| 语言障碍儿童语言理解及表达能力分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 马良 单延春 刘小梅 傅芃 冉霓 衣明纪. 语言障碍儿童语言理解及表达能力分析[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2022, 28(14): 2028-2032. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.023 |
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| 作者姓名： | 马良 单延春 刘小梅 傅芃 冉霓 衣明纪 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛大学附属医院儿童保健科，青岛 266000 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究语言障碍儿童语言表达、语言理解能力，为其诊断和鉴别诊断提供重要参考。方法 选取2020年5月至2022年3月在青岛大学附属医院儿童保健科确诊的60例表达性语言障碍儿童、60例感受性语言障碍儿童作为试验组，同期门诊就诊的70例全面发育迟缓儿童作为疾病对照组，同期门诊体检的64例发育筛查正常的儿童作为正常对照组。表达性语言障碍组男38例、女22例，年龄（29.13±4.99）个月；感受性语言障碍组男36例、女24例，年龄（31.67±9.33）个月；疾病对照组男45例、女25例，年龄（29.44±7.95）个月；正常对照组男43例、女21例，年龄（30.05±6.64）个月。采用《婴幼儿语言发育进程量表》对语言的理解、表达能力进行评估，《0～6岁小儿神经心理发育量表》对神经心理发育进行评估。统计学分析方法采用单因素方差分析、SNK-q检验、χ2检验。结果 表达性语言障碍组表达性语言月龄、理解性语言月龄、表达性语言分数、理解性语言分数分别为（15.962±7.410）个月、（22.863±6.235）个月、（52.885±19.216）分、（78.205±17.100）分，感受性语言障碍组分别为（16.183±7.253）个月、（18.770±7.652）个月、（49.050±14.038）分、（58.043±12.050）分，与正常对照组［（35.939±11.127）个月、（35.908±11.211）个月、（117.804±22.277）分、（117.857±22.498）分］、疾病对照组［（11.461±5.360）个月、（12.506±3.321）个月、（37.640±10.732）分、（44.353±14.106）分］相比，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。表达性语言障碍组与感受性语言障碍组理解性语言月龄、理解性语言分数相比差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。表达性语言障碍组表达实际月龄差、理解实际月龄差、理解表达月龄差分别为（-13.172±4.225）个月、（-6.270±4.337）个月、（-5.622±5.274）个月，与正常对照组［（5.877±6.820）个月、（5.839±6.865）个月、（-0.188±1.053）个月］、疾病对照组［（-17.231±5.534）个月、（-16.866±7.317）个月、（-3.574±3.036）个月］、感受性语言障碍组［（-15.483±4.318）个月、（-12.897±4.048）个月、（-3.580±1.872）个月］相比，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。感受性语言障碍组与正常对照组相比在上述方面差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。感受性语言障碍组与疾病对照组理解实际月龄差相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 表达性语言障碍和感受性语言障碍儿童的语言理解、表达能力均落后于正常对照组；表达实际月龄差、理解实际月龄差、理解表达月龄差对区分语言障碍类型有重要参考意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 表达性语言障碍 感受性语言障碍 语言理解 语言表达 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-04-21 |
Analysis of language comprehension and expression abilities in childrenwith language barrier |
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| Ma Liang,Shan Yanchun,Liu Xiaomei,Fu Peng,Ran Ni,Yi Mingji. Analysis of language comprehension and expression abilities in childrenwith language barrier[J]. International Medicine & Health Guidance News, 2022, 28(14): 2028-2032. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.023 |
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| Authors: | Ma Liang Shan Yanchun Liu Xiaomei Fu Peng Ran Ni Yi Mingji |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Child Health, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266000, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To explore the language expression and language comprehension abilitiesin children with language barrier, and to provide important references for thediagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods From May 2020 toMarch 2022, 60 children with expressive language barrier and 60 children withreceptive language barrier who were diagnosed in Department of Child Health,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected as the experimentalgroup, and 70 children with global developmental delay who were treated in theoutpatient clinic during the same period were selected as the disease controlgroup, and 64 normal children who underwent the developmental screening ofoutpatient physical examination during the same period were selected as thenormal control group. In the expressive language barrier group, there were 38males and 22 females, aged (29.13±4.99) months; in the receptive languagebarrier group, there were 36 males and 24 females, aged (31.67±9.33) months; inthe disease control group, there were 45 males and 25 females, aged(29.44±7.95) months; in the normal control group, there were 43 males and 21females, aged (30.05±6.64) months. The language comprehension and expressionabilities were evaluated by the Infant-ToddlerLanguage Development Scale, and the neuropsychological development wasassessed by the NeuropsychologicalDevelopment Scale for Children 0-6 Year-Old. Statistical analysis wasperformed by one-way ANOVA, SNK-q test, and χ2 test. Results In the expressivelanguage barrier group, the expressive language age was (15.962±7.410) months,the comprehensible language age was (22.863±6.235) months, the expressivelanguage score was (52.885±19.216) points, and the comprehensible languagescore was (78.205±17.100) points; those in the receptive language barrier groupwere (16.183±7.253) months, (18.770±7.652) months, (49.050±14.038) points, and(58.043±12.050) points; there were statistically significant differencescompared with those in the normal control group [(35.939±11.127) months,(35.908±11.211) months, (117.804±22.277) points, and (117.857±22.498) points]and the disease control group [(11.461±5.360) months, (12.506±3.321) months,(37.640±10.732) points, and (44.353±14.106) points] (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in thecomprehensible language age and comprehensible language score between theexpressive language barrier group and the receptive language barrier group (all P<0.05). In the expressive languagebarrier, the actual age difference of expressing, actual age difference ofunderstanding, and actual age difference of understanding-then-expressing were(-13.172±4.225) months, (-6.270±4.337) months, and (-5.622±5.274) months, therewere statistically significant differences compared with those in the normalcontrol group [(5.877±6.820) months, (5.839±6.865) months, and (-0.188±1.053)months], the disease control group [(-17.231±5.534) months, (-16.866±7.317)months, and (-3.574±3.036) months], and the receptive language barrier group[(-15.483±4.318) months, (-12.897±4.048) months, and (-3.580±1.872) months](all P<0.05). There werestatistically significant differences in the above aspects between the normalcontrol group and the receptive language barrier group (all P<0.05). There was a statisticallysignificant difference in the actual age difference of understanding betweenthe disease control group and the receptive language barrier group (P<0.05). Conclusions The language comprehension and expression abilities in children withexpressive language barrier and receptive language barrier are lagging behindthose in the normal control group. The actual age difference of expressing,actual age difference of understanding, and actual age difference ofunderstanding- then-expressing have important references for distinguishing thetypes of language barrier. |
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| Keywords: | Expressive language barrier Receptive language barrier Language comprehension Language expression |
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