| 呼吸道传染性疾病鼻腔疫苗:进展与挑战 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄兴成,庄春兰,刘晓辉,胡潇文,吴婷. 呼吸道传染性疾病鼻腔疫苗:进展与挑战[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2023, 27(2): 231-237. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.02.017 |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄兴成 庄春兰 刘晓辉 胡潇文 吴婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 361102 厦门，厦门大学公共卫生学院，国家传染病诊断试剂与疫苗工程技术研究中心，分子疫苗学和分子诊断学国家重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划2020YFC0842600 |
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| 摘 要： | 呼吸道传染性疾病由于传播途径难以被有效阻断，易发生大范围流行，而鼻腔免疫被认为是极有潜力的疫苗接种途径。与传统的疫苗不同，鼻腔疫苗可同时诱导呼吸道局部和全身性系统免疫，具有在抵御呼吸道传染性疾病的第一线预防病原体感染和阻断传播的特点。目前已有安全有效的鼻喷流感疫苗获批上市。自COVID-19流行以来，多条技术路线的新型冠状病毒疫苗(简称新冠疫苗)采用了鼻腔免疫方式。本文拟综述目前已上市或进入临床试验阶段的呼吸道传染性疾病鼻腔疫苗研究进展，并讨论鼻腔疫苗的独特优势和面临的挑战。
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| 关 键 词： | 鼻腔疫苗 呼吸道传染性疾病 新型冠状病毒肺炎 新型冠状病毒 疫苗 黏膜免疫 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-12 |
Advances and challenges in intranasal vaccines development for respiratory infectious diseases |
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| Affiliation: | National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China |
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| Abstract: | The great challenge to prevent transmission makes widespread of respiratory infectious diseases easily occur. Intranasal immunization is considered to be a promising route of vaccination to prevent it. Different from parenteral vaccines, intranasal vaccines can induce mucosal immune in respiratory tracts in addition to systemic immune, which provide the first line of defense against respiratory pathogen infection and further prevent transmission. Safe and effective intranasal spray flu vaccines have been licensed. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, intranasal administration has been applied in different vaccine platforms. This article has reviewed the progress of intranasal vaccines for respiratory infectious diseases that have been licensed or are under evaluation in the clinical trials, meanwhile discusses its unique advantages and challenges faced. |
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