| 12~14岁青少年体力活动动作能力与体质状况的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 李超,王荣辉,费夕,李红娟. 12~14岁青少年体力活动动作能力与体质状况的关系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(1): 23-27. DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.006 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李超 王荣辉 费夕 李红娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京体育大学运动人体科学学院/运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室，北京 100084 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题项目(ALA190015)； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究青少年体力活动、动作能力和体质之间的相关性以及体力活动、动作能力对体质的影响，为青少年体质促进提供理论依据。 方法 采用随机整群抽样法抽取北京某中学164名12~14岁的学生作为研究对象，动作能力发展采用动作能力测试量表第2版(Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, MABC-2)进行测量；体力活动采用加速度计(ActiGraph GT3X+)进行测量；体质测试选取《国家学生体质健康标准》(初中生部分)中的1 000/800 m跑、立定跳远和坐位体前屈。采用Pearson相关分析三者之间的相关性，采用多元逐步回归分析体力活动、动作能力对体质的影响。 结果 12~14岁青少年体力活动与体质之间存在低等程度正相关(r=0.24~0.30，P值均 < 0.05)，动作能力与体质之间存在低到中等程度正相关(r=0.21~0.42，P值均 < 0.05)。体力活动和体质量指数(BMI)可以解释31%的心肺耐力，体力活动、物体控制能力和BMI可以解释26%的肌肉力量，平衡能力可以解释5%的柔韧性。 结论 体力活动、动作能力和体质之间存在低到中等程度正相关，体力活动和动作能力可以影响少年体质水平。以促进动作能力发展和体力活动参与为切入点的综合干预对提高青少年体质水平具有现实意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 运动活动 体质 回归分析 青少年 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-17 |
Relationship between physical activity,motor skills and physical condition among 12-14 year-old adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | School of Sports Science/Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing (100084), China |
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| Abstract: | Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the interactive correlations and the influence of physical activity and motor skills on physical condition of adolescents, in order to provide a theoretical basis for adolescent's physical fitness promotion. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used to select 164 adolescents aged 12-14. The development of motor skills was measured by MABC-2(Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2), and physical activity was measured by ActiGraph GT3X+ type accelerometer. Physical fitness test selected "Chinese National Students Physical Fitness Standard(CNSPFS)" (for middle school students) in the 1 000/800 meters run, standing long jump and sitting forward flexion. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlations among physical activity, motor skills and physical fitness, and multiple stepwise regression was used to analyze the influence of physical activity and motor skills on physical fitness. Results There was a low degree of positive correlation between physical activity and physical condition(r=0.24-0.30, P < 0.05); There was a low to moderate positive correlation between motor skills and physical condition(r=0.21-0.42, P < 0.05). Physical activity and BMI could explain for 31% of cardiorespiratory endurance. Physical activity, object control and BMI could explain for 26% of muscle strength, balance skills could explain for 5% of flexibility. Conclusion There is a low to moderate correlation between physical activity, motor skills and physical fitness. Physical activity and motors skills are associated with adolescent's physical fitness level. Comprehensive interventions that promote the development of motor skills and participation in physical activity have practical significance for improving adolescents' physical fitness. |
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