| 西宁市城区托幼机构b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗接种现状及影响因素调查 |
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| 引用本文： | 阿克忠,马艳梅,王卫军,杨雪琴,李溥仁,马小丽,张建惠,王莉花,杨薇,樊春祥. 西宁市城区托幼机构b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗接种现状及影响因素调查[J]. 疾病监测, 2018, 33(10): 822-824. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2018.10.008 |
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| 作者姓名： | 阿克忠 马艳梅 王卫军 杨雪琴 李溥仁 马小丽 张建惠 王莉花 杨薇 樊春祥 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.青海省疾病预防控制中心，青海 西宁 810007 |
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| 基金项目： | 青海省委组织部“高端创新人才千人计划”专项（No. 青组字［2016］280号） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的了解青海省西宁市城区托幼机构b型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）疫苗接种现状及影响因素，为免疫策略制定提供依据。方法采用分层两阶段随机整群抽样方法，在西宁市城区抽取8所托幼机构，每个机构抽取50名儿童，采用自编结构问卷，调查儿童和监护人一般情况，以及儿童对Hib疾病和疫苗的知识、态度和行为。结果383名儿童中130名接种含Hib成分疫苗，接种率为33.94%。对253名未接种原因进行调查，结果显示，不知道要接种该疫苗的占79.05%；监护人疾病相关知识知晓率仅为2.34%，对接种疫苗的态度持有率为8.61%。 调查表设计的15个相关影响因素中，“监护人认为有必要接种比值比（OR）＝2.88，95%可信区间（CI）:1.25 ~ 6.65、医生推荐接种Hib疫苗（OR＝2.57，95%CI:1.20 ~ 5.51）、监护人主动了解疾病、疫苗知识（OR＝4.63，95%CI:2.25 ~ 9.56）”是影响Hib疫苗接种的主要因素。结论加强对Hib相关疾病知识宣传，提高监护人对Hib相关疾病和疫苗的知晓率，从而提高Hib疫苗接种率。
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| 关 键 词： | b型流行性感冒嗜血杆菌 预防接种 影响因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-18 |
Current status of vaccination of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in child care settings and influencing factors in urban area of Xining,Qinghai |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo understand the current status of vacination of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in child care settings and influencing factors in Xining, Qinghai province, and provide evidence for formulating the immunization strategy of Hib vaccine.MethodsA stratified two stage random cluster sampling was conducted to select 8 child care settings in Xining. Fifty children were selected from each child care setting. A self-designed structure questionnaire was used to collect the basic information of children and guardians, and children’s knowledge, attitude and behavior to Hib disease and vaccine.ResultsAmong 383 children surveyed, 130 were vaccinated with Hib component vaccine (33.94%), 253 were not vaccinated. In children who missed the vaccination, 79.05% of them might not know that they should be vaccinated. The awareness rate of Hib disease related knowledge of guardians was only 2.34%, and the rate of showing attitude to vaccination was 8.61%. Among the 15 related factors in the questionnaires, guardian considered necessary to be vaccinated (OR＝2.88, 95% CI: 1.25–6.65), doctor’s advice (OR＝2.57, 95% CI: 1.20–5.51), and guardians actively asked about Hib disease and vaccine related knowledge (OR＝4.63, 95% CI: 2.25–9.56) were the main factors influencing the vaccination of Hib component vaccine.ConclusionThe vaccination rate of Hib component vaccine was low in children in Xining. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about Hib disease for the purpose of improving guardians’ awareness of Hib diseases and vaccine related knowledge and expanding the coverage of Hib component vaccine. |
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