| 激光黄斑区损伤的临床特征及病因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈燕云 李继鹏 卢宁. 激光黄斑区损伤的临床特征及病因分析[J]. 眼科, 2017, 26(3): 210. DOI: 10.13281/j.cnki.issn.1004-4469.2017.03.014 |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈燕云 李继鹏 卢宁 |
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| 作者单位： | 100730.首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 北京同仁眼科中心 眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 分析激光所致黄斑损伤的眼底改变特点及病因。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2009年4月至2015年12月北京同仁医院就诊的因激光照射致眼部不适患者19例（22眼）。方法 所有患者均询问病史，行眼部常规检查、眼底照相及相干光断层扫描（OCT）检查。主要指标 黄斑区形态学改变、激光损伤原因。结果 眼底及OCT表现黄斑区视网膜色素上皮（RPE）层粗糙、椭圆体带断裂不连续（13眼，59.1%），黄斑全层裂孔伴周围视网膜水肿（5眼，22.7%），黄斑水肿、视网膜内层出血（3眼，13.6%），黄斑区视网膜神经上皮层局限性浆液性浅脱离（1眼，4.5%）。损伤原因包括：缺乏监管所致伤害（8例，42.1%）、对激光损伤的无知（8例，42.1%）和操作不当所致伤害（3例，15.8%）。结论 激光所致黄斑损伤的眼底表现多样，其中最主要的损伤类型为黄斑区视网膜外层损伤。对公众加强激光眼损伤的科普教育是避免激光所致黄斑损伤的关键。
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| 关 键 词： | 激光 黄斑损伤 相干光断层扫描 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-10-06 |
Clinical characteristics and causes of laser-induced maculopathy |
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| CHEN Yan-yun,LI Ji-peng,LU Ning. Clinical characteristics and causes of laser-induced maculopathy[J]. Ophthalmology in China, 2017, 26(3): 210. DOI: 10.13281/j.cnki.issn.1004-4469.2017.03.014 |
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| Authors: | CHEN Yan-yun LI Ji-peng LU Ning |
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| Affiliation: | Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To study the clinical characteristics and causes of laser-induced maculopathy． Design Retrospective case series. Participants Nineteen patients (22 eyes) with decreased visual acuity due to laser injury were recruited into the study between April 2009 to December 2015． Methods All patients underwent routine examination，fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT)． Main Outcome Measures Morphic characteristics of laser-induced maculopathy, the reasons of laser injury. Results Laser-induced maculopathy included retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and ellipsoid layer disruption (13 eyes, 59.1%), macular hole (5 eyes, 22.7%), macular edema with inner retinal hemorrhage (3 eyes, 13.6%) and focal macular detachment (1 eye, 4.5%). The reasons of the injuries included lacking supervision (8 eyes, 42.1%), ignorance of laser harm (8 eyes, 42.1%), damage due to misoperation of laser instrument (3 eyes, 15.8%). Conclusion There are various patterns of laser-induced maculopathy. The outer retina was the most frequently damaged region after laser exposure. Education of laser harm is the key point to avoid laser-induced maculopathy. |
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| Keywords: | laser maculopathy optical coherence tomography |
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