| 孕期环境暴露对早产和低出生体重影响的队列研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 岳和欣, 冯雅慧, 湛永乐, 石英杰, 陈云利, 王雅文, 吴散散, 蔡姝雅, 马海会, 江宇. 孕期环境暴露对早产和低出生体重影响的队列研究[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2020, 24(11): 1246-1251. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.11.002 |
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| 作者姓名： | 岳和欣 冯雅慧 湛永乐 石英杰 陈云利 王雅文 吴散散 蔡姝雅 马海会 江宇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.100730 北京，中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院;2.300020 天津，中国医学科学院血液病医院，中国医学科学院血液学研究所，实验血液学国家重点实验室国家血液病临床医学研究中心;3.101149 北京，北京市通州区妇幼保健院 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探讨中国孕妇孕期环境暴露和新生儿早产及低出生体重的关系。 方法 采用自行设计的孕期环境暴露调查问卷，问卷内容包括被动吸烟、通风情况、装修情况、臭水沟、垃圾站、化工厂、高温、辐射、噪声和粉尘等环境暴露因素，对中国孕产妇队列研究项目中的孕妇进行问卷调查，随访收集新生儿的出生情况。关联性分析采用Logistic回归分析模型。 结果 本研究以6 189名孕妇为研究对象，其中283名(4.57%)孕妇早产，分娩202名(3.26%)低出生体重儿，调整年龄、民族、户口、文化程度、职业、家庭年收入、孕前体重指数(body mass index，BMI)以及产次等因素后，Logistic回归分析模型分析显示，与未接触噪声的孕妇相比，孕妇孕期在工作或居家环境中暴露于噪声环境更容易发生早产(OR=1.668，95% CI：1.197~2.323)；与未接触高温的孕妇相比，孕期在工作或居家环境中暴露于高温环境的孕妇更容易发生早产(OR=2.237，95% CI：1.171~4.274)。尚未发现其他环境暴露因素与早产和低出生体重的相关性。 结论 孕期暴露于噪声和高温环境是孕妇早产的危险因素。积极开展健康宣教，减少孕妇孕期在生活工作环境中的噪声和高温暴露，可能有助于降低早产的发生风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 早产 低出生体重 环境暴露 队列研究 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-09-13 |
Effects of environmental exposure during pregnancy on preterm birth and low birth weight: a cohort study |
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| YUE He-xin, FENG Ya-hui, ZHAN Yong-le, SHI Ying-jie, CHEN Yun-li, WANG Ya-wen, WU San-san, CAI Shu-ya, MA Hai-hui, JIANG Yu. Effects of environmental exposure during pregnancy on preterm birth and low birth weight: a cohort study[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2020, 24(11): 1246-1251. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.11.002 |
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| Authors: | YUE He-xin FENG Ya-hui ZHAN Yong-le SHI Ying-jie CHEN Yun-li WANG Ya-wen WU San-san CAI Shu-ya MA Hai-hui JIANG Yu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China;3. Tongzhou Maternal & Child Health Hostipal of Beijing, Beijing 101149, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal environmental exposure during pregnancy and neonatal preterm delivery and low birth weight. Methods A self-designed questionnaire of environmental exposure during pregnancy was used, including factors such as passive smoking, ventilation, decoration, gutter, garbage station, chemical plant, high temperature, radiation, noise, dust and others. A questionnaire survey was conducted among pregnant women in the Chinese Maternal Pregnant Women Cohort Study, and the birth status of newborns was collected. Correlation analysis was carried out by logistic liner regression model. Results A total of 6 189 pregnant women recruited were in our study, including 283 cases of premature birth (4.57%) and 202 cases of low birth weight (3.26%). After adjusting for age, nationality, registered residence, education, occupation, annual family income, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and parity other factors, logistic liner regression model showed that pregnant women exposed to noise during pregnancy were more likely to have preterm delivery than those who were not exposed to noise during pregnancy (OR=1.668, 95% CI: 1.197-2.323). Pregnant women who were exposed to high temperatures at work or at home during pregnancy were more likely to have preterm labor than those who were not (OR=2.237, 95% CI: 1.171-4.274). For other environmental exposure factors, no association were found with preterm delivery and low birth weight. Conclusions Exposure to noise and high temperature during pregnancy may be the risk factors of preterm delivery. Actively carry out health education to reduce the noise and high temperature exposure of pregnant women in the working and living environment, may help to reduce the risk of preterm delivery. |
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| Keywords: | Preterm delivery Low birth weight Environmental exposure Cohort study |
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