Extensive complement activation in hereditary porcine membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II (porcine dense deposit disease). |
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| Authors: | J. H. Jansen, K. H g sen, T. E. Mollnes |
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| Affiliation: | J. H. Jansen, K. Høgåsen, and T. E. Mollnes |
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| Abstract: | Massive glomerular deposits of C3 and the terminal C5b-9 complement complex (TCC), but no immune complex deposits were detected by immunofluorescence in porcine membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II. TCC deposits were always observed with concomitant deposits of vitronectin (S-protein) in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, in contrast to a piglet with mesangial glomerulopathy where TCC was present without vitronectin co-deposition. Enzyme immunoassays revealed extensive systemic complement activation in 1-week-old affected piglets, observed by low plasma C3 (about 5% of normal) and high plasma TCC (about 10 x normal). Affected piglets revealed some plasma complement activation already at birth, 3 to 4 weeks before recognizable clinical disease. It is concluded that porcine membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis represents a nonimmune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis caused by unrestricted systemic complement activation with C3 consumption, TCC formation, and glomerular trapping of complement activation products. A pathogenetic mechanism of a defective or missing complement regulation protein is suggested. |
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