| 浦东新区小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 任亚萍,沈惠平,柏品清,胡卉,鹿文英,邬天凤,秦存. 浦东新区小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(11): 1688. DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.11.025 |
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| 作者姓名： | 任亚萍 沈惠平 柏品清 胡卉 鹿文英 邬天凤 秦存 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心/复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海,200136 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会科技发展专项基金资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 探讨上海市浦东新区小学生伤害流行病学特征及其影响因素,为制定伤害的干预措施提供科学依据.方法 采用随机分层整群抽样方法对上海市浦东新区6 093名小学生进行伤害问卷调查,回顾过去1年内伤害发生情况,分析其影响因素.结果 小学生伤害发生率为22.99%;男生伤害报告发生率(24.86%)高于女生(21.03%),差异有统计学意义(x2=12.640,P<0.05);不同年龄间伤害发生率及人次发生率差异均无统计学意义(x2值分别为2.084,2.972,P值均>0.05).伤害类型主要是跌落、碰撞/挤压伤、锐器伤伤害人次发生率分别为14.21%,7.41%,2.64%;伤害发生主要集中在5月和7-10月,占61.24%;家中、学校是伤害发生高发地点,分别占34.84%,27.11%;受伤主要部位是下肢、手指/脚趾,分别占总伤害人次数的37.93%,21.11%.多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,独生子女、在校内与人打架1~2次或≥3次、家长对孩子进行体罚、家长经常与孩子议论伤害事件是伤害发生的危险因素(OR值分别为1.238,1.217,1.381,1.144,1.336,P值均<0.01);家长对孩子的学习适当施加压力、经常嘱咐孩子在学校里注意安全能有效预防伤害发生(OR值分别为0.609,0.764,P值均<0.01).结论 浦东新区小学生伤害发生率高,应针对跌落等伤害主要类型制定干预措施.父母对伤害问题的关注和对孩子进行安全教育能有效预防伤害的发生.
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| 关 键 词： | 创伤和损伤 回归分析 流行病学研究 学生 |
Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of injury among primary school students in Pudong New Area,Shanghai |
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| Abstract: | Objective To explore epidemiological characteristics of injury and its influence factors among primary school students in Pudong district of Shanghai city,thus to provide a scientific reference for making effective prevention measures.Methods Random stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the injuries among 6 093 primary school students in Shanghai,Pudong New Area,and the incidence and influence factors of injury in the past one year among the students were studied.Results The incidence of injury among primary school students was 22.99%.The incidence rate of male students(24.86%) was higher than that of female (21.03%),the difference was statistically significant(x2 =12.640,P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the distribution of injury among different ages(x2 =2.084,2.972,P>0.05).The main injury types were falling (14.21%),collision/crush (7.41%) and sharp injury (2.64%).The injury,accounting for 61.24%,occurred mainly in May and July to October.Home and school were the most common places where the injury occurred,accounting for 34.84% and 27.11%,respectively.On the other hand injury usually occurred on lower limbs(37.93%) and fingers/toes(21.11%).The unconditional Logistic regression showed that the risk factors were the only child in the family,fighting on campus frequently,being punished by corporal punishment and often talking about injuries by their parents(OR=1.238,1.217,1.381,1.144,1.336,P<0.01).Parents' putting the study pressure on their children,and often instructing children to pay attention to safety in school could prevent injury effectively(OR=0.609,0.764,P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of injury among primary school students in Pudong New Area is high,and intervention measures should be taken for the main types of injury such as fall.Parents' attention to injury problems and safety education for their children can prevent injuries effectively. |
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