RhoA-Rock信号通路在转化生长因子β1诱导大鼠腹膜间皮细胞转分化中的作用

目的　探讨RhoA-Rock信号通路在转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）诱导大鼠腹膜间皮细胞（RPMC）转分化中的作用。 方法　体外培养SD大鼠原代腹膜间皮细胞,静止24 h后,采用随机数字表法随机分为以下4组：正常对照组、TGF-β1（10 μg/L）刺激组、TGF-β1（10 μg/L）＋Y-27632（Rock特异性抑制剂,10 μmol/L）组（Y-27632预处理2 h）、Y-27632（10 μmol/L）组。用TGF-β1（10 μg/L）刺激RPMC不同时间,观察α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）,E钙黏素（E-cadherin）、Ⅰ型胶原（ColⅠ）的表达。RT-PCR法检测E-cadherin、α-SMA 和ColⅠmRNA表达。Western印迹法检测RhoA（包括总RhoA及活化的RhoA）、E-cadherin、α-SMA、ColⅠ和波形蛋白（vimentin）表达。活化的RhoA由膜蛋白提取试剂盒提取。 结果 （1）TGF-β1（10 μg/L）刺激RPMC能诱导RhoA活化,于10 min开始出现活性升高,为对照组的（2.57±0.52）倍（P < 0.05）;1 h达高峰,为对照组的（4.35±0.41）倍（P < 0.05）。（2）TGF-β1（10 μg/L）刺激RPMC能导致E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白表达下调,α-SMA、ColⅠmRNA和蛋白表达上调,呈时间依赖性。（3）Rock特异性抑制剂Y-27632能显著下调α-SMA、ColⅠmRNA的表达,较TGF-β1刺激组各降低了53.8%和55.7%（均P < 0.05）,并且能下调α-SMA、ColⅠ和vimentin蛋白的表达,较TGF-β1刺激组分别降低了42.6%、60.1%和58.1%（均P < 0.05）,但不能上调E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白的表达。 结论　TGF-β1可通过RhoA-Rock信号通路介导大鼠腹膜间皮细胞转分化,抑制该通路可作为防治腹膜纤维化的潜在靶点。     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

Pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF-β1 (P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h (P<0.01), and the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 persisted through 24 h (P<0.05). MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF-β1(P<0.05), peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h(P<0.01). Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 (P<0.05). TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.     

JNK对转化生长因子β1所致大鼠腹膜间皮细胞转分化的调控作用

目的 探讨c-Jun 氨基末端激酶(JNK)在转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导大鼠腹膜间皮细胞（RPMC）转分化中的调控作用。 方法 采用腹腔注射胰蛋白酶法分离培养RPMC，取第2代腹腔间皮细胞用于实验研究。观察TGF-β1对α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Ⅰ型胶原(ColⅠ)、E钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)以及磷酸化(p)JNK表达的影响；应用JNK特异性抑制剂SP600125预处理细胞后，观察其对TGF-β1所致上述作用的影响。RT-PCR法检测α-SMA、ColⅠ及E-cadherin mRNA表达；Western印迹法检测α-SMA、ColⅠ、E-cadherin及p-JNK蛋白表达；间接免疫荧光检测α-SMA在细胞内的表达和分布。 结果 TGF-β1刺激RPMC能导致α-SMA、ColⅠ蛋白表达上调，E-cadherin蛋白表达下调，呈时间依赖性。TGF-β1刺激RPMC 5 min出现p-JNK表达上调，10 min达高峰(P < 0.01)。SP600125能够抑制JNK的磷酸化(P < 0.05)，也能抑制TGF-β1诱导的α-SMA、ColⅠmRNA和蛋白的高表达以及E-cadherin表达的下调 (均P < 0.05)。间接免疫荧光结果显示，TGF-β1刺激RPMC 48 h，胞内α-SMA表达明显增多，SP600125能有效抑制其高表达。 结论 JNK在TGF-β1诱导大鼠腹膜间皮细胞转分化中具有重要的调控作用，JNK特异性抑制剂的应用可能为临床防治腹膜纤维化提供新的途径。     

1，25（OH）2D3对脂多糖作用下大鼠腹膜间皮细胞维生素D受体及肿瘤坏死因子α、转化生长因子β1表达的影响

目的 研究脂多糖（LPS）对大鼠腹膜间皮细胞（RPMC）维生素D受体(VDR)及肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）表达的影响,从而为1,25（OH）2D3在腹膜透析相关腹膜炎中的应用提供理论依据。 方法 胰蛋白酶消化法原代培养腹膜间皮细胞、传代、经鉴定后分组：(1)正常对照组;(2)脂多糖组：不同浓度的脂多糖（1、10、100 mg/L）分别作用6 h;10 mg/L脂多糖分别作用2、6、12 h;(3)1,25（OH）2D3作用组：10 mg/L脂多糖预孵育2 h后,加1,25（OH）2D3(10－8 mol/L、10－7 mol/L、10－6 mol/L)再作用6 h。RT-PCR法检测VDR mRNA的表达;Western印迹法检测VDR蛋白表达;ELISA法检测上清液TNF-α、TGF-β1的表达。 结果 与对照组相比,LPS组RPMC VDR mRNA和蛋白表达均显著下调（均P < 0.05）。与LPS组相比,1,25（OH）2D3组VDR mRNA和蛋白表达均显著上调（均P < 0.01）。LPS组上清液中TNF-α、TGF-β1浓度均显著高于对照组（均P < 0.01）;1,25（OH）2D3组上清液中TNF-α、TGF-β1浓度均显著低于LPS组（均P < 0.01）。 结论 LPS能下调RPMC VDR mRNA和蛋白的表达,上调TNF-α、TGF-β1表达。1,25（OH）2D3可逆转LPS的作用,上调RPMC VDR mRNA和蛋白的表达,并下调TNF-α、TGF-β1表达。VDR对腹膜透析相关腹膜炎具有一定的保护作用,并具有抑制腹膜纤维化的作用。     

罗格列酮对多囊肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞p38促分裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路的影响

目的 探讨罗格列酮对多囊肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞p38促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路的作用。 方法 分别用罗格列酮（RGZ,10 μmol/L）、过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ（PPARγ）抑制剂GW9662（10 μmol/L）、RGZ（10 μmol/L）+GW9662（10 μmol/L）、p38MAPK特异性抑制剂SB203580（10 μmol/L）、SB203580（10 μmol/L）+RGZ（10 μmol/L）处理体外培养的多囊肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞（PKD细胞）2 h后,再用表皮生长因子（EGF）刺激不同时间,另设置空白对照组和单独EGF刺激组。采用Western印迹方法检测p38MAPK、磷酸化p38MAPK（p-p38）、增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达;RT-PCR检测p38 mRNA表达;免疫细胞化学检测c-fos和c-jun的表达。 结果 (1) 与空白对照组相比,EGF显著上调p-p38、PCNA、 c-fos和c-jun的表达（P ＜ 0.01）。(2) 与EGF单独刺激相比,RGZ显著降低p38活化和基因表达（均P ＜ 0.01）。RGZ组、SB203580+RGZ组p-p38、PCNA、c-fos、c-jun表达明显下调（P ＜ 0.01）,两组间差异无统计学意义。(3) 与RGZ组相比,RGZ+GW9662组部分阻断RGZ的下调作用（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论 罗格列酮抑制多囊肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞增殖的作用机制可能与其降低p38MAPK活性,继而抑制PCNA、c-fos及c-jun表达有关。这种抑制作用是部分非PPARγ依赖的。     

上调Smad7表达对腹膜纤维化大鼠腹膜间皮细胞转分化的影响

目的探讨上调TGF-β抑制性信号蛋白Smad7表达对大鼠腹膜纤维化模型腹膜间皮细胞转分化的影响。方法30只160～170 g SD雄性大鼠.随机分为4组：正常对照组（n=6）;腹膜纤维化模型组（n=12）：予腹腔注射4.25%腹膜透析液与脂多糖;空载体组（n=6）：模型成功后转染pTRE与pEFpurop-Tet-on质粒;Smad7治疗组（n=6）：模型成功后转染pTRE- m2 Smad7与pEFpurop-Tet-on质粒。第14、28天杀检大鼠,取脏层腹膜组织,用RT-PCR方法检测TGF-B1、α-SMA、E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）基因的表达;用Western杂交或间接免疫荧光的方法检测TGF-β1、Smad7、磷酸化（p）-Smad2/3、α-SMA、E-cadherin的表达。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组TGF-β1、p-Smad2/3及α-SMA的表达显著上调（p〈0.01）;E-cadherin的表达显著下调（P〈0.01）。与模型组、空载体组比较,Smad7治疗组p-Smad2/3及α-SMA表达水平显著下调（P〈0.01）;E-cadherin的表达显著上调,但仍低于正常对照组（P〈0.05）。结论Smad7可通过抑制受体调控信号蛋白Smad2/3的活化,阻止高糖透析液及脂多糖介导的腹膜间皮细胞转分化,从而防止腹膜纤维化的发生和发展。     

氟伐他汀对血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的大鼠肾小管上皮细胞核因子κB活性的影响

目的 观察氟伐他汀对血管紧张素（Ang）Ⅱ诱导的大鼠肾小管上皮细胞（NRK-52E）内核因子（NF）κB活性的影响。 方法 将NRK-52E细胞分为（1）对照组;（2）不同浓度及时间AngⅡ组;（3）AngⅡ（10-6 mol/L）+SB203580（10 μmol/L）组;（4）AngⅡ（10-6 mol/L）+不同浓度氟伐他汀（10-7、10-6、10-5 mol/L）组;(5)AngⅡ（10-6 mol/L）+氟伐他汀（10-5 mol/L）+甲羟戊酸（10-4 mol/L）组。电泳迁移率变动分析法（EMSA）检测NF-κB活性变化。Western印迹方法检测p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)磷酸化水平。RT-PCR方法检测单核细胞趋化因子（MCP-1）mRNA表达。 结果 AngⅡ呈剂量依赖性上调NF-κB DNA结合活性、p38MAPK的磷酸化水平以及MCP-1 mRNA表达（P < 0.01）。AngⅡ(10-6 mol/L) 刺激5 min即可增加p38MAPK蛋白磷酸化水平（P < 0.01）。AngⅡ刺激30 min后NF-κB活性显著升高（P < 0.01）,2 h达高峰（P < 0.01）。p38MAPK 特异性抑制剂SB203580可阻断AngⅡ对NF-κB的激活作用（P < 0.01）。氟伐他汀可呈剂量依赖性下调AngⅡ诱导的NRK-52E细胞内p38MAPK磷酸化和NF-κB活化,以及其下游趋化因子MCP-1表达（P < 0.05）。甲羟戊酸（10-4 mol/L）可逆转氟伐他汀的作用（P < 0.05）。 结论 氟伐他汀可能通过抑制p38MAPK信号转导通路,下调AngⅡ诱导的NRK-52E细胞内NF-κB的活化。甲羟戊酸可部分逆转氟伐他汀的作用。     

P38MAPK 信号通路在高糖导致人腹膜间皮细胞 PARP -1激活、细胞外基质聚集及转分化的作用

目的：探讨人腹膜间皮细胞株 HMrSV5在高糖刺激下,P38MAPK 信号通路的活化情况及 PARP -1的蛋白表达情况。探讨 P38MAPK 抑制剂对腹膜间皮细胞外基质聚集及细胞转分化的作用及对 PARP -1的活性变化。方法：无血清培养 HMrSV5细胞株16~24 h 后,分别用高糖（终浓度138 mmol/ L 葡萄糖）刺激0 m、5 m、30 m、1 h、2 h、8 h、24 h,并选择等渗的甘露醇作为对照用。Western Blot 分别检测不同时间总的 P38MAPK 及磷酸化的 P38MAPK 的蛋白表达水平。同时用Western blot 检测在不同时间点 PARP -1的蛋白表达情况。无血清培养 HPMCs16~24 h 后,分为4各组：（1）低糖组（5．6 mmol/ L 葡萄糖）;（2）刺激组（138 mmol/ L 葡萄糖）;（3）抑制剂组（138 mmol/ L 葡萄糖＋ SB203580P38抑制剂,浓度为10μmol/ L）;（4）DMSO 对照组。在24 h 收取细胞用 Western blot 检测 P38MAPK、PARP -1、FN、PAI -1、E - cadherin 及α-SMA 的蛋白水平变化。结果：高糖以时间依赖的方式刺激 HPMCs 后,磷酸化的 P38MAPK 表达增加。PARP -1的表达在高糖刺激下也呈时间依赖性增高,24 h 已很明显。用 P38MAPK 抑制剂 SB203580后,PARP -1及 FN、PAI -1及α- SMA 也下调,E - cadherin 表达上调,差异有统计学意义（P 〈0．05）。结论：高糖可使得人腹膜间皮细胞 P38MAPK 通路的活化。运用P38的抑制剂,均能使得 PARP -1活性下调,同时逆转腹膜间皮细胞外基质聚集及 HPMCs 转分化。这提示在高糖刺激腹膜间皮细胞时,P38MAPK 参与了 PARP -1的活化,并参与腹膜间皮细胞外基质聚集及人腹间皮细胞转分化。     

加味当归补血汤对肾小管上皮细胞TGF-β1／SMADs信号转导通路的影响

目的：观察加味当归补血汤对转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）刺激的小鼠肾小管上皮细胞Smad3、Smad4、Smad7信号通路的影响，探讨该方防治肾间质纤维化的细胞分子生物学机制。方法：原代培养BalB／C小鼠肾小管上皮细胞．用TGF-β（1ng／ml）刺激24h，加味当归补血汤及洛汀新含药血清干预。共分6组：正常组、模型组、加味当归补血汤低中高剂量组（含药血清浓度分别为2．5％、5％、10％）、洛汀新组，观察各组细胞形态学变化，检测细胞Smad3、Smad4、Smad7的mRNA和蛋白质表达情况（PT—PCR、Western-Blotting）。结果：（1）TGF-β1刺激后，肾小管上皮细胞部分形态发生变大，伸长，呈梭形，经中药加味当归补血汤和洛汀新干预后，细胞形态又恢复正常；（2）TGF-β1刺激肾小管上皮细胞后，Smad3、Smad4 mRNA和蛋白质表达显著增加，Smad7 mRNA和蛋白质则显著减少（P〈0、05～0、01）；（3）各浓度加味当归补血汤能显著下调异常增高的Smad3，上调Smad7的基因和蛋白质表达水平（P〈0．05～0．01），能显著下调Smad4基因表达。结论：加味当归补血汤防治肾间质纤维化可能与调控肾小管上皮细胞TGF-β1／Smads信号转导途径相关。     

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶类和蛋白激酶C在转化生长因子β1诱导肾小管细胞结缔组织生长因子表达中的作用

目的了解转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）诱导肾小管细胞结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）表达的机制，特别是蛋白激酶C（PKC）和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）在CTGF基因表达中的作用及其对Smad磷酸化的影响。方法分别应用PKC抑制剂G06850以及MAPK的3个组成成分ERK、JNK和p38MAPK的抑制剂PD98059、U0126、SP600125和SB203580阻断相应通路，观察其对TGF．131诱导的CTGF表达以及Smad2／Smad3磷酸化的影响。结果TGF-β1（5μg／L）以时间依赖方式诱导HK-2细胞中Smad2／Smad3的磷酸化，从基础值0．87±0．09上升至2h时高峰2．350±0.11。PKC抑制剂G06850（5μmol／L）和ERK抑制剂PD98059（10μmol／L）、U0126（10μmol／L）可部分抑制TGF-β1诱导的CTGF表达，而p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580（20μmol／L）和JNK抑制剂SP600125（10μmol／L）对TGF-β1诱导的CTGF的表达无影响。PKC抑制剂G06850（5μmol／L）可减少TGF-β1诱导的Smad2／Smad3磷酸化，而ERK抑制剂PD98059（10μmol／L）和U0126（10μmol／L）对Smad2／Smad3的磷酸化没有影响。结论在肾小管上皮细胞中，TGF-β1诱导CTGF的表达需要PKC和Ras／MEK／ERK的参与。PKC以Smad依赖的方式参与肾小管上皮细胞中TGF-β1诱导的CTGF的表达，而Ras／MEK／ERK对CTGF表达的调节不依赖于Smads。     

转化生长因子β1对间皮细胞上皮-间质表型转化的调控及对胃癌腹膜转移的影响

目的：观察转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）对腹膜间皮细胞上皮-间质表型转化的调控及对胃癌细胞腹膜转移的影响。方法 TGF-β1作用人腹膜间皮细胞系HMrSV5,倒置显微镜下观察间皮细胞形态学变化。采用Western-blot检测上皮细胞表型蛋白（细胞角蛋白和E-钙黏素）、间皮细胞表型蛋白（α-SMA和弹性蛋白）及Smad2蛋白水平的表达情况。采用黏附试验观察表型转化间皮细胞对胃癌细胞系HSC-39黏附的影响。间皮细胞（8×104／孔）与胃癌细胞系HSC-39（4×104／孔）共培养,采用体外Transwell侵袭实验观察腹膜微环境变化对胃癌细胞侵袭能力的影响。结果 TGF-β1作用腹膜间皮细胞24 h后部分细胞转变为狭长型,72 h后间皮细胞转变为典型纤维细胞样外观。TGF-β1作用间皮细胞可诱导弹性蛋白和α-SMA表达上调,细胞角蛋白和 E-钙黏素表达下降,并且呈现时间依赖性变化（P＜0．05）。 TGF-β1作用15 min后,间皮细胞内磷酸化Smad2表达开始升高,30 min达到顶峰,较对照组增加432％（P＜0．01）;但总Smad2表达则无明显变化（P＞0．05）。 TGF-β1作用72 h后,间皮细胞与HSC-39胃癌细胞的黏附率较对照组增加（146±17）％（P＜0．05）。胃癌细胞与TGF-β1刺激的间皮细胞共培养48 h后,平均每视野转移癌细胞数目为61．1±11．4,较对照组（31．9±8．1）明显增多（P＜0．05）。结论 TGF-β1能够诱导间皮细胞向成纤维细胞样转化,Smad2信号转导通路在间皮细胞表型转化中发挥重要作用;而这种腹膜微环境变化可增强胃癌细胞的黏附和侵袭能力,为癌细胞转移播散提供适宜的“土壤”环境。