| 2018—2021年成都市自愿咨询检测人群HIV确证阳性特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 金宇,崔莹,刘晓玲,黄怡丹. 2018—2021年成都市自愿咨询检测人群HIV确证阳性特征分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2022, 0(12): 2281-2286 |
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| 作者姓名： | 金宇 崔莹 刘晓玲 黄怡丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都医学院第二附属医院·核工业四一六医院检验科，四川 成都 610051 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解成都市艾滋病自愿咨询检测（VCT）人群人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）确证阳性人群特征，为艾滋病防控提供依据。方法 收集2018年4月—2021年6月于成都市某VCT门诊咨询并完成抗-HIV筛查人群门诊数据，统计HIV确证情况，分析确证者人群特征；采用Cochran - Armitage trend法评价不同高危类型求询者HIV确证阳性率趋势；追踪不确定者随访结果。结果 共完成3 590份抗 - HIV样本筛查，确证阳性率为20.45%，且各年度HIV确证结果比较差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 7.812，P = 0.252）。男性（χ2 = 78.938，P＜0.001）、年龄＜30岁（χ2 = 12.894，P = 0.005）、男男性行为（χ2 = 50.850，P＜0.001）、注射吸毒史（χ2 = 21.477，P＜0.001）、配偶/固定性伴阳性（χ2 = 16.171，P＜0.001）、商业异性性行为史（χ2 = 41.147，P＜0.001）、非商业非固定异性性行为史（χ2 = 6.030，P = 0.014）、医疗相关问题人群（χ2 = 7.644，P = 0.006）HIV确证阳性率较同类别人群更高。确证阳性者“新国八条”整体知晓率40.33%，低于非确证阳性者的51.16%（χ2 = 27.400，P＜0.001）。男男性行为（Z = - 21.593，P＜0.001）、医疗相关问题阳性率（Z = - 7.246，P = 0.007）呈下降趋势；商业异性性行为（Z = 4.712，P = 0.030）、非商业非固定异性性行为阳性率（Z = 10.330，P = 0.001）呈上升趋势。126例不确定者共54例（42.86%）在建议时间内随访复查，其中转为确证阳性43例（79.63%）。结论 VCT人群整体HIV确证阳性率较高，应将男性、年龄＜30岁、男男性行为、注射吸毒史、配偶/固定性伴阳性、商业异性性行为史、非商业非固定异性性行为史、医疗相关问题人群列为宣传重点人群，加强艾滋病防控知识宣教，同时应注意目标人群行为变化特征，加强不确定者随访管理。
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| 关 键 词： | HIV 自愿咨询检测 抗 - HIV筛查 确证试验 |
Analysis of HIV positive confirmation characteristics of voluntary counseling and testing population in Chengdu from 2018 to 2021 |
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| JIN Yu,CUI Ying,LIU Xiao-ling,HUANG Yi-dan. Analysis of HIV positive confirmation characteristics of voluntary counseling and testing population in Chengdu from 2018 to 2021[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2022, 0(12): 2281-2286 |
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| Authors: | JIN Yu CUI Ying LIU Xiao-ling HUANG Yi-dan |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To understand the characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) confirmed positive population in Chengdu voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) population to provide a basis for HIV prevention and control. Methods The outpatient data of patients who consulted and completed anti-HIV screening in a VCT outpatient clinic in Chengdu were collected between April 2018 and June 2021. The HIV confirmation status was statistically analyzed and the characteristics of confirmed population were analyzed. Cochran-Armitage trend method was used to evaluate the confirmed positive rate of HIV among different high-risk types of inquirers. The follow-up status of unconfirmed people was tracked. Results A total of 3 590 anti-HIV samples were screened, and the confirmation rate was 20.45%. Males (χ2=78.938, P<0.001), age <30 years (χ2=12.894, P=0.005), men who have sex with men (χ2=50.850, P<0.001), history of injection drug use (χ2=21.477, P<0.001), positive spouse/regular partner (χ2=16.171, P<0.001), history of commercial heterosexual sex (χ2=41.147, P<0.001), history of non-commercial non-regular heterosexual sex (χ2=6.030, P=0.014), and medical-related problems (χ2=7.644, P=0.006) had higher rates of confirmed HIV positivity than their counterparts. The overall awareness rate of “New 8 rules” was 40.33% among confirmed positive patients, which was lower than that of 51.16% among non-confirmed positive patients (χ2=27.400, P<0.001). There was a decreasing trend for men who have sex with men (Z=-21.593, P<0.001) and medical-related problems (Z=-7.246, P=0.007), and an increasing trend for commercial heterosexual sex (Z=4.712, P=0.030) and non-commercial non-fixed heterosexual sex (Z=10.330, P=0.001). Out of the 126 cases of uncertainty, 54 cases (42.86%) were followed up and retested within the recommended time, of which 43 cases (79.63%) were confirmed positive. Conclusion The VCT population as a whole has a high rate of confirmed HIV positivity, and should include men, age <30 years, men who have sex with men, history of injecting drug use, positive spouse/regular sexual partner, history of commercial heterosexual sex, history of non-commercial non-regular heterosexual sex, and people with medical-related problems as key populations for the promotion of HIV prevention and control. We should pay attention to the behavioral change characteristics of the target population and strengthen the follow-up of the indeterminate management. |
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| Keywords: | HIV Voluntary counseling and testing Anti-HIV screening Confirmatory test |
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