Thyroid cancer in adolescents and young adults |
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| Authors: | Maura Massimino Douglas B. Evans Marta Podda Claudio Spinelli Paola Collini Natalia Pizzi Archie Bleyer |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy;2. Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin;3. Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;4. Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy;5. Department of Otorhinology and Maxillo‐Facial Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy;6. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon |
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| Abstract: | In adolescents and young adults, thyroid cancer accounts for 13% of all invasive neoplasms, being three times more frequent in females, but overdiagnosis and overtreatment are common. There are two therapeutic approaches, one radical and no longer preferred in all instances, and the other conservative. Permanent complications of surgery and metabolic irradiation can affect quality of life and carry an economic burden. The overall survival rate approaches 100% for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer regardless of the extent of treatment. Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a very different entity, occurring most frequently in the context of hereditary tumor susceptibility syndromes. |
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| Keywords: | adolescents overdiagnosis thyroid cancer young adults |
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