| Abstract: | Incorrect injection technique of insulin is a common problem worldwide, which can reduce the efficacy of insulin therapy and lead to poor glucose control. A cross-sectional, multiple-center survey from 44 hospitals was conducted from Nov. 2015 to Dec. 2015. Non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test were used for multi-parametric analysis. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify the factors associated with independent variables. Overall, a single needle was used at an average of 3.79 times, with the highest of 60 times. Analysis across all study participants showed that the frequency of a single needle was positively correlated with age (P = 0.029), duration of diabetes (P≤0.001) and number of complications (P≤0.001). Multivariable logistic regressions analysis of insulin pen needle reuse and needle compliance showed that age, income, education, marital status, duration of diabetes, quality of life and cost of drug were significantly related to needle reuse. From this survey, we found that reuse of insulin pen needle was common in China. Frequency of needle reuse was related to the patients’ demographic characteristics (income level, age, region, education, employment status and self-care), health-related variables (duration of diabetes, number of complications and EQ-5D index scores) and utilization of health services (clinical visits, hospitalization and cost of medications). |
