Lutzomyia longipalpis salivary gland homogenate impairs cytokine production and costimulatory molecule expression on human monocytes and dendritic cells |
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| Authors: | Costa Dirceu J Favali Cecília Clarêncio Jorge Afonso Lílian Conceição Viviane Miranda José Carlos Titus Richard G Valenzuela Jesus Barral-Netto Manoel Barral Aldina Brodskyn Cláudia Ida |
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| Affiliation: | Dirceu J. Costa, Cecília Favali, Jorge Clarêncio, Lílian Afonso, Viviane Conceição, José Carlos Miranda, Richard G. Titus, Jesus Valenzuela, Manoel Barral-Netto, Aldina Barral, and Cláudia Ida Brodskyn |
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| Abstract: | In this report, we describe an investigation of the effects of Lutzomyia longipalpis sand fly salivary gland homogenates (SGH) on cytokine production and expression of costimulatory molecules on human monocytes, macrophages (M![[var phi]](corehtml/pmc/pmcents/x03C6.gif) s), and dendritic cells (DCs). SGH of L. longipalpis induced an increase in interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and IL-12p40 production but a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-10 production by lipopolysaccharida (LPS)-stimulated monocytes. We also examined the expression of costimulatory molecules on the surface of monocytes, Ms, and DCs. Whereas SGH affected the expression of these molecules on monocytes and Ms, it had little effect on these molecules on DCs. However, when DCs were generated from human monocytes in the presence of SGH, SGH inhibited the expression of costimulatory molecules. In addition, a decrease in the maturation of DCs induced by CD40L was observed in the presence of SGH. Finally, preincubating SGH with human sera containing anti-SGH-specific antibodies abolished the effects of SGH on cytokine production by LPS-stimulated monocytes. |
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