| 2007~2013年铜陵市钉螺分布动态分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 施晓冬,王平,孙明祥. 2007~2013年铜陵市钉螺分布动态分析[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2015, 13(2): 79. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2015.02.006 |
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| 作者姓名： | 施晓冬 王平 孙明祥 |
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| 作者单位： | 244000 安徽铜陵市，铜陵市疾病预防控制中心血防所 |
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| 摘 要： | 【摘要】 目的 分析铜陵市2007~2013年不同流行类型和流行程度钉螺分布特点及变化规律，为采取因地制宜、分类指导的防治策略与措施提供依据。 方法 采取回顾性调查方法，收集2007~2013年螺点卡报表和血吸虫病防治工作报表资料，分析不同年份钉螺面积、感染性钉螺面积和钉螺感染率的变化趋势，比较流行类型和程度不同的地区上述指标的年间变化。 结果 2007~2013年间实有钉螺面积和感染性钉螺面积分别减少了332.28hm2和29.68hm2，分别下降了10.69%和100%，江洲湖滩地区实有钉螺面积占历史有螺面积的百分比为39.64%~51.93%，山丘地区实有钉螺面积占历史有螺面积的百分比为2.95%~3.51%。2007~2013年钉螺感染率由0.148%下降到0，下降了100%（χ2=27.82，P<0.01）。7年间江洲湖滩地区新查出钉螺面积0hm2，山丘地区新查出钉螺面积6hm2（占100%），江洲湖滩、山丘型期间实有钉螺面积的构成比分别为97.66%~97.92%、2.08%~2.34%。 结论 铜陵市钉螺面积和感染性钉螺面积总体呈下降趋势，应进一步加大传染源控制策略为主的综合治理力度，同时根据湖沼型和山丘型地区钉螺和感染性钉螺分布的不同特点，制定一环境一策，并将各项措施落到实处，逐步消灭钉螺孳生的环境，有效遏制血吸虫病的流行。
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| 关 键 词： | 血吸虫病 钉螺分布 铜陵市 |
Dynamic analysis of the Oncomelania hupensis distribution in Tongling area from 2007 to 2013 |
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| Shi Xiaodong,Wang Ping,Sun Mingxiang. Dynamic analysis of the Oncomelania hupensis distribution in Tongling area from 2007 to 2013[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2015, 13(2): 79. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2015.02.006 |
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| Authors: | Shi Xiaodong Wang Ping Sun Mingxiang |
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| Affiliation: | Institute of Schistosomiasis of Tongling Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongling 244000, China. |
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| Abstract: | 【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics, infection degree and endemic patterns of Oncomelania hupensis in Tongling area from 2007 to 2013 in order to provide evidence for planning the guidelines and strategies with control schistosomiasis to the local conditions. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the data collected from the snail habitat records and work reports on schistosomiasis prevention and control during 2007 and 2013. Data analysis was associated with the change trend of areas of snail presence, infected areas with the Oncomelania hupensis and its infection rate in different years, as well as comparison of the data, including the endemic patterns and infection degree between years. Results From 2007 to 2013, solid area of snail appearance and snail infected area were decreased by 332.28hm2 and 29.68hm2, with decrease rate of 10.69% and 100%, respectively. Currently, the real area of snail occurrence at marshlands of the river and lake were 39.64% to 51.93% out of the total infected areas in history, and current area for snail appearance was 2.95% to 3.51% out of the hilly areas historically infected. Snail infection rate was reduced from 0.148% to 0% , and the reduction rate was 100% (χ2=27.82, P<0.01). In 7 years, the areas for newly-discovered snail habitats in marshlands of river and lake as well as hilly areas were 0hm2 and 6hm2 (accounted for 100%). Constituent ratio of the actual areas for snail occurrence at marshlands of river and lake and hilly areas were 97.66%~97.92% and 2.08%~2.34%, respectively. Conclusion Areas for the snail appearance and areas infected with Oncomelania hupensis tend to overall decreased in Tongling. The coming control considerations for snail prevalence shall be focused on comprehensive management. Importantly, these measures should target at the distribution nature of Oncomelania hupensis at the marshlands of rivers and lakes as well as hilly areas in order to gradually exterminate the snail habitats and effectively contain the prevalence of schistosomiasis. |
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| Keywords: | Schistosomiasis Oncomelania snail distribution Tongling city |
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