|
|||||
|
|
| 社区功能和社区公共服务对不同年龄老年人社会隔离的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 范榕,白亚丽,刘瑶,赵雅宁,王慧,李雪梅,韩影. 社区功能和社区公共服务对不同年龄老年人社会隔离的影响[J]. 中国全科医学, 2020, 23(28): 3583-3589. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.762 |
| 作者姓名： | 范榕 白亚丽 刘瑶 赵雅宁 王慧 李雪梅 韩影 |
| 作者单位： | 063210河北省唐山市，华北理工大学护理与康复学院 *通信作者：赵雅宁，教授，硕士生导师；E-mail：zyning789@126.com |
| 基金项目： | 基金项目：河北省社会科学基金一般项目（HB17RK004） |
| 摘 要： | 背景 随着年龄增长，老年人身体功能减退、行为能力受限、工作角色及部分社会角色消失，逐步与社会网络脱节，易发生社会隔离。社区作为老年人最重要的生活场所，在此过程中起到至关重要的作用。目的 了解不同年龄阶段社区老年人社会隔离发生情况，探讨社区功能和社区公共服务对不同年龄阶段老年人社会隔离的影响。方法 于2017年9月-2018年8月，便利选取河北省唐山市6个典型老年社区内1 526例社区老年人为研究对象，将社区老年人按照不同年龄阶段分组（60~69岁组、70~79岁组、≥80岁组），采用社会网络量表简版（LSNS-6）评价社区老年人社会隔离发生情况，同时采用自行设计的一般情况调查表、社区功能及社区公共服务调查问卷调查老年人一般情况、社区功能及社区公共服务情况。应用多元线性回归分析不同年龄阶段社区老年人社会隔离发生的影响因素。结果 1 526例社区老年人中，发生社会隔离者371例（24.31%），LSNS-6得分为（16.32±5.429）分。其中651例60~69岁社区老年人中，发生社会隔离者155例（23.81%），LSNS-6得分为（16.25±5.257）分；639例70~79岁社区老年人中，发生社会隔离者126例（19.72%），LSNS-6得分为（16.71±5.197）分；236例≥80岁社区老年人中，发生社会隔离者90例（38.14%），LSNS-6得分为（14.41±6.231）分。不同年龄阶段社区老年人LSNS-6得分比较，差异有统计学意义（F=15.877，P<0.001）；进一步两两比较显示，≥80岁社区老年人LSNS-6得分低于60~69岁与70~79岁社区老年人，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。多元线性回归分析结果显示：退休前职业、居住楼层、慢性病数量、婚姻状况、社区功能、社区文化娱乐服务、社区公共服务可适应性是60~69岁社区老年人社会隔离的影响因素（P<0.05）；退休前职业、居住楼层、慢性病数量、婚姻状况、社区功能、社区卫生服务、社区养老服务、社区公共服务可适应性、社区服务中心可达性是70~79岁社区老年人社会隔离的影响因素（P<0.05）；退休前职业、居住楼层、婚姻状况、社区功能、社区卫生服务、社区养老服务是≥80岁社区老年人社会隔离的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 ≥80岁老年人群发生社会隔离的可能性最大；社区功能和社区公共服务对不同年龄阶段老年人社会隔离发生的影响存在差异，社区工作人员应对不同年龄阶段老年人提供有针对性的服务。 |
| 关 键 词： | 社会隔离 老年人 年龄组 社区功能 社区公共服务 |
Effects of Community Function and Public Services on Social Isolation of Elderly Residents at Different Ages |
|
| FAN Rong,BAI Yali,LIU Yao,ZHAO Yaning,WANG Hui,LI Xuemei,HAN Ying. Effects of Community Function and Public Services on Social Isolation of Elderly Residents at Different Ages[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2020, 23(28): 3583-3589. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.762 | |
| Authors: | FAN Rong BAI Yali LIU Yao ZHAO Yaning WANG Hui LI Xuemei HAN Ying |
| Affiliation: | College of Nursing and Rehabilitation，North China University of Science and Technology，Tangshan 063210，China *Corresponding author：ZHAO Yaning，Professor，Master supervisor；E-mail：zyning789@126.com |
| Abstract: | Background With the increase of age，the physical function of the elderly people decreases with limited behavioral ability，and their work roles and some social roles disappeared. The elderly are gradually disconnecting from the social network and prone to social isolation. As the most important living place for the elderly，community plays a vital role in this process. Objective To evaluate the occurrence of social isolation among the elderly people in community at different ages，and to explore the influence of community function and public services on social isolation of the elderly people at different ages. Methods A total of 1 526 elderly residents of six typical elderly communities in Tangshan were selected as research objects by means of convenient sampling from September 2017 to August 2018. These elderly people were divided into different age groups（60-69 years old group，70-79 years old group，and 80 years old and above group）. The Lubben Social Network Scale 6（LSNS-6） was used to evaluate social isolation status of the elderly in community. At the same time，the self-designed general situation questionnaire and community function and public services questionnaire were used. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of social isolation among the elderly in different age groups. Results Of the 1 526 community elderly residents，371（24.31%） cases had social isolation，and the LSNS-6 score was（16.32±5.429）. Among 651 cases aged 60-69，155（23.81%） cases had social isolation，and the LSNS-6 score was（16.25±5.257）；of 639 cases aged 70-79，126（19.72%） cases had social isolation，and the LSNS-6 score was（16.71±5.197）；among 236 cases over 80 years old in community，90（38.14%） cases suffered from social isolation，and the LSNS-6 score was（14.41±6.231）. There was significant difference in LSNS-6 scores among the elderly in different age groups（F=15.877，P<0.001）. Further comparisons between every two age groups showed that LSNS-6 scores of the elderly over 80 years old were lower than those of the elderly aged 60-69 and 70-79（P<0.001）. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that pre-retirement occupation，residential floors，chronic diseases，marital status，community function，community cultural and recreational services and adaptability of community public services were the influencing factors of social isolation for elderly people aged 60-69（P<0.05）. Pre-retirement occupation，residential floors，chronic diseases，marital status，community function，community health services，community old-age services，adaptability of community public services and accessibility of community service centers were the influencing factors of social isolation for the elderly aged 70-79（P<0.05）. Pre-retirement occupation，residential floors，marital status，community function，available community health services and community old-age services were the influencing factors of social isolation for the elderly aged 80 and over（P<0.05）. Conclusion Social isolation is most likely to occur among the elderly aged 80 and over. Community function and public services have different impacts on social isolation of the elderly at different ages. Community workers should provide targeted services for the elderly according to their different ages. |
| Keywords: | Social isolation Aged Age group Community function Community public service |
| 点击此处可从《中国全科医学》浏览原始摘要信息 | |
| 点击此处可从《中国全科医学》下载全文 | |