| 中国儿童青少年体力活动与社会经济状况的相关性 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈军,袁勇,尹小俭,吴慧攀,侯宇欣,张祥,李佳威,康栩烨. 中国儿童青少年体力活动与社会经济状况的相关性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(4): 491-496. DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.04.003 |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈军 袁勇 尹小俭 吴慧攀 侯宇欣 张祥 李佳威 康栩烨 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海应用技术大学体育教育部，上海 201418 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市哲学社会科学2020年度规划课题项目(2020BTY 001)； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解中国儿童青少年体力活动(physical activity，PA)与社会经济状况(socioeconomic status，SES)的相关性，为针对性改善中国儿童青少年的体力活动水平提供理论依据。 方法 采取分层随机整群抽样方法，于2018年9—12月在中国6座城市共选取4 269名7~18岁儿童青少年作为研究对象，采用“中国7~18岁儿童青少年体力活动水平评价问卷”对被试进行PA与SES状况的调查，同时进行身高、体重的测量。 结果 在不同强度PA方面，低SES组在低强度体力活动(LPA)、中等强度体力活动(MPA)、中高强度体力活动(MVPA)、总体力活动(TPA)上的时间分别为28.5(6.9，57.1)、46.2(25.7，79.2)、61.4(34.3，101.9)及102.9(65.0，145.8)min/d，均高于中SES组[21.4(4.3，50.7)、37.1(18.6，65.7)、50.3(27.1，86.8)、85.7(49.3，127.1)min/d]、高SES组[24.3(5.0，54.3)、40.0(21.4，69.1)、54.3(32.9，91.4)、89.6(55.7，132.9)min/d](P值均 < 0.01)；在不同类型PA方面，低SES组的交通类PA[40.0(15.0，68.6)min/d]与娱乐类PA[4.3(0，17.1)min/d]时间最长，高SES组的运动类PA[36.4(20.7，60.7)min/d]时间最长，差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)；在MVPA达标率上，低、中、高SES组分别为51.1%，42.5%和45.2%，差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.02，P < 0.05)；控制混杂因素后，低SES组的MVPA达标率是高SES组的1.24倍(P < 0.01)。 结论 SES处于中等水平的儿童青少年的MVPA及TPA时长最低；低SES组交通类及娱乐类PA时长较长，而高SES组运动类PA时长较长。
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| 关 键 词： | 运动活动 社会经济因素 回归分析 儿童 青少年 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-07 |
Correlation between children and adolescents physical activity and socioeconomic status in China |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Physical Education Department Shanghai University of Technology, Shanghai (201418), China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To understand the correlation between physical activity (PA) and socioeconomic status (SES) among Chinese children and adolescents, and to provide theoretical basis for physical activity promotion for Chinese children and adolescents. Methods By using stratified random cluster sampling, a total of 4 269 children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 were selected from six cities in China from September to December 2018. Physical Activity Level Evaluation Questionnaire of Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7 to 18 was used to investigate PA and SES, and the height and weight were measured. Results In terms of different intensity of PA, the time spent on light-intensity physical activity(LPA), moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)and total physical activity(TPA) in low SES group was 28.5(6.9, 57.1) min/d, 46.2(25.7, 79.2) min/d, 61.4(34.3, 101.9) min/d and 102.9(65.0, 145.8)min/d respectively, which was higher than that in middle SES groups [21.4 (4.3, 50.7), 37.1(18.6, 65.7), 50.3(27.1, 86.8), 85.7(49.3, 127.1) min/d] and high SES groups [24.3(5.0, 54.3), 40.0(21.4, 69.1), 54.3(32.9, 91.4), 89.6(55.7, 132.9) min/d](P < 0.01). In terms of different types of PA, the traffic PA [40.0(15.0, 68.6) min/d] and entertainment PA[4.3(0, 17.1)min/d] accounted the highest proportion in low SES group, while sports PA [36.4(20.7, 60.7) min/d] accounted the highest proportion in high SES group(P < 0.01).The compliance rates of MVPA in low, middle and high SES groups were 51.1%, 42.5% and 45.2%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=22.02, P < 0.05). After controlling for confounding factors, the detection rate of MVPA in the low SES group was 1.24 times higher than that in the high SES group (P < 0.01). Conclusion The MVPA and TPA time of children and adolescents with middle SES group were the lowest. Physical activities spent on traffic and entertainment account highest in low SES group, while physical activities spent on sports account highest in high SES group. |
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