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1.
In vitro tissue culture models are often benchmarked by their ability to replicate in vivo function. One of the limitations of in vitro systems is the difficulty in preserving an orchestrated cell population, especially for generating three-dimensional tissue
equivalents. For example, tissue-engineering applications involve large high-density constructs, requiring a perfusing system
that is able to apply adequate oxygen and nutrients to the interior region of the tissue. This is particularly true with respect
to thick tissue sections harvested for in vitro culture. We have fabricated a microneedle-based perfusion device for high-cell-density in vitro tissue culture from SU-8 photosensitive epoxy and suitable post-processing. The device was tested for its ability to improve
viability in slices of harvested brain tissue. This model was chosen due to its acute sensitivity to disruptions in its nutrient
supply. Improved viability was visible in the short term as assessed via live-dead discriminating fluorescent staining and
confocal microscopy. This perfusion system opens up many possibilities for both neurobiological as well as other culture systems. 相似文献
2.
Flow Perfusion Culture of Marrow Stromal Cells Seeded on Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Holtorf HL Sheffield TL Ambrose CG Jansen JA Mikos AG 《Annals of biomedical engineering》2005,33(9):1238-1248
Calcium phosphate ceramics have been widely used for filling bone defects to aid in the regeneration of new bone tissue. Addition of osteogenic cells to porous ceramic scaffolds may accelerate the bone repair process. This study demonstrates the feasibility of culturing marrow stromal cells (MSCs) on porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds in a flow perfusion bioreactor. The flow of medium through the scaffold porosity benefits cell differentiation by enhancing nutrient transport to the scaffold interior and by providing mechanical stimulation to cells in the form of fluid shear. Primary rat MSCs were seeded onto porous ceramic (60% hydroxyapatite, 40% β-tricalcium phosphate) scaffolds, cultured for up to 16 days in static or flow perfusion conditions, and assessed for osteoblastic differentiation. Cells were distributed throughout the entire scaffold by 16 days of flow perfusion culture whereas they were located only along the scaffold perimeter in static culture. At all culture times, flow perfused constructs demonstrated greater osteoblastic differentiation than statically cultured constructs as evidenced by alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin secretion into the culture medium, and histological evaluation. These results demonstrate the feasibility and benefit of culturing cell/ceramic constructs in a flow perfusion bioreactor for bone tissue engineering applications. 相似文献
3.
Integration of a pump and an electrical sensor into a membrane-based PDMS microbioreactor for cell culture and drug testing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To the extent possible, artificial organs should have characteristics that match those of the in vivo system. To this end, microfabrication techniques allow us to create microenvironments that can help maintain cell organization
and functionality in in vitro cultures. We present three new microbioreactors, each of which allows cells to be cultured in a perfused microenvironment
similar to that found in vivo. Our microbioreactors use new technology that permits integration onto the chip (35 mm × 20 mm) of an electrical sensor,
in addition to one or more pumping systems and associated perfusion circuitry. The monitoring of Caco-2 cell cultures using
electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has allowed us to measure the effects of cell growth, cellular barrier formation and
the presence of chemical compounds and/or toxins. Specifically, we have investigated the ability of the electrical sensor
to maintain appropriate sensitivity and precision. Our results show that the sensor was very sensitive not only to the presence
or the absence of the cells, but also to changes in cell state. Our perfused microbioreactors are highly efficient miniaturized
tools that are easy to operate. We anticipate that they will offer promising new opportunities in many types of cell culture
research, including drug screening and tissue engineering. 相似文献
4.
Perfusion bioreactors are widely used in tissue engineering and pharmaceutical research to provide reliable models of tissue
growth under controlled conditions. Destructive assays are not able to follow the evolution of the growing tissue on the same
construct, so it is necessary to adopt non-destructive analysis. We have developed a miniaturized, optically accessible bioreactor
for interstitial perfusion of 3D cell-seeded scaffolds. The scaffold adopted was optically transparent, with highly defined
architecture. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was useful to predict the flow behavior in the bioreactor scaffold
chamber (that was laminar flow, Re = 0.179, with mean velocity equal to 100 microns/s). Moreover, experimental characterization
of the bioreactor performance gave that the maximum allowable pressure was 0.06 MPa and allowable flow rate up to 25 ml/min.
A method, to estimate quantitatively and non destructively the cell proliferation (from 15 to 43 thousand cells) and tissue
growth (from 2% to 43%) during culture time, was introduced and validated. An end point viability test was performed to check
the experimental set-up overall suitability for cell culture with successful results. Morphological analysis was performed
at the end time point to show the complex tridimensional pattern of the biological tissue growth. Our system, characterized
by controlled conditions in a wide range of allowable flow rate and pressure, permits to systematically study the influence
of several parameters on engineered tissue growth, using viable staining and a standard fluorescence microscope. 相似文献
5.
Kari K. Kalliokoski Jukka Kemppainen Kirsti Larmola Teemu O. Takala Pauliina Peltoniemi Airi Oksanen Ulla Ruotsalainen Claudio Cobelli Juhani Knuuti Pirjo Nuutila 《European journal of applied physiology》2000,83(4-5):395-401
Blood flow is the main regulator of skeletal muscle's oxygen supply, and several studies have shown heterogeneous blood flow
among and within muscles. However, it remains unclear whether exercise changes the heterogeneity of flow in exercising human
skeletal muscle. Muscle blood flow and spatial flow heterogeneity were measured simultaneously in exercising and in the contralateral
resting quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle in eight healthy men using H15
2O and positron emission tomography. The relative dispersion (standard deviation/mean) of blood flow was calculated as an index
of spatial flow heterogeneity. Average muscle blood flow in QF was 29 (10) ml · (kg muscle)−1 · min−1 at rest and 146 (54) ml · (kg muscle)−1 · min−1 during exercise (P=0.008 for the difference). Blood flow was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in the vastus medialis and the vastus intermedius than in the vastus lateralis and the rectus femoris, both
in the resting and the exercising legs. Flow was more homogeneous in the exercising vastus medialis and more heterogeneous
(P < 0.001) in the exercising vastus lateralis (P=0.01) than in the resting contralateral muscle. Flow was more homogeneous (P < 0.001) in those exercising muscles in which flow was highest (vastus intermedius and vastus medialis) as compared to muscles
with the lowest flow (vastus lateralis and the rectus femoris). These data demonstrate that muscle blood flow varies among
different muscles in humans both at rest and during exercise. Muscle perfusion is spatially heterogeneous at rest and during
exercise, but responses to exercise are different depending on the muscle.
Accepted: 16 June 2000 相似文献
6.
Christophe Provin Kiyoshi Takano Tomomi Yoshida Yasuyuki Sakai Teruo Fujii Ryo Shirakashi 《Biomedical microdevices》2009,11(2):485-494
Among the features of in vivo liver cells that are rarely mimicked in vitro, especially in microchips, is the very high cell density. In this study, we have cultured HepG2 in a plate-type PDMS scaffold
with a three-dimensional ordered microstructure optimally designed to allow cells to attach at a density of 108 cells/mL. After the first step of static open culture, the scaffold was sealed to simulate the in vivo oxygen supply, which is supplied only through the perfusion of medium. The oxygen consumption rate at various flow rates was measured. An
average maximal cellular oxygen consumption rate of 3.4 × 10−17 mol/s/cell was found, which is much lower than previously reported values for hepatocytes. Nevertheless, the oxygen concentration
in the bulk stream was not the limiting factor. It has been further confirmed by the reported numerical model that the mass
transport resistance on the surface of a cell that limits the oxygen supply to the cell. These results further emphasize that
access to a sufficient quantity of oxygen, especially through the diffusion-limited layer on the surface of a cell, is very
important for the metabolism of hepatocytes at such a high density. 相似文献
7.
Creating multicellular tumor spheroids is critical for characterizing anticancer treatments since it may provide a better
model than monolayer culture of in vivo tumors. Moreover, continuous dynamic perfusion allows the establishment of physiologically relevant drug profiles to exposed
spheroids. Here we present a physiologically inspired design allowing microfluidic self-assembly of spheroids, formation of
uniform spheroid arrays, and characterizations of spheroid dynamics all in one platform. Our microfluidic device is based
on hydrodynamic trapping of cancer cells in controlled geometries and the formation of spheroids is enhanced by maintaining
compact groups of the trapped cells due to continuous perfusion. It was found that spheroid formation speed (average of 7 h)
and size uniformity increased with increased flow rate (up to 10 μl min−1). A large amount of tumor spheroids (7,500 spheroids per square centimeter) with a narrow size distribution (10 ± 1 cells
per spheroid) can be formed in the device to provide a good platform for anticancer drug assays.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Liz Y. Wu and Dino Di Carlo contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
8.
R. J. Sherertz T. B. Karchmer E. Palavecino W. Bischoff 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2011,30(12):1571-1577
Infection Control became concerned when bloodstream infection (BSI) rates increased after implementing a needleless valved
hub connector. During a 21-month period three different needleless catheter hub connectors were evaluated by quantitatively
culturing blood drawn through hub connectors that would have ordinarily been discarded (DBC). DBC drawn through Clearlink™
catheter hub connectors were found to be twice as likely to be positive as DBC drawn through Clave? or Q-syte™ hub connectors
(P < 0.04). DBC grew pathogens 46% of the time and skin organisms 54% of the time. Patients with positive DBC were three times
more likely to meet Centers for Disease Control (CDC) BSI criteria by DBC cultures than by physician-ordered blood cultures
(CBC; P < 0.001). For patients growing pathogens in DBC, 64% had no CBC drawn, the average temperature was lower than for patients
with pathogens in CBC (99.3 ± 1.5 ve 100.6 ± 1.9, P = 0.015), and 92% of discharged patients (11 out of 12) were not treated with an antibiotic active against the DBC pathogen.
Drawing BC through a catheter hub connector carries a risk of false-positives that could increase BSI rates by up to 3-fold.
Further work is necessary to evaluate this concern. 相似文献
9.
《Biomaterials》2015
Decellularized organ scaffolds allow whole organ regeneration and study of cell behavior in three-dimensional culture conditions. Cell viability within the bio-engineered organ constructs is an essential parameter reflecting the performance of participating cells during long-term ex vivo culture, and is a prerequisite for further functional performance. Resazurin-based redox metabolic assays have been used to monitor cell viability in both two- and three-dimensional cell cultures. Here we developed a method for monitoring cell viability and proliferation in bio-engineered organ constructs using a resazurin perfusion assay. This method allows non-invasive, repetitive and rapid estimation of viable cell numbers during long-term ex vivo culture. As a proof-of-principle, we assessed the performance of two different endothelial sources and the impact of different perfusion programs on endothelial viability after re-endothelialization of decellularized lung scaffolds. The resazurin-based perfusion assay revealed changes in endothelial viability and proliferation during long-term ex vivo culture, which was consistent with histological assessment at different time points. Finally, we showed that this method could be used for assessment of proliferation and cytotoxicity after pharmacological treatment on a three-dimensional non-small cell lung cancer culture model. 相似文献
10.
R. Passerini D. Riggio D. Radice L. Bava C. Cassatella M. Salvatici L. Zorzino M. T. Sandri 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(1):95-98
This study performed a retrospective analysis on the relationship between blood culture time-to-positivity (TP) and type of
isolated microorganism, antibiotic administration, and immunological status of the patients. We analyzed the data related
to 1,218 positive blood cultures. When compared to Gram positive bacteraemia, the percentage of Gram negative growth was higher
and the mean TP significantly shorter (p < 0.0001). In patients receiving antibiotics, median and mean TPs of blood culture were different for Gram positive bacteraemia
(log-rank p = 0.0022, Wilcoxon p < 0.0001) but not for Gram negative (log-rank p = 0.4011, Wilcoxon p = 0.1585). No statistically significant effect on TP was found for sampling site, interaction between sampling site and antibiotic
administration, and immunological status of the patient. In conclusion, TP is independent of antibiotic therapy in cases of
Gram negative bacteraemia, while for Gram positive bacteraemia a prolongation of TP occurs. 相似文献
11.
Scott Ryan Green Richard S. Kwon Grace H. Elta Yogesh B. Gianchandani 《Biomedical microdevices》2010,12(3):477-484
This paper presents the in situ and ex vivo evaluation of a system that wirelessly monitors the accumulation of intimal tissue and sludge in a biliary stent. The sensing
element, located within the stent, is a magnetoelastic resonator that is queried by a wireless radio frequency signal. The
in situ testing uses a commercially-available self-expanding biliary stent enhanced with a 1 mm × 25 mm magnetoelastic ribbon sensor
(formed from Metglas™ 2605SA1). The stent has a conformal magnetic layer (consisting of strontium ferrite particles suspended
in polydimethylsiloxane) that biases the sensor. The external interrogation module is able to acquire a signal from the sensor
from a distance of at least 5 cm while the sensor is implanted in a porcine carcass and loaded with biological fluids. The
ex vivo testing uses bile harvested from the porcine carcass. The response of a 1 mm × 25 mm magnetoelastic ribbon sensor is first
calibrated with fluids of known density and viscosity, and the calibrated sensor is used to estimate that the viscosity of
the harvested bile is 2.7–3.7 cP. The test results presented in this paper illustrate the fundamental usability of the system
when the sensor is implanted, loaded by biological fluids, and interrogated in a surgical setup. 相似文献
12.
Summary. A Burkholderia cepacia DR11 strain was isolated during the survey of microorganisms from coastal water of deltaic Sunderbans. This strain always
released temperate phage BcP15 into culture supernatant. UV irradiation of the strain also induced phage induction. The phage
titer was 2.3 × 108. New temperate phage BcP15 has unusual structure. It has a hexagonal head, 65 nm in diameter and a tail 200 nm long, attached
with single thick wavy tail fiber (424–705 nm). Phage DNA is double stranded 11.9 kb long. Southern hybridization result indicated
that the phage DNA was in lysogenic state into the B. cepacia DR11 genome. SDS-PAGE of phage protein showed two major bands of molecular weight 20 kDa and 40 kDa. 相似文献
13.
S. Gröbner V. A. J. Kempf 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2007,26(10):751-754
For the rapid detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococci directly from blood cultures containing gram-positive cocci
in clusters, we implemented a real-time (LightCycler) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for the Staphylococcus aureus nuc gene encoding nuclease and the mecA gene encoding methicillin resistance. For the 475 positive blood cultures tested, the assay turned out to have 100% sensitivity
and 100% specificity for the identification of methicillin-susceptible (n = 108) and methicillin-resistant (n = 34) S. aureus. When coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were included, the overall sensitivity for the detection of methicillin resistance
was 93% and the specificity was 99%. Real-time PCR for nuc and mecA from blood culture bottles with staphylococci yields therefore a rapid (2–3 h) identification of S. aureus and CoNS including methicillin resistance. 相似文献
14.
Svinareva DA Nifontova IN Chertkov IL Drize NI 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》2005,140(3):334-337
The kinetics of hemopoietic precursor cells was studied in cultures treated with parathyroid hormone in a concentration of
10−7 M. Long-term culturing of bone marrow with parathyroid hormone did not change the number of mature cells, while the number
of precursors forming colonies in semisolid media increased 7-fold and the number of cells forming “cobblestone” areas on
day 28 increased 9–10-fold. After 24 h culturing of bone marrow cells on an irradiated sublayer pretreated with parathyroid
hormone for 8 and 12 weeks, the number of early hemopoietic precursor cells forming “cobblestone” areas on day 28 of culturing
increased 2- and 5.5-fold, respectively. The expression of Bmi-1 gene responsible for self-maintenance of stem hemopoietic
cells increased in cultures treated with parathyroid hormone. It seems that parathyroid hormone can be used for expansion
of hemopoietic stem cells ex vivo, which is essential for their transplantation to patients.
__________
Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 140, No. 9, pp. 320–324, September, 2005 相似文献
15.
T.-Y. Chuang C.-J. Lin T.-C. Chou H.-H. Huang S.-W. Lee P.-R. Hsueh 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2010,29(8):969-975
Sixty-five patients with main diagnosis of sepsis, who were directly admitted to the emergency department (ED) and had fatal
outcomes after transfer to the medical intensive care units (MICU), were included. Patients who died within 48 hours of MICU
transfer were defined as having rapidly fatal outcomes (RFO). The following clinical variables, including diagnosis of infection
source; results of blood, sputum, and urine cultures; management for sepsis in the ED and MICU and survival time, were analyzed.
There were 30 (46%) patients with RFO. The median survival time in the RFO group was 22.6 hours in MICU. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen isolated from blood (7/65, 10.7%) and relevant sputum samples (7/45, 15.5% ). Multivariate analysis
revealed that age, gender and positive sputum culture for K. pneumoniae (hazard ratio, 11.898, p < 0.001) were independently associated with RFO in septic patients. The median survival times for patients with positive and
negative K. pneumoniae sputum culture were 17 hours and 66.8 hours (p < 0.001, by the log rank test), respectively. This study found that positive sputum culture of K. pneumoniae was an important independent predictive factor of RFO in septic patients admitted to the MICU. 相似文献
16.
To determine the growth pattern and in vitro susceptibility of Blastocystis hominis to metronidazole (MTZ), garlic, ginger, white cumin, and black pepper. Stool specimens were collected from 16 irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS) and 10 controls between July–November 2010. Stool microscopy and culture for B. hominis was performed. Drug susceptibility assays was done using 0.01 and 0.1 mg/ml of MTZ, garlic, ginger, white cumin, and black
pepper. Effect was assessed on B. hominis culture after 48 h. Stool DNA was extracted using stool DNA extraction kit (Qiagen) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) done
using subtype-specific sequence-tagged-site primers. B. hominis genotype 3 and coinfection of 1 and 3 tended to grow well in culture compared to isolated type 1 infection. Exposed to MTZ
at a concentration of 0.01 mg/ml, 38% (6/16) B. hominis from IBS did not grow in culture compared to 100% (10/10) of B. hominis from control (p = 0.001). When they were exposed to MTZ at 0.1 mg/ml, 56% (9/16) B. hominis from IBS did not grow in cultures compared to 100% (10/10) from control (p = 0.01). Forty-four percent (7/16) B. hominis from IBS did not grow in culture compared to 100% (10/10) B. hominis from control when exposed to garlic at a concentration of 0.01 mg/ml (p = 0.003) and following exposure to garlic at 0.1 mg/ml, 38% (6/16) B. hominis from IBS did not grow in cultures compared to 100% (10/10) from control (p = 0.001). B. hominis isolates from IBS had a cell count of 6,625 at a MTZ concentration of 0.01 mg/ml that reduced to 1,250 as MTZ concentration
was increased to 0.1 mg/ml (p = 0.08). B. hominis from IBS with a mean cell count of 3 × 105 at baseline decreased to 1 × 104 when exposed to garlic at 0.01 mg/ml (p < 0.001) and to 1 × 103 (p < 0.001) when garlic was 0.1 mg/ml. B. hominis from IBS cell count decreased to 1 × 105 when exposed to white cumin at 0.01 mg/ml (p = 0.01) and to 1 × 105 (p < 0.001) when white cumin was 0.1 mg/ml. Exposed to black pepper at 0.1 mg/ml, cell count of B. hominis from IBS decreased to 1 × 105 (p = 0.01). B. hominis from IBS decreased to 1.3 × 105 exposed to ginger at 0.01 mg/ml (p = 0.001). B. hominis isolates were mostly genotypes 3, type 1 and 3 coinfection, and non-typeable B. hominis isolates. B. hominis isolates from IBS mostly genotype 1 demonstrated an increased sensitivity to garlic at 0.01 mg/ml with a B. hominis cell count of 3,714 compared to 6,142 when exposed to 0.01 mg/ml of MTZ. However, this sensitivity did not increase as garlic
concentration was increased to 0.1 mg/ml, for B. hominis cell count was 6,000 compared to 1,428 as MTZ was increased to 0.1 mg/ml. 相似文献
17.
Khong YM Zhang J Zhou S Cheung C Doberstein K Samper V Yu H 《Tissue engineering》2007,13(9):2345-2356
Innovative scaffold fabrication, angiogenesis promotion, and dynamic tissue culture techniques have been utilized to improve delivery of media into the core of large tissue constructs in tissue engineering. We have developed here an intra-tissue perfusion (ITP) system, which incorporates an array of seven micron-sized needles as a delivery conduit, to improve mass transfer into the core of thick liver tissues slices (>300 microm mass transport limit). The ITP system improves the uniformity and distribution of media throughout the tissue, resulting in improved cell viability over the static-cultured controls. The ITP-cultured thick liver slices also exhibit improved phase I and phase II metabolic functions and albumin and urea synthetic functions after 3-day culture, which is the minimal period required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for studying drug-drug interaction. This ITP system can also be used for culturing other thick tissue constructs of larger dimensions for various in vitro and in vivo applications, including bridging integration of the in vitro cultured constructs into living host tissues. 相似文献
18.
M. J. Bruins R. A. M. J. Damoiseaux G. J. H. M. Ruijs 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(8):1019-1021
Guidelines for the management of vaginal discharge mention Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis, Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae as causes and do not recommend full microbiological culture. The role of non-group B beta-haemolytic streptococci in vaginal
cultures is unclear, except for group A streptococci that are known to cause vulvovaginitis in children. In a case–control
study, we investigated the association between non-group B beta-haemolytic streptococci and vulvovaginitis in adult women.
Cases were women with recurrent vaginal discharge from whom a sample was cultured. Controls were asymptomatic women who consented
to submitting a vaginal swab. Group A streptococci were isolated from 49 (4.9%) of 1,010 cases and not from the 206 controls
(P < 0.01). Isolation rates of group C, F and G streptococci were low and did not differ statistically between cases and controls.
Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci are associated with vaginal discharge in adult women. The other non-group B streptococci
require more study. For the adequate management of vaginal discharge, culturing is necessary if initial treatment fails. Guidelines
should be amended according to these results. 相似文献
19.
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate a rapid quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the direct
detection and quantification of pneumococcal DNA bacterial load (DBL) in patients with pneumonia and empyema. DBL and molecular
serotype detection was determined by DNA quantification of the pneumolysin (ply) gene and an additional capsular gene by real-time PCR. Plasma or pleural fluid samples from children and adolescents with
confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia were analyzed. DBL was correlated with clinical parameters and outcomes. One hundred and
sixty-nine patients with pneumococcal pneumonia (145 empyema) had bacterial cultures and real-time PCR assays performed. Among
them, 41 (24.3%) had positive results for both, 4 (2.4%) had positive culture alone, and 124 (73.3%) had positive real-time
PCR alone. The pleural fluid DBL was lower in patients with prior antibiotics (p = 0.01) and higher in patients with positive culture (p < 0.001). The pleural fluid DBL was positively correlated with serum C-reactive protein (p = 0.009), pleural fluid neutrophils (p < 0.001), and pleural fluid glucose (p < 0.001). The plasma and pleural fluid DBL were higher in patients with ≥8 days of hospital stay (p = 0.002), and the pleural fluid DBL was positively correlated with the number of hours of pleural drainage (p < 0.001). Quantification of pneumococcal DBL by real-time PCR may be helpful for the diagnosis and clinical management of
pediatric patients with pneumonia and empyema 相似文献
20.
G. A. Athanassiou A. G. Moutzouri C. A. Gogos A. T. Skoutelis 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2010,29(7):845-849
Red blood cell (RBC) deformability is a major determinant of the ability of the RBC to pass repeatedly through the microcirculation.
A decrease in RBC deformability leads to tissue perfusion and organ dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to measure
the rigidity of RBCs from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive individuals and investigate its relation to immune
status and viral load. A filtration method based on the initial flow rate principle was used to determine the index of rigidity
(IR) of 53 samples from HIV patients and 53 healthy individuals. The mean IR was significantly increased in patients with
HIV compared to healthy individuals (P < 0.01). IR was inversely correlated with current CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts (P < 0.0001). High CD4 cell counts (>200cells/μl) are related to low IR values, independently of the viral load (VL). No differences
in rigidity were noted between the VL groups, although there was a trend towards an increased IR in patients with high VL
within the group of CD4<200. RBC deformability is decreased in HIV disease, in a degree mainly related to CD4 depletion. Further
studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and the role of VL in highly immunocompromised HIV patients. 相似文献