| 2019—2021年淄博市重点职业病监测与职业健康风险分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 卢立云,李宁,姜程,孙晓晨,苏东红,王晓芳,于平,伊健. 2019—2021年淄博市重点职业病监测与职业健康风险分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2022, 0(20): 3685-3691. DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202205128 |
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| 作者姓名： | 卢立云 李宁 姜程 孙晓晨 苏东红 王晓芳 于平 伊健 |
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| 作者单位： | 淄博市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所，山东 淄博255000 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（2017WS377）；;淄博市科技发展计划项目（2017KJ010093）； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 分析淄博市2019—2021年重点职业病监测和工作场所职业病危害因素监测结果，为制定和调整本市重点职业病防治策略提供技术参考。方法 通过相关监测信息系统收集淄博市2019—2021年重点职业病监测和工作场所职业病危害因素监测数据，用率、构成比和χ2检验进行描述性分析重点监测职业病危害作业劳动者体检情况、企业现场危害因素检测情况、职业病报告情况。结果 2019—2021年淄博市存在重点监测的职业病危害因素的企业24 384家，监测接害劳动者457 899人次，接受职业健康检查331 706人次，实检率为72.44%(331 706/457 899)，其中疑似职业病检出率为0.03%(92/331 706)，各职业病危害因素可能导致的疑似职业病检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2危害=271.400,P危害<0.001)，但年度变化趋势不显著(趋势χ2年度=0.000,P年度=0.991)；职业禁忌证检出率为2.20%(7 308/331 706)，各职业病危害因素接触劳动者禁...
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| 关 键 词： | 重点职业病 职业病危害因素 职业健康检查 职业病报告 |
Monitoring and occupational health risk analysis of key occupational diseases in Zibo city from 2019 to 2021 |
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| LU Li-yun,LI Ning,JIANG Cheng,SUN Xiao-chen,SU Dong-hong,WANG Xiao-fang,YU Ping,YI Jian. Monitoring and occupational health risk analysis of key occupational diseases in Zibo city from 2019 to 2021[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2022, 0(20): 3685-3691. DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202205128 |
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| Authors: | LU Li-yun LI Ning JIANG Cheng SUN Xiao-chen SU Dong-hong WANG Xiao-fang YU Ping YI Jian |
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| Affiliation: | Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To analyze the monitoring results of key occupational diseases and workplace occupational disease hazard factors in Zibo city from 2019 to 2021, and to provide a technical reference for the formulation and adjustment of key occupational disease prevention and control strategies in Zibo city. Methods Through the relevant monitoring information system, the data of key occupational disease monitoring and workplace occupational disease hazard factor monitoring in Zibo city from 2019 to 2021 were collected, and the rate, composition ratio and χ2 test were used to describe and analyze the physical examination of workers working on occupational disease hazards, the detection of on-site hazard factors in enterprises, and the report of occupational diseases. Results There were 24 384 enterprises with key monitoring occupational disease hazard factors in Zibo city from 2019 to 2021, 457 899 workers were monitored and 331 706 people were examined for occupational health. The actual examination rate was 72.44% (331 706/457 899), of which the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases was 0.03% (92/331 706). The difference in the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases caused by various occupational disease hazard factors was statistically significant (χ2hazard=271.400, Pharm<0.001), but the annual change trend was not significant (trend χ2year=0.000, Pyear=0.991). The detection rate of occupational contraindications was 2.20% (7 308/331 706). There was a difference in the detection rate of contraindications among workers exposed to occupational disease hazard factors (χ2hazard=651.652, P<0.001), and it showed an increasing trend with the annual change (χ2trend=10 840.288, P<0.001). The abnormal detection rate of special inspection indicators showed an upward trend year by year (χ2trend=1 376.639, P<0.001). The abnormal detection rate of workers exposed to noise(7.99%, 17 486/218 863) was significantly higher than that of other workers (χ2harm=4 703.04, P<0.001). The over-standard rate of key occupational disease hazard factors in on-site testing posts showed an upward trend year by year (χ2trend=349.277, P<0.001), and noise had the highest rate (7.80%, 402/5 151), followed by silicon dust (6.26%, 110/1 757), which were significantly higher than other posts (χ2=52.569, P<0.001). The rate of exceeding the standard of site monitoring points showed an upward trend in 3 years (χ2=521.697, P<0.001), and the excess rate was the highest for noise (9.86%, 762/7 726), followed by silicon dust (7.22%, 150/2 077), which was significantly higher than other hazard factors (χ2=100.836, P<0.001). There were 294 new cases of occupational diseases in Zibo city from 1919 to 2021, of which 242 cases were mainly monitored (accounting for 82.31%). The number of cases in 3 years were 98, 81, and 63 respectively, showing a downward trend year by year. Among the seven occupational diseases under key monitoring, coal workers’ pneumoconiosis accounted for the highest proportion (47.93%), followed by silicosis (43.80%), noise deafness third (4.55%), and other diseases (3.72%). Conclusion The detection rate of occupational contraindications and abnormal special inspection indexes of key occupational diseases surveillance in Zibo city from 2019 to 2021 showed an upward trend year by year, and the detection rate of abnormal special inspection indexes of workers exposed to noise was the highest. The over-standard rate of occupational disease hazard monitoring posts and monitoring sites in the workplace showed an upward trend year by year, followed by noise and silica dust. Occupational disease cases reported coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and silicosis ranked the top two, and noise deafness ranked the third. |
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| Keywords: | Key occupational diseases Occupational disease hazard factors Occupational health examination Occupational disease report |
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