| 环状RNA与肿瘤相关性研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑媛媛,李伟,陈余清. 环状RNA与肿瘤相关性研究进展[J]. 中华全科医学, 2019, 17(7): 1181-1185. DOI: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.000896 |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑媛媛 李伟 陈余清 |
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| 作者单位： | 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科 安徽呼吸系病临床基础省级实验室, 安徽 蚌埠 233004 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(81172213)；安徽省自然科学基金项目(1408085MH144)；西藏山南市科技计划项目(SNKJYFJF2017-3)；蚌埠医学院研究生科研创新计划项目(Byycx1723) |
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| 摘 要： | 环状RNA(circRNA)是一种新型的具有独特性质的非编码RNA,它不具有5’端帽子和3’端尾巴,是以共价键形成的闭合环状分子。circRNA对核酸外切酶具有抵抗性,因此具有一定的稳定性,且在哺乳动物中广泛表达,在不同的组织及发育阶段表达量具有差异性。circRNA因其特殊的性质,成为近几年来的研究热点。目前,已有大量的研究发现circRNA参与细胞衰老、增殖、凋亡、炎症等病理生理过程,在多种疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要的作用。当然,circRNA在肿瘤中的研究也在逐渐起步。众多研究证实,circRNA在肿瘤组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达量差异显著,且相关circRNA表达量与肿瘤细胞的恶性程度及侵袭性具有相关性。当下,已有多数研究证实了circRNA具有miRNA的反应元件,其可以通过碱基互补配对原则海绵样吸附相关miRNA,从而调控下游基因的表达。尤其在各种肿瘤中,circRNA的海绵样作用机制研究已日益成熟。除此之外,circRNA亦可翻译成蛋白或多肽调控基因的表达。circRNA的作用机制复杂多样,其具体的作用分子机制已成为众多科学研究者的研究方向。circRNA不仅在组织中特异表达,在血浆及外泌体中同样存在,且表达量具有差异性,这进一步证实了circRNA可作为潜在的生物标记物。本文通过查阅大量文献,简要综述了circRNA的生物特征、作用机理及其在各种肿瘤疾病中的研究进展及应用价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 环状RNA 肿瘤 研究进展 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-06 |
Research progress on the correlation between circRNAs and tumors |
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| ZHENG Yuan-yuan,LI Wei,CHEN Yu-qing. Research progress on the correlation between circRNAs and tumors[J]. Applied Journal Of General Practice, 2019, 17(7): 1181-1185. DOI: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.000896 |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Yuan-yuan LI Wei CHEN Yu-qing |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Anhui, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China |
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| Abstract: | Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel non-coding RNA with unique characteristics. It is a closed circular molecule formed by a covalent bond without 5' end cap and 3' end tail. CircRNA has certain stability due to its resistance to exonuclease. It is widely expressed in mammals, and express differently in diverse tissues and development stages. CircRNA has become a research hotspot in recent years due to its special characteristics. At present, a large number of studies have found that circRNA is involved in cell senescence, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and other pathophysiological processes, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. Of course, circRNA in tumor research is also starting. Many researches have confirmed that the expression levels of circRNA in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues are significantly different, and the relevant circRNA expression levels are correlated with the malignancy and invasiveness of tumor cells. Currently, most studies have confirmed that circRNA has the response element of miRNA, which can be used to adsorb the related miRNA like a sponge through the principle of complementary base pairing, so as to regulate the expression of downstream genes. Especially in various tumors, the mechanism of sponge-like action has been increasingly mature. In addition, circRNA can also be translated into protein or polypeptide to regulate gene expression. The mechanism of circRNA is complex and diverse, and its specific molecular mechanism has become the research direction of many scientific researchers. CircRNA is not only expressed specifically in tissues, but also in plasma and exosomes, and the expression levels are different, which further confirmed that circRNA can be used as a potential biomarker. In this paper, a large number of literatures were reviewed to briefly review the biological characteristics and mechanism of circRNA and its research progress and application value in various tumor diseases. |
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| Keywords: | Circular RNA Tumor Research progress |
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