准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术创面愈合机制的免疫组化实验

目的 研究准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)后角膜创面的愈合机制。方法 对10只兔右眼施行LASIK手术，分别于术后1d，1周，1个月，3个月和6个月取标本，应用病理学和免疫组化的方法研究及观察角膜基质成分的变化。结果 LASIK后1周中央区角膜有少量的角膜细胞出现及产生少许Ⅲ型胶原及纤维连接蛋白，术后1－3个月时达高峰，6个月时明显减少。结论 LASIK后，角膜愈合反应极轻，因而较少引起角膜混浊的发生。     

准分子激光屈光性角膜术(LASIK和LASEK)对泪膜稳定性及角膜中央知觉的影响?

目的:观察准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)和准分子激光上皮下角膜切削术(laser assisted sub-epithelial keratectomy,LASEK)前后泪膜稳定性和角膜中央知觉的变化.方法:选择80眼近视眼患者,分别行LASEK和LASIK术,每组40眼,观察患眼术前与术后1个月、3个月及6个月的角膜中央知觉、泪液分泌量(Schirmer 试验)、泪膜破裂时间(break-up time, BUT),并对结果作统计学分析.结果:两种手术术后泪膜稳定性及角膜中央知觉均有不同程度的下降;LASEK术后1个月、3个月角膜中央知觉、术后1个月BUT值与术前相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05);LASIK术后1个月、3个月、6个月角膜中央知觉、术后1个月、3个月BUT值与术前相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05);术后1个月、3个月LASIK和LASEK组间角膜中央知觉、BUT值有显著性差异(P＜0.05),LASIK组角膜中央知觉、BUT值下降更明显;LASIK和LASEK组术后1、3、6个月泪液分泌量分别与术前相比无显著性差异.结论:LASIK和LASEK手术术后均影响泪膜的稳定性与角膜中央知觉,但随着角膜的愈合而逐渐恢复;LASIK对角膜中央知觉、泪膜稳定性的破坏比LASEK更为严重、持久.     

低度近视LASIK与LASEK术后角膜后表面高度的变化

目的:探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)及准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)术后角膜后表面高度的变化及意义.方法:22人44眼随机分为LASIK及LASEK组,近视等效球镜度数均＜-3.0 D,散光度数均≤-1.0 D.术前及术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月、术后6个月应用OrbscanⅡ行角膜地形图检查.分析比较LASIK及LASEK两组间各个不同时间点的角膜后表面高度.结果:LASIK组术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月角膜后表面有前隆(P均＜0.05);LASEK组术后1周、术后1个月角膜后表面有前隆(P均＜0.05).术后1周及术后1个月LASIK组较LASEK组角膜后表面前隆高度更大(P均＜0.05).结论:低度近视LASIK及LASEK术后早期角膜后表面均有不同程度的前隆,以LASIK术更为明显;随着时间推移,角膜后表面前隆均逐渐好转.     

近视眼LASIK术后人工晶状体屈光度测算中矫正角膜曲率的回归公式建立及其效能检验

[目的]探讨近视眼LASIK术后测算人工晶状体屈光度时不需要其术前资料的方法.[方法]本研究分为两部分,研究的第一部分是通过对97例(193眼)接受近视眼LASIK手术的病人,记录其术前及术后3个月的等效球镜以及由IOLMaster测量的平均角膜曲率(Km),并应用临床病史法计算出术后3个月时的实际角膜曲率(Kchm),建立Kchm对术后平均角膜曲率(Km-post)的回归公式.研究的第二部分是选取另外67例(132眼)拟接受近视眼LASIK手术的病人,在LASIK术前及术后3个月后将等效球镜设定为目标屈光度,应用在研究第一部分中建立的回归公式来矫正LASIK术后角膜曲率,应用IOLmaster自带的不同人工晶状体屈光度计算公式计算并进行分析比较.[结果]在研究的第一部分中,建立Kchm对Km-post的的回归模型为:Kchm=1.033×Km-post-2.192,模型决定系数R2=0.916.在研究的第二部分中,分析比较由回归公式矫正的术后角膜曲率输入不同人工晶状体屈光度计算公式的计算结果,对于选定的3种人工晶状体类型,与术前等值人工晶状体屈光度差值在±1.0D内者,应用Holladay I和SRK-T公式的准确性优于Haigis、Hoffer-Q公式.[结论]建立了不需要术前数据的矫正近视眼LASIK术后角膜曲率的回归公式,将对该类病人因白内障需要行人工晶状体植入而又缺失LASIK术前数据时有实用价值.     

激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视的实验研究

目的 评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗中高度远视的预测性、安全性及有效性。方法 选择新西兰大白兔10只,根据左右眼随机分为两组,设计第一组兔右眼为+5.00 D,第二组左眼为+8.00 D,应用LASIK进行预期矫正度的激光切削。分别于术前、术后3 d、术后2周、术后1个月、术后2个月、术后3个月、术后6个月对术眼进行角膜地形图和裂隙灯检查和记录,同时每组随机处死一只兔子,取角膜标本进行光镜和电镜的病理学检查。结果 所有术眼均无并发症,+5.00 D组与+8.00 D组术后6个月的角膜中央屈折力变化为+4.63±0.67 D和+8.32±0.84 D,散光较术前增加0.38 D和0.79 D。两组都在术后2周-3个月均有回退现象(P<0.05),6个月时已基本稳定(p>0.05)。病理学观察显示病理损伤后的愈合反应与LASIK治疗近视相近。结论 LASIK治疗中高度远视有明显的疗效且具有安全性。     

近视眼LASIK术后角膜曲率动态变化

目的分析近视眼LASIK术后角膜曲率的动态变化和屈光状态、视力变化的关系。方法近视44例（88只眼）均采用标准LASIK治疗,术后1周、1、3、6月随访,记录术前术后角膜曲率、屈光状态、视力,并进行统计学处理。结果角膜曲率和屈光状态从术后1周～3月各期回退显著（P〈0.001）,3～6个月趋于稳定（P〉0.05,P〉0.5）;术后视力1月内稳定（P〉0.5）,1～3月下降有显著性（P〈0.01）,3～6个月趋于稳定（P〉0.1）。结论近视眼LASIK术后角膜曲率3个月内回退较显著,3～6个月趋于稳定,屈光状态和视力随着角膜曲率的变化而相应变化。角膜曲率的长期稳定性需进一步观察。     

LASIK术后干眼的预后研究

目的观察准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（LASIK）前后泪膜功能及角膜知觉的改变,初步探讨LASIK对结膜杯状细胞的影响。方法60例120眼近视眼患者行LASIK,分别于术前、术后1周,1、3、6个月行角膜知觉检查、泪膜破裂时间测定（BUT）、基础泪液分泌试验（SIt）,及术前、术后1、3、6个月行结膜印迹细胞学检查。结果术后1周,1、3个月角膜知觉较术前明显下降（P〈0．01）、BUT较术前明显缩短（P〈0．05）,均于术后6个月恢复（P〉0．05）;SIt值术后各时期平均值较术前均减少,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,术后1、3个月结膜上皮鳞状化生程度较术前明显加重（P〈0．01）。结论LASIK术后可引起不同程度的角膜知觉减退、泪膜稳定性下降、眼表组织损害,但随时间延长可有不同程度的恢复。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后干眼症分析

目的：探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（laser in situ keratomileusis LASIK）术后干眼症的相关因素。方法：观察816例1 632眼行LASIK治疗的近视患者术后干眼症状,其中术中将150例患者的左右眼角膜瓣蒂部随机置于角膜上方或鼻侧,分别于术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月行干眼问卷调查、泪液分泌量检查、角膜荧光染色、泪膜破裂时间检查。结果：术后1周、1个月、3个月干眼症状明显,与术前相比差异有显著意义;术后1周、1个月、3个月泪液分泌减少与术前相比差异有显著意义;术后1周、1个月角膜着色眼数明显增加,与术前相比差异有显著意义;术后1周、1个月BUT缩短,与术前相比差异有显著意义。角膜瓣蒂部位于上方组与位于鼻侧组之间术后干眼症状、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光染色、泪液分泌量无显著差异。结论：LASIK术后1周、1个月干眼患者较术前增加,术后6个月干眼缓解。角膜瓣蒂部位置对干眼症无显著影响。     

LASIK、ORK-CAT、ORK-Aph对角膜像差变化影响的比较

目的观察准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(LASIK)、角膜地形图引导的个性化LASIK(ORK-CAT)和角膜非球面切削LASIK(ORK-Aph)对角膜像差变化影响的比较。方法纳入研究133例(257眼)患者。手术方式由患者自愿非随机选择,其中35例(69眼)行常规LASIK治疗,51例(98眼)行ORK-CAT治疗,另47例(90眼)行ORK-Aph治疗。采用意大利Optikon2000角膜地形图仪,对患者进行术前,术后1周、1个月、3个月进行角膜地形图检查,并获取角膜前表面的波前像差参数。结果低度近视患者,ORK-CAT和ORK-Aph组整体高阶像差均方根值(RMSh)、球差增加值在术后1周、1个月、3个月均低于常规LASIK组(P<0.01);中度近视患者,在术后1个月、3个月时,ORK-CAT组RMSh、球差增加值低于ORK-Aph组(P<0.05);高度近视患者,ORK-CAT和ORK-Aph组RMSh、彗差、球差增加值在术后1周、1个月、3个月时均小于常规LASIK组(P<0.05),ORK-Aph组RMSh、球差增加值低于ORK-CAT组(P<0.05)。结论 ORK-CAT在中度近视患者中具有优越...     

飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗高度近视角膜曲率变化的观察

目的 观察飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)矫正高度近视手术后角膜曲率的变化.方法 选择行飞秒激光制瓣LASIK矫正高度近视患者64例(108眼),使用LDV飞秒激光制瓣,分别在术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月、1年用Pentacam三维眼前节分析诊断系统测量角膜前、后表面曲率.结果 术后3个月角膜前表面曲率(37.20±1.29)、近视度数(-0.23±0.49)、散光度数(-0.17±0.41)、等效球镜度(-0.20±0.56)及角膜厚度(439±32)同术后1周相比均发生变化,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);术后1周角膜后表面曲率(-6.26±0.27),术后1个月角膜后表面曲率(-6.29±0.28),术后3个月角膜后表面曲率(-6.26±0.27),术后半年角膜后表面曲率(-6.26±0.27),术后1年角膜后表面曲率(-6.30±0.27),同术前相比变化无统计学意义.结论 飞秒激光LASIK矫正高度近视术后角膜后表面曲率未发生明显变化,对于高度近视飞秒激光LASIK手术安全有效,但需要长期观察其安全性及有效性.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.