南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea的化学成分研究

 目的研究南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea的化学成分。方法采用柱层析法、Sephadex LH-20和反相半制备HPLC等方法分离化合物,根据波谱数据和理化常数确定其结构。结果从南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea分离得到10个化合物,鉴定为:(4E,8E)-2(hexadecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(1),(4E)-2(hexadecanoylamino)-4-octadecane-1, 3-diol(2),乙酰基苯乙胺(3),Cyclo-(Leu-Pro)(4),Cyclo-(Ala-Pro)(5),Cyclo-(Val-Pro)(6),2,4-二氯苯甲酸(7),胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷(8),胞嘧啶脱氧核苷(9),胆甾醇(10)。结论其中化合物1～9为首次从软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea中分离得到。     

工业大麻地上部分化学成分研究（Ⅱ）

目的 研究工业大麻 Cannabis sativa 地上部分的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱及HPLC等色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过理化性质与波谱数据分析鉴定结构。结果 从工业大麻地上部分的醋酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到20个单体化合物,分别鉴定为大麻色原烯(1)、次大麻色原烯(2)、次大麻酚(3)、(2E, 6Z)-2,6-壬二烯酸(4)、大麻艾尔松酚(5)、acetyl cannabispirol(6)、对羟基苯甲醛(7)、8-羟基乙酸芳樟酯(8)、羟基二氢博伏内酯(9)、次大麻艾尔松酚(10)、6-hydroxy-∆^(7,8)-cannabichromene(11)、cannabispiran(12)、cannabispiradienone(13)、13-羟基-9Z,11E,15E-十八碳三烯酸(14)、(±)-2,3,3a,5-tetrahydro- 1H-benzo[d]pyrrolo[2,1-b] [1,3]oxazin-1-one(15)、次大麻艾尔松酸B(16)、亚麻酸甲酯(17)、棕榈酸甲酯(18)、2,5-二叔丁基苯(19)、N-[2-(S)-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- phenyl)-acrylamide(20)。结论 化合物15为新天然产物,命名为大麻内酰胺A;化合物4、8、9、14、19、20为首次从该属植物中分离得到,且补充了化合物10、16的核磁共振碳谱数据。     

Anti‐leishmanial Activities of Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Drechslera rostrata and Eurotium tonpholium

The fungal extract of Drechslera rostrata and Eurotium tonpholium showed a significant anti‐leishmanial activity against Leishmania major; IC₅₀ was 28.8 and 28.2 μg/mL, respectively. Seven compounds, five from D. rostrata (H1–H5) and two from E. tonpholium (H6 and H7), were isolated and identified using different spectroscopic analysis including ¹HNMR, ¹³CNMR, Hetero‐nuclear multiple bond connectivity (HMBC), Hetero‐nuclear Multiple Quantum Correlation (HMQC), and EI‐MS. The isolated compounds are: di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (1), (22E)‐5α,8α‐epidioxyergosta‐6,22‐diene‐3β‐ol (2),1,3,8‐trihydroxy‐6‐methyl‐nthraquinone (3), aloe‐emodine 8‐O‐glucopyranoside(4), 2R, 3R,4R,5R hexane 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 hexole (Mannitol) (5), 1,8‐dihydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐anthraquinone (6) and 1, 4, 5‐trihydroxy‐7‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐anthraquinone (7). However, compounds (1) and (6) showed activity against L. major with IC₅₀ of 3.2 and 10.38 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, oral administration of the two extracts (100 mg/kg) and compounds 1 and 6 (50 mg/kg) showed very good activity when compared with the anti‐leishmanial drug Pentostam (125 mg/kg). Interestingly, the complete heeling activity of the extracts and compounds (1) and (6) was obtained after 13–17 days of treatment, while complete healing activity of Pentostam was obtained after 28 days. No alteration on liver and kidney functions was recorded on animals treated with the two extracts for 15 consecutive days. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity of khellactone derivatives from Angelica purpuraefolia chung

The methanolic extract of the rhizomes parts of Agelica purpuraefolia was investigated for its activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase assay method. Two natural khellactone, (+)‐4′‐Decanoyl‐cis‐khellactone (1) and (+)‐3′‐Decanoyl‐cis‐khellactone (2) were isolated from the rhizomes parts of A. purpuraefolia. Two compounds were evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activities as well as their cytotoxic potential on SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell line cells. Compounds 1, 2 showed notable growth inhibitory activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC₅₀ values from 1.5 and 2.4 μM. This compound showed no significant cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ > 100 μM) evaluated using SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell line cells. This is the first report on the antiplasmodial activity of the compounds from A. purpuraefolia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Resveratrol derivatives from Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Endl. display cytotoxicity and selectivity against several human cancer cell lines

Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Endl. (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in Nigerian ethnomedicine. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the stem bark extract of C. africana and isolated cytotoxic compounds was investigated. Three resveratrol derivatives: (E)‐resveratrol 3‐O‐rutinoside ( 1 ), 5‐methoxy‐(E)‐resveratrol 3‐O‐rutinoside ( 2 ), and pinostilbene ( 3 ), together with 3‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxybenzoic acid ( 4 ) were isolated from the methanol fraction of C. africana. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of their HREIMS and NMR spectra. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against four human carcinoma cells was determined using the MTT assay. Compound 1 displayed the highest antiproliferative effect on the cell lines, with IC₅₀ values of 16.80, 21.74, 17.89, and 17.44 μM, against MCF7, A549, PC3, and HepG2 human cancer cell lines, respectively. In addition, compounds 1 – 3 showed low toxicity against normal human prostate cell line, with selectivity indices greater than five across the carcinoma cells, indicating that the compounds possess potential in the development of low‐toxicity chemotherapeutic agents. These results support the traditional use of this plant in the treatment of cancer.     

Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity of phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum erectum thunb

The chloroform extracts of whole plants of Hypericum erectum were investigated for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Five phloroglucinol derivatives, otogirin (1), otogirone (2), erectquione A (3), erectquione B (4), and erectquione C (5) were isolated from the whole plants of H. erectum. Also, five compounds were evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activities as well as their cytotoxic potential on SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell line cells. Compounds 2, 4 showed notable growth inhibitory activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC₅₀ values from 5.6 and 7.2 μM. This compound showed no significant cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ > 150 μM) evaluated using SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell line cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

蓬莪术姜黄素类化学成分研究

目的研究蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis根茎的姜黄素类化学成分及其细胞毒活性。方法将蓬莪术根茎的95%乙醇提取物经石油醚、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇依次萃取,对醋酸乙酯萃取部位采用硅胶和葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、反相中压液相色谱、制备薄层色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等分离技术进行分离纯化,利用现代波谱学手段对分离的化学成分进行结构鉴定;采用MTT法对分离得到的化合物进行细胞毒活性筛选。结果从蓬莪术根茎的醋酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到4个姜黄素类化合物,分别鉴定为1,7-双(4-羟基苯基)-1E,6E-庚二烯-3-酮(1)、1,7-双(4-羟基苯基)-1,4,6-庚三烯-3-酮(2)、1,7-双(4-羟基苯基)-4E,6E-庚二烯-3-酮(3)和(1R,5S,6S)-1,5-环氧-6-羟基-1,7-双(3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯基)-庚烷(4)。MTT实验显示化合物1～3均可抑制人胃癌HGC-27细胞的增殖,仅化合物2对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞有抑制作用;化合物2和3还对人正常肝细胞L-02表现出强烈的毒性作用。结论从蓬莪术中分离得到4个姜黄素类成分,其中化合物1为新化合物,命名为姜黄素P。化合物1～3均具有一定的抑制HGC-27细胞增殖作用,其中化合物1可选择性抑制HGC-27细胞的增殖并对人正常肝L-02细胞无明显毒性作用。     

Bioactive Phenylpropanoids,Phenolic Acid and Phytosterol from Landolphia owariensis P. Beauv Stringy Seed Pulp

Landolphia owariensis P. Beauv is economically important for latex/rubber and folklore medicine. Its stringy seed pulp is freely eaten by humans and animals. Thus, L. owariensis stringy seed pulp was extracted serially with hexane and acetone to isolate and characterize its active pharmaceutical ingredients. Solvent/solvent partition and chromatographic separations afforded four bioactive compounds, (E)‐3‐(3,4‐Dihydroxylcinnamoyl)quinic acid [(E)‐Chlorogenic acid], I; (E)‐3‐(3,4‐Dihydroxylcinnamoyl)quinic acid methyl ester [(E)‐Chlorogenic acid methyl ester], II; 3,4‐Dihydroxylbenzoic acid, (Protocatechuic acid), III; and 22,23‐Dihydrostigmaster‐3β‐ol (3β–Sitosterol) (IV). Structures of I, II and III were assigned by combinations of high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and reference to published literatures, while compound IV was identified by chemical methods and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The phenylpropanoids and phenolic acid (compounds I, II and III) are notable standard antioxidants with confirmed hepatic‐protective activity and other exciting biological activities. Compound IV has been reported to possess anti‐inflammatory activity, anti‐colon cancer action and a cholesterol‐lowering effect. The described compounds are important medicinal constituents of L. owariensis stringy seed pulp, and this is the first major report on the phytochemistry of L. owariensis P. Beauv. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

6‐Acetoxy Cyperene,a Patchoulane‐type Sesquiterpene Isolated from Cyperus rotundus Rhizomes Induces Caspase‐dependent Apoptosis in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae) has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Although an anti‐tumour effect has been suggested for C. rotundus, the anti‐tumour effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of its bioactive compounds are poorly understood. The n‐hexane fraction of an ethanol extract of C. rotundus rhizomes was found to inhibit cell growth in ovarian cancer (A2780, SKOV3 and OVCAR3) and endometrial cancer (Hec1A and Ishikawa) cells. Among the thirteen sesquiterpenes isolated from the n‐hexane fraction, some patchoulane‐type compounds, but not eudesmane‐type compounds, showed moderate cytotoxic activity in human ovarian cancer cells. In particular, the patchoulane sesquiterpene 6‐acetoxy cyperene had the most potent cytotoxicity. In this regard, propidium iodide/Annexin V staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP (deoxynucleotide triphosphate) nick end labeling assay were performed to study cell cycle progression and apoptosis. 6‐acetoxy cyperene induced apoptosis, as shown by the accumulation of sub‐G1 and apoptotic cells. Furthermore, treatment with 6‐acetoxy cyperene stimulated the activation of caspase‐3, caspase‐8 and caspase‐9 and poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase in a dose‐dependent manner. Pretreatment with caspase inhibitors neutralized the pro‐apoptotic activity of 6‐acetoxy cyperene. Taken together, these data suggest that 6‐acetoxy cyperene, a patchoulane‐type sesquiterpene isolated from C. rotundus rhizomes, is an anti‐tumour compound that causes caspase‐dependent apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Anti‐inflammatory effects of chemical components from Ginkgo biloba L. male flowers on lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages

Ginkgo biloba L., well known as living fossil, have various pharmacological activities. Eighteen compounds were isolated from Ginkgo male flowers including a novel matsutake alcohol glycoside, Ginkgoside A ( 1 ), and 17 known compounds—calaliukiuenoside ( 2 ), benzylalcohol O‐α‐l ‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1 → 6)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 3 ), amentoflavone ( 4 ), sciadopitysin ( 5 ), bilobetin ( 6 ), isoginkgetin ( 7 ), olivil 4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 8 ), dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol‐4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside ( 9 ), (+)‐cyclo‐olivil‐6‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 10 ), (?)‐isolariciresinol 4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 11 ), coniferin ( 12 ), trans‐cinnamic acid‐4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 13 ), p‐coumaryl alchol glucoside ( 14 ), stroside B ( 15 ), methylconiferin ( 16 ), cis‐p‐coumaric acid 4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 17 ), and cis‐coniferin ( 18 ). Thirteen of these compounds had not previously found in Ginkgo. All extractive fractions and isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory ability in the lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW264.7 macrophages. The ethanol extract of Ginkgo flowers and the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions can significantly decrease nitric oxide (NO), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production at 100 μg/ml. The most effective compounds, bilobetin ( 6 ) and isoginkgetin ( 7 ), elevated the NO inhibition ratios to 80.19% and 82.37% at 50 μM, respectively. They also exhibited significant dose‐dependent inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor‐α, IL‐6, PGE₂, inducible NO synthase mRNA, and cyclooxygenase‐2 mRNA levels. So they can be promising candidates for the development of new anti‐inflammatory agents.     

Antiprotozoal activity of drimane and coloratane sesquiterpenes towards Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Plasmodium falciparum in vitro

The extracts and 12 sesquiterpenes obtained from the East African medicinal plant Warburgia ugandensis Sprague (Canellaceae) were assessed for their antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine‐sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine‐resistant (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum and antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. The dichloromethane extract displayed strong antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activities with IC₅₀ values of 8.10 and 1.10 µg/mL against K1 strain of the malaria parasite and STlB900 strain of T. b. rhodesiense, respectively. Among the compounds evaluated for inhibition of trypomastigotes, both drimane and coloratane sesquiterpenes possessing aldehyde groups at positions 8 and 9 were found to show most antitrypanosomal activity with IC₅₀ values in the range 0.56–6.4 µM. The antiplasmodial assays also revealed that the six coloratane and six drimane sesquiterpenes isolated from this extract exhibited significant antitrypanosomal activity with IC₅₀ values ranged from 0.45 to ?114 µM. Among the compounds tested against the malarial parasite P. falciparum 11?‐hydroxymuzigadiolide (3) was most active with an IC₅₀ value of 6.40 µM. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黄独鲜块根化学成分研究

通过石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱色谱等方法,对鲜黄独块茎Dioscorea bulbifera的95%乙醇提取物化学成分进行分离纯化,并运用波谱学技术手段对分离得到的单体化合物进行结构鉴定。从鲜黄独药材分离鉴定了18个化合物,依次为6-羟基-2,10,10-三甲氧基-9-蒽酮(1)、薯蓣皂苷元(2)、豆甾醇(3)、3,7-二甲氧基-5,3,4-三羟基黄酮(4)、2,7-二羟基-3,4-二甲氧基菲(5)、3,7-二羟基-2,4-二甲氧基菲(6)、2,7-二羟基-4-甲氧基菲(7)、2,7-二羟基-3,4-二甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲(8)、壬二酸(9)、8-表黄独素E(10)、1,7-双-(4-羟基苯基)-4E,6E-庚二烯-3-酮(11)、黄独素B(12)、二十五烷酸-α-单甘油酯(13)、2,7-二羟基-4-甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲(14)、1,7-双-(4-羟基苯基)-1E,4E,6E-庚三烯-3-酮(15)、6-乙氧基-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(16)、3,5,4'-三羟基联苄(17)、黄独素F(18)。其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物7,9,13,16为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Antiulcerogenic Activities of the Extracts and Isolated Flavonoids of Euphorbia cuneata Vahl

The total alcohol extracts of Euphorbia cuneata Vahl.(Euphorbiaceae) were screened for antiulcerogenic activity using an ethanol‐induced ulcer model at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg. The extracts possessed antiulcerogenic activity in a dose‐dependent manner. Four flavonoidal compounds were isolated and identified as naringenin, aromadendrin, apigenin and 4'‐O‐methoxy‐luteolin‐7‐O‐rhamnoglucoside, each demonstrating antiulcerogenic activity with curative ratios ranging from 75.78% to 88.23%. In addition, the alcohol extracts and isolated compounds were shown to scavenge the 1,1‐diphenyl,2‐picrylhydrazyl radical by different ratio, with the most effective being 4'‐O‐methoxy‐luteolin‐7‐O‐rhamnoglucoside (91.14%). The antioxidant activity of the alcohol extracts and the isolated compounds may explain the antiulcerogenic properties. No side effects were observed on either liver or kidney functions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Isolation and characterization of a new hispolone derivative from antioxidant extracts of Pistacia atlantica

The quantification of the total phenolic compounds of Pistacia atlantica showed that the different parts of the tree are rich in natural phenolic compounds. The antioxidant tests proved that the phenolic extracts have a strong antioxidant activity. The positive correlation between the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the amount of phenolic compounds confirms their contribution to the antioxidant activity. Among the various phenolic compounds isolated and characterized by spectroscopic methods, a new natural antioxidant 1 (methyl 5‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐3‐hydroxypenta‐2,4‐dienoate) derived from hispolone 2 has been isolated from the mushroom Inonotus hispidus growing on Pistacia atlantica. Hispolone 2 (6‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐4‐hydroxyhexa‐3,5‐dien‐2‐one) and hispidin 3 (6‐(2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)vinyl)‐4‐hydroxy‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one) have been also identified using spectroscopic methods, including 2D‐NMR and EI‐MS. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

In vitro evaluation of the antiplasmodial activity of Dendropanax morbifera against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum

Dendropanax morbifera Leveille (Araliaceae) is well known in Korea traditional medicine for a variety of diseases. The methanol extract of the lower stem parts of D. morbifera was investigated for its activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase assay method. Two cycloartane‐type glycosides oleifoliosides A (1) and B (2), and dendropanoxide (3), β‐amyrin (4), α‐amyrin (5) have been isolated from the stem parts of D. morbifera. All five compounds were evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activities as well as their cytotoxic potential on SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell lines. Compounds 2 and 3 showed notable growth inhibitory activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC₅₀ values of 6.2 and 5.3 µm . This compound showed no significant cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ > 150 µm ) evaluated using SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell lines. This is the first report on the antiplasmodial activity of the compounds from D. morbifera. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

In vivo and in vitro antimalarial activity of 4-nerolidylcatechol

4‐Nerolidylcatechol (4‐NC) isolated from Piper peltatum L. (Piperaceae) was evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (cultures of both standard CQR (K1) and CQS (3D7) strains and two Amazonian field isolates) and for in vivo antimalarial activity using the Plasmodium berghei‐murine model. 4‐NC exhibits significant in vitro and moderate in vivo antiplasmodial activity. 4‐NC administered orally and subcutaneously at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/day suppressed the growth of P. berghei by up to 63% after four daily treatments (days 1–4). Also, 4‐NC exhibited important in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both standard and field P. falciparum strains in which 50% inhibition of parasite growth (IC₅₀) was produced at concentrations of 0.05–2.11 μg/mL and depended upon the parasite strain. Interestingly, healthy (non‐infected) mice that received 4‐NC orally presented (denatured) blood plasma which exhibited significant in vitro activity against P. falciparum. This is evidence that mouse metabolism allows 4‐NC or active metabolites to enter the blood. Further chemical and pharmacological studies are necessary to confirm the potential of 4‐NC as a new antimalarial prototype. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inhibitory Effect of Phenylbutanoid‐rich Zingiber cassumunar Extracts on Nitric Oxide Production by Murine Macrophage‐like RAW264.7 Cells

Four phenylbutanoids, (E)‐4‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)but‐3‐en‐l‐ol (I), (E)‐4‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)but‐3‐en‐l‐yl acetate (II), (E)‐1‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)butadiene (III) and (E)‐3‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐4‐[(E)‐3,4‐dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex‐1‐ene (IV), isolated from Zingiber cassumunar, were used as standard markers for quantitative determination and preparation of phenylbutanoid‐enriched Z. cassumunar extracts (PZEs). A reversed‐phase HPLC method was established for the simultaneous determination of the phenylbutanoids in Z. cassumunar extracts. Systematic extraction studies to maximize phenylbutanoid content revealed that hexane was the most appropriate solvent for extraction. A one‐step purification of the hexane crude extract of Z. cassumunar, using silica gel vacuum chromatography, provided the PZEs. The content of phenylbutanoids in the PZEs was up to 48.3% w/w dry weight. The anti‐inflammatory activity of PZEs via inhibition of nitric oxide production by murine macrophage‐like RAW264.7 cells was stronger than those of the four individual phenylbutanoids, the crude hexane extract and the essential oil of Z. cassumunar. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

生藤化学成分研究

目的 :对生藤的化学成分进行研究。方法 :色谱法分离化合物 ,波谱和化学法进行结构鉴定。结果 :从生藤的茎中分离得到 8个化合物 ,鉴定为臭矢菜素A( 1) ,4 甲氧基水杨醛 ( 2 ) ,香草醛 ( 3 ) ,异香草醛 ( 4 ) ,4-甲氧基水杨酸 ( 5 ) ,异香草酸 ( 6) ,2 ,4- 二羟基 苯甲酸 ( 7)和 4 -羟基苯甲酸 ( 8)。结论 :除化合物 2外 ,均为首次从该植物中获得。     

Anticandidal Activity of Extracts and a Novel Compound,Amnomopin, Isolated From Petriella setifera

A novel triterpenoidal compound named ‘amnomopin’ (3β‐diglucoside‐5,12‐28‐oic acid), which is named IUPAC as 3‐O ‐(2′ ? 1″diglucoside)1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b‐octadecahydro‐10‐hydroxy‐2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a‐heptamethylpicene‐4a‐carboxylic acid, was isolated from the extract Petriella setifera . The total alcoholic extract of P. setifera showed a great activity against clinically isolated Candida species, including Candida albicans , Candida dubliniensis , Candida famata , Candida glabrata , Candida inconspicua , Candida kefyr , Candida krusei , Candida norvegensis , Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis . Also, the new compound amnomopin was active against all the investigated Candida species. The highest anticandidal activity of P. setifera extract was obtained against C. kefyr (22.6 ± 1.5 mm), C. albicans and C. norvegensis (21.3 ± 0.63 mm) and C. krusei (20.6 ± 1.5 mm). Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of both the total extract and the isolated compound were low. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the compound isolated from P. setifera was 0.49 μg/mL against C. kefyr , 0.98 μg/mL against C. albicans and C. norvegensis and 1.95 μg/mL against C. krusei. The oral dosing of the extract and the isolated compound did not show any significant effect on the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspirate aminotransferase and the levels of blood urea and serum creatinine. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.