40~79岁中老年人群高甘油三酯(TG)血症-腰围(HTWC)表型与心血管危险因素聚集的关系。方法 :利用2013年成都市4个社区横断面流行病学调查的1 004例40~79岁中老年人群数据,将HTWC定义为TG≥2.0 mmol/L,男性腰围≥90 cm,女性腰围≥85 cm。分为(1)TG和腰围正常组(492例)即血TG2.0 mmol/L,男性腰围90 cm,女性腰围85 cm;(2)单纯腹型肥胖组(301例)即血TG2.0 mmol/L,男性腰围≥90 cm,女性腰围≥85 cm;(3)单纯高TG组(79例)即血TG≥2.0 mmol/L,男性腰围90 cm,女性腰围85 cm;(4)HTWC组(132例)即血TG≥2.0 mmol/L,男性腰围≥90 cm,女性腰围≥85 cm,共4组。分析该人群HTWC检出率及其与心血管危险因素聚集的相关性。结果:40~79岁中老年人群HTWC表型的检出率为13.15%(男性12.69%,女性13.37%),40~79岁人群中HTWC组心血管危险因素聚集检出率为41.67%,而TG和腰围正常组心血管危险因素聚集检出率为13.21%。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析显示,经校正年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟史、糖尿病家族史及高血压家族史后,HTWC组发生心血管危险因素聚集的检出率仍为TG和腰围正常组的4.50倍(比值比:4.50,95%可信区间:2.84~7.12,P0.05)。结论:中老年人群HTWC与心血管危险因素聚集密切相关,可作为筛查心血管危险因素聚集的指标。     

腰围甘油三酯指数与胸痛患者心血管危险因素聚集的关系

目的 研究腰围甘油三酯（WT）指数与胸痛患者心血管危险因素聚集的关系。 方法 回顾性分析在我院就诊的胸痛患者。比较心血管危险因素聚集组和非聚集组基线资料的差异。分析腰WT指数与心血管危险因素聚集的相关性。 结果 共有309例患者入选,其中女性115例。心血管危险因素聚集的检出率为73.8%。心血管危险因素聚集组的体重、腰围、体重指数、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖和腰WT指数均高于非聚集组（P<0.05）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于非聚集组（P<0.05）。WT指数与心血管危险因素数量呈正相关（r=0.414,P<0.001）。多因素Logistic回归表明,WT指数是心血管危险因素聚集的独立预测因素（OR=1.012,95%CI：1.008~1.018）。WT指数在全部研究人群、男性人群及女性人群, ROC曲线下面积分别为0.750（95%CI：0.689~0.811）、0.709（95%CI：0.631~0.788）和0.852（95%CI：0.771~0.933）;其预测心血管危险因素聚集的最佳切点分别为138.7、110.6和134.4。 结论 WT指数是心血管危险因素聚集的独立预测因素,而且可以对心血管危险因素聚集做出定量的评价。     

国际糖尿病联盟代谢综合征诊断标准中的腰围切点分析

目的分析国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）关于代谢综合征（MS）的诊断标准中适用于我国城市中老年人群的诊断中心性肥胖的腰围切点。方法对北京地区中老年人群流行病学调查，无糖尿病者行口服75g葡萄糖耐量试验，同时进行问卷调查和体检。对1870例完整资料进行统计，通过对腰围预测各代谢异常危险因素的分析，讨论适用于该人群的诊断中心性肥胖的腰围切点。结果（1）无论男性还是女性，甘油三酯（TG）、收缩压、舒张压和空腹血糖（FBG）的中位数均随腰围的增加而呈线形增加趋势，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）呈线形下降趋势；（2）高TG、高血压、高FBG、低HDL-C及≥2个危险因素的患病率随腰围的增加而增加；（3）腰围预测各代谢异常因素的敏感度和特异度、ROC曲线，以及Youden指数均显示男性腰围90cm，女性腰围80cm时预测各代谢异常因素的真实性较好；（4）预测≥2个代谢异常危险因素的OR值在男性腰围≥90cm，女性≥80cm时增加最为显著。结论北京城市中老年人群中男性腰围90cm，女性80cm是IDF诊断MS的标准中诊断中心性肥胖的合适切点。     

我国中年人群向心性肥胖和心血管病危险因素及其聚集性

目的 分析在中国人群中,反映向心性肥胖的指标－－腰围与心血管病危险因素及其聚集性的关系。并探讨中国人群适宜的腰围切点。方法 分析数据来自1993－1994年对14组中年（35－59）岁人群进行的抽样调查,职业包括产业工人,农民,城市居民和渔民,地点分布于东北,华北,华东,华南,西南和中部。调查项目均采用国际标准化方法,由合作中心进行统一培训,考核和质量控制。资料完整可供分析16466人。结果 显示中国人群腰均值男,女性均小于西方人群,北方高于南方,城市居民和工人高于农民,将腰围从＜65cm至大于等于100cm,每5cm进行分层,可见无论男性或女性,高血压,高血清总胆固醇,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和空腹血糖升高的检出率及具有2个及以上危险因素的聚集率均随腰围的增大而逐步上升。危险因素聚集的年龄调整比值比（OR值）男性和女性分别增高7．8倍和8．5倍,以不同腰围切点计算对于检出危险因素聚集的敏感度和特异度,显示男性腰围大于等于85cm,检出危险因素聚集的敏感度为54．2％,特异度为77．3％,女性腰围大于等于80cm,相应的敏感度和特异度为59．8％和70．3％,较其他各切点为优,结论 研究表明,向心性肥胖的程度和心血管病危险因素升高及聚集密切相关,应重视对以腹部肥胖为特征的向心性肥胖进行防治,;男性腰围应控制在85cm以下,女性应控制在80cm以下。     

腰围甘油三酯指数与胸痛患者代谢综合征相关性的研究

目的 研究胸痛患者腰围甘油三酯（WT）指数与代谢综合征（MS）的关系。 方法 回顾性分析在我院就诊的胸痛患者。比较MS组和非MS组基线资料的差异，分析WT指数与代谢综合征组的相关性。 结果 共有309例患者入选，其中女性115例。MS的检出率为71.1%。MS组的体重、腰围、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖、体重指数和腰WT指数均高于非MS组（P<0.05）；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于非聚集组（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归表明，WT指数是代谢综合征的独立预测因素（OR=1.075，95%CI：1.028~1.124）。WT指数在全部研究人群、男性人群及女性人群， ROC曲线下面积分别为0.839（95%CI：0.793~0.878）、0.877（95%CI：0.803~0.931）和0.858（95%CI：0.801~0.904）；其预测心血管危险因素聚集的最佳切点分别为143.0、142.0和139.1。 结论 WT指数是胸痛患者代谢综合征的独立预测因素, 适合于基层医疗机构对高危心血管病人群进行筛查。     

太原地区3883名体检者心血管疾病危险因素分析

目的 分析太原地区3 883名体检者心血管疾病危险因素,探讨心血管危险因素分布的特征和规律,并评价各种肥胖指标预测心血管危险因素的价值.方法 2005年-2006年太原市区两个社区自然人群体检对象中资料完整的成人3 883名.调查以健康体检形式进行,测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围和血压,计算体重指数(BMI)和腰臀围比值.空腹抽取静脉血,测定血糖和血脂.将男性和女性按年龄分为6个年龄段进行统计分析,分析不同年龄段各心血管危险因素分布情况.人群中未进行降糖、降压、调脂治疗的2 817名各心血管危险因素进行相关分析及因子分析.对不同腰围分别计算预测血脂异常、高血压、高空腹血糖(FBG)及≥2 个心血管危险因素的灵敏度和特异度,计算Youden指数.结果 男性随年龄增加腰围、血糖、血压、血脂异常所占比例增加,腰臀比值异常所占比例随年龄呈升高趋势,各年龄组间有统计学意义(P<0.05);体重指数异常所占比例随年龄增加升高趋势不明显.女性随年龄增加腰围、血压、血脂异常所占比例增加,各年龄组间有统计学意义(P<0.05);血糖异常、腰臀比值异常、体重指数异常所占比例在≤70岁各年龄段随年龄增加而增加.男女血糖、血压、血脂异常所占比例无明显差别.女性40岁后腰围超标者高于男性.各心血管危险因素Pearson相关分析显示,这些指标间大多存在两两相关.其中腰围、BMI、腰臀围比值与其他指标有较强相关性.采用因子分析可见腰臀围比值、腰围、BMI这些肥胖因子为核心因子,没有一个变量同时连接所有因子.因子负荷数值腰围＞腰臀围比值＞体重指数.根据腰围预测各心血管危险因素的敏感度和特异度、ROC曲线,以及Youden指数均显示男性腰围85 cm,女性腰围75 cm时预测各心血管危险因素的真实性较好.根据腰臀比值预测各心血管因素的敏感度和特异度、ROC曲线,以及Youden指数均显示男性腰臀比值0.90,女性腰臀比值0.80时预测各心血管危险因素的真实性较好.结论 各心血管危险因素异常所占百分比随年龄有递增趋势,且男女各有特点.肥胖处于各危险因素的核心位置,肥胖指标中以中心性肥胖为肥胖诊断标准,尤其腰围诊断价值较高.太原城市人群中男性腰围85 cm,女性75 cm或腰臀比值男性0.90,女性0.80 可能是诊断中心性肥胖的合适切点.     

陕、甘两省酒精性与非酒精性脂肪肝流行病学分析

目的调查陕西省和甘肃省成人酒精性、非酒精性脂肪肝患病率并分析相关危险因素。方法采用横断面调查的方式，调查两省成人脂肪肝患病率，内容包括填写问卷，测量身高、体重、腰围，生化检查和B超检查。结果共调查1500人，其中男性1023名，女性477名。共检出脂肪肝247例，其中饮酒率、酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪肝的检出率分别为56．53％、3．87％、12．60％。男性脂肪肝患病率无论是酒精性还是非酒精性均高于女性（P〈O．05）。脂肪肝的患病率随年龄的增加而上升。经Logistic多元回归分析，年龄、日酒精摄入量、饮酒年限、BMI与酒精性脂肪肝密切相关，其中以日酒精摄入量相对风险度最高（OR=9．941，95％CI4．803～20．577）；年龄、男性、高脂血症、BMI、腰围与非酒精性脂肪肝密切相关，其中以高脂血症相对风险度最高（OR=3．750，95％cI2．752～6．745）。结论两省成人脂肪肝患病率较高，以非酒精性脂肪肝为主。肥胖、饮酒是脂肪肝最重要的危险因素。     

Waist circumference cut-off points for identification of abdominal obesity among the tunisian adult population

AIMS: Waist circumference (WC) is a convenient measure of abdominal adipose tissue. It itself is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes-risk factor and is strongly linked to other CVD risk factors. There are, however, ethnic differences in the relationship of WC to the other risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cut-off points of WC and body mass index (BMI) at which cardiovascular risk factors can be identified with maximum sensitivity and specificity in a representative sample of the Tunisian adult population and to investigate any correlation between WC and BMI. METHODS: We used a sample of the Tunisian National Nutrition Survey, a cross-sectional population-based survey, conducted in 1996 on a large nationally representative sample, which included 3435 adults (1244 men and 2191 women) of 20 years or older. WC, BMI, blood pressure and fasting blood measurements (plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides) were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify optimal cut-off values of WC and BMI to identify with maximum sensitivity and specificity the detection of high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia, high blood cholesterol and hypertriglyceridaemia. RESULTS: ROC curve analysis suggested WC cut-off points of 85 cm in men and 85 cm in women for the optimum detection of high blood pressure, diabetes and dyslipidaemia. The optimum BMI cut-off points for predicting cardiovascular risk factors were 24 kg/m(2) in men and 27 kg/m(2) in women. The cut-off points recommended for the Caucasian population differ from those appropriate for the Tunisian population. The data show a continuous increase in odds ratios of each cardiovascular risk factor, with increasing level of WC and BMI. WC exceeding 85 cm in men and 79 cm in women correctly identified subjects with a BMI of >/=25 kg/m(2), sensitivity of >90% and specificity of >83%. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the ROC analysis, we suggest a WC of 85 cm for both men and women as appropriate cut-off points to identify central obesity for the purposes of CVD and diabetes-risk detection among Tunisians. WCs of 85 cm in men and 79 cm in women were the most sensitive and specific to identify most subjects with a BMI >/=25 kg/m(2).     

Appropriate waist circumference cutoff points for central obesity in Korean adults

BACKGROUND: The International Diabetes Federation consensus recently proposed a new definition for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, incorporating ethnically specific waist circumference (WC) cutoff points. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the ethnically appropriate WC cutoff values for central obesity in Korean adults to predict increased risk of elevated triacylglycerol, reduced HDL cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting plasma glucose, or two or more of these factors. DESIGN: We used data from 6561 adults, aged 20-80 years, who participated in the Korean Health and Nutritional Examination Survey of 1998, a cross-sectional health survey of a nationally representative sample of Koreans. RESULTS: Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the WC value for predicting metabolic risk factors in Koreans was about 85 cm for men and 80 cm for women. The odds ratio for the risk of two or more metabolic risk factors increased abruptly in men with WC >or= 90 cm and women with WC >or= 85 cm. The 80th percentile for WC in the Korean population was 90 cm for men and 86.5 cm for women. Thus, the appropriate WC cutoff point for central obesity in Koreans was determined to be 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our criteria, the prevalence of central obesity was 19.8% in Korean men and 24.5% in Korean women. These findings suggest the applicability of ethnically specific cutoff points for WC in assessing central obesity.     

Relationships between indices of obesity and its cardiovascular comorbidities in a Chinese population.

BACKGROUND: Current definitions of overweight/obesity and central adiposity guidelines are based on Western populations, and may not be appropriate for the Chinese population. More data among Chinese are needed to address this issue. We aimed to identify cut-offs for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference that confer increased risk of cardiovascular disease in a Chinese population in Shanghai. METHODS AND RESULTS: A representative, cross-sectional sample of 13,817 adults aged >18 years was studied in Shanghai. In men and women, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and glucose values were incrementally higher and mean high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol values were incrementally lower with increased BMI and waist circumference. Both the point at which sensitivity equaled specificity and the shortest distance in the receiver operating characteristic curves for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or >or=2 of these risk factors generally suggested a BMI cut-off value of 24 kg/m(2) for both men and women, and a waist circumference cut-off value of 85 cm for men and 80 cm for women. CONCLUSIONS: A BMI cut-off of 24 kg/m(2) for both men and women, and a waist circumference cut-off of 85 cm for men and 80 cm for women might be appropriate for use in identifying adults at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease and serve as public health action thresholds in Shanghai residents.     

Waist circumference cutoff points and action levels for Asian Indians for identification of abdominal obesity

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of internationally accepted waist circumference (WC) action levels for adult Asian Indians. DESIGN: Analysis of data from multisite cross-sectional epidemiological studies in north India.Subjects:In all, 2050 adult subjects >18 years of age (883 male and 1167 female subjects). MEASUREMENTS: Body mass index (BMI), WC, waist-to-hip circumference ratio, blood pressure, and fasting samples for blood glucose, total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. RESULTS: In male subjects, a WC cutoff point of 78 cm (sensitivity 74.3%, specificity 68.0%), and in female subjects, a cutoff point of 72 cm (sensitivity 68.7%, specificity 71.8%) were appropriate in identifying those with at least one cardiovascular risk factor and for identifying those with a BMI >21 kg/m(2). WC levels of > or =90 and > or =80 cm for men and women, respectively, identified high odds ratio for cardiovascular risk factor(s) and BMI level of > or =25 kg/m(2). The current internationally accepted WC cutoff points (102 cm in men and 88 cm in women) showed lower sensitivity and lower correct classification as compared to the WC cutoff points generated in the present study. CONCLUSION: We propose the following WC action levels for adult Asian Indians: action level 1: men, > or =78 cm, women, >/=72 cm; and action level 2: men, > or =90 cm, women, > or =80 cm.     

Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: Differential association with Chinese abdominal obesity

AimWe examined the longitudinal association between red meat (RM) consumption and the risk of abdominal obesity in Chinese adults.Methods and resultsOur data are from 16,822 adults aged 18–75 in the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1993 to 2011. We assessed RM intake with three 24-h dietary recalls. We defined abdominal obesity as a waist circumference (WC) ≥85 centimeters (cm) for men and ≥80 cm for women. Multilevel mixed-effect regression models showed that men experienced WC increases of 0.74 cm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39–1.09) from a higher total intake of fresh RM and 0.59 cm (95% CI: 0.24–0. 95) from a higher intake of fatty fresh RM but 0.14 cm (95% CI: −0.39 to 0.66) from a higher intake of lean fresh RM in the top quartile versus non-consumers when adjusted for potential confounders. In contrast, after additional adjustment for baseline WC, the odds ratios of abdominal obesity in men were attenuated for total fresh RM (1.25 [95% CI: 1.06–1.47]) and fatty fresh RM (1.22 [95% CI: 1.03–1.44]) but were still not affected by lean fresh RM (0.95 [95% CI: 0.75–1.22]). Women also showed a positive association of fatty fresh RM intake with abdominal obesity.ConclusionGreater intake of fatty fresh RM was significantly associated with higher WC (men only) and abdominal obesity risk in Chinese adults. The gender-specific differential association of fatty versus lean fresh RM warrants further study.     

Waist-to-hip ratio is a better screening measure for cardiovascular risk factors than other anthropometric indicators in Tehranian adult men

BACKGROUND: It is essential to identify the best anthropometric index in any population to predict chronic disease risk. OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) to predict cardiovascular risk factors in an urban adult population of Tehranian men. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: A representative sample of 4,449 men aged 18-74 y, participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study METHODS: Demographic data were collected; anthropometric indices and blood pressure were measured according to standard protocol. In the 18-34 y age category, cutoff points for BMI, WHpR, WHtR and WC were 24 kg/m(2), 0.86, 0.47 and 81 cm, respectively. In the 35-54 y age category these cut points were 26 kg/m(2), 0.91, 0.52 and 89 cm, and in the 55-74 y age category 26 kg/m(2), 0.95, 0.54 and 91 cm, respectively. Hypertension was defined based on JNC VI. Biochemical analysis was conducted on fasting blood samples. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose > or =126 mg/dl or 2hPG > or =200 mg/dl and dyslipidemia based on ATP III. The presence of 'at least one risk factor' from the three major cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes) was also evaluated. RESULTS: Mean age of men was 41.8+/-15.4 y. Mean BMI, WHpR, WC and WHtR for subjects were 25.6+/-4.2 kg/m(2), 0.91+/-0.07, 87.7+/-11.7 cm and 0.51+/-0.02, respectively. Dyslipidemia and 'at least one risk factor' are more prevalent risk categories. Although all anthropometric indicators had a significant association to cardiovascular risk factors, WHpR had the highest correlation coefficients compared to other anthropometric measures. For all risk factors in all age categories, the highest odds ratios were pertained to WHpR. Of the four individual indicators, WHpR had the highest sensitivity, specificity and accuracy to predict cardiovascular risk factors. Cutoff points for WHpR were seen to have a higher percentage of correct prediction than BMI, WC and WHtR in all age categories. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that WHpR is a better predictor for cardiovascular risk factors than BMI, WC and WHtR in Tehranian adult men.     

Indicators of abdominal adiposity in middle-aged participants of the SU.VI.MAX study: relationships with educational level, smoking status and physical inactivity

OBJECTIVES: Abdominal fat accumulation is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Identifying the demographic and lifestyle correlates of abdominal adiposity is an important step to target at-risk populations in prevention programs. There are few data of this kind in France. METHODS: Anthropometric indicators of overall (body mass index, BMI) and abdominal (waist hip ratio, WHR; waist circumference, WC) adiposity, educational level, smoking status, and physical activity were assessed in 6,705 middle-aged men and women participating in the SU.VI.MAX study. RESULTS: The likelihood of being obese was increased more than twice in physically inactive subjects of both genders after adjustment for age, smoking status and educational level (OR=2.22, CI95%: 1.74-2.83 in men; OR=2.38, CI95%: 1.84-3.09 in women). Having a high WHR (>=0.95 in men, >=0.80 in women) was more likely in subjects >=50 y, in current smokers, and less likely in men with higher education. The likelihood of having a high WHR was also increased in physically inactive subjects of both genders after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking status and educational level (OR=1.33, CI95%: 1.10-1.60 in men; OR=1.46, CI95%: 1.22-1.74 in women). Having a high WC (>=102 cm in men, >=88 cm in women) was positively associated with age and also with physical inactivity (OR=1.63, CI95%: 1.20-2.22 in women). CONCLUSIONS: These cross-sectional data suggest significant positive associations of physical inactivity with both the WHR and WC, independently of overall adiposity as assessed by the BMI.     

Obesity indices and cardiovascular risk factors in Thai adults

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes in Thai population. DESIGN: A national cross-sectional survey of cardiovascular risk factors. SUBJECTS: Five thousand and three hundred five Thai adults aged > or =35 years. MEASUREMENTS: Body weight, height, waist and hip circumference and cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure, total plasma cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose were measured. Age- and sex-specific means and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors were calculated and compared among anthropometric measurements. RESULTS: There were increasing trends of severity of cardiovascular risk factors and prevalence of morbidity conditions across increasing levels of BMI, WC, WHpR and WHtR categories. For age group > or =65 years, WC, WHpR and WHtR provided more consistent association with cardiovascular risk factors than BMI. Area under the curve indicated that measurement of central obesity could predict cardiovascular risk better than BMI. The optimal cutoff points for anthropometric measurements were in line with the Asia-Pacific recommendation; however, similar cutoff point for men and women between 82 and 85 cm was observed. CONCLUSION: Central obesity indices were slightly better associated with cardiovascular risk factors compared to BMI in Thai adults aged > or =35 years.