Role of sentinel lymph node biopsy as a staging procedure in patients with melanoma: A critical appraisal |
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| Authors: | Omgo E Nieweg Alan Cooper John F Thompson |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;2. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;3. Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;4. Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;5. Sydney Medical School ‐ Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Worldwide, sentinel node (SN) biopsy for accurate staging is now part of the standard work‐up of patients with melanomas ≥1.0 mm Breslow thickness, as it is for staging patients with breast cancer. Nuclear medicine imaging and surgical techniques have evolved to such a degree that a SN can be identified and removed in virtually every patient. Nevertheless, some opposition to a routine SN biopsy remains, perhaps due to a failure to appreciate the serious implications of incomplete or inaccurate staging. Guided by a critical appraisal of the available evidence, this review elucidates the definition of an SN, discusses the sensitivity and specificity of the information it provides, emphasises that it is a minor staging procedure that can lead to improved survival when followed by appropriate therapy, and explains the necessarily unconventional and complex design of the only randomised trial that addresses this subject. It also describes other benefits and risks of an SN biopsy and outlines its role in current melanoma management. |
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| Keywords: | melanoma metastasis outcome prognosis review sentinel lymph node biopsy survival |
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