| 2013-2018年青岛市流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡平1,胡永玲2,王洋1,管境1,杨峰1. 2013-2018年青岛市流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020, 0(19): 3471-3474 |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡平1 胡永玲2 王洋1 管境1 杨峰1 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.青岛市疾病预防控制中心/青岛市预防医学研究院,山东 青岛 266033;2.青岛市城阳区疾病预防控制中心,山东 青岛 266033 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 分析2013－2018年青岛市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征,为乙脑的防控工作提供科学依据。 方法 采用描述流行病学方法对2013－2018年青岛市乙脑资料进行分析,描述病例在时间、空间和人群分布特征。 结果 2013-2018年青岛市共报告乙脑病例44例,年均发病率为0.08/10万。病例发病高峰在9月,占总病例数的77.27%。年均发病率前3位的是平度市（0.21/10万）、莱西市（0.13/10万）、城阳区（0.08/10万）,发病数占全市的63.64％。男女性别比为1.10∶1。病例以45岁以上人群为主（54.54%）,职业构成主要为农民（38.64%）。所有病例均无疫苗接种史,临床表现以发热、抽搐、意识障碍常见,严重者可出现呼吸衰竭。对全部病例进行随访,13.64%的病例死亡,38.64%留有后遗症。 结论 青岛市乙脑发病总体呈下降趋势,发病有明显季节性,发病高峰后移,45岁以上年龄组发病最多。今后应继续做好乙脑的防控工作,进一步完善预防接种,控制媒介传播,做好健康宣教和加强监测等综合性防治措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 流行性乙型脑炎 流行特征 防控策略 |
Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis of Qingdao, 2013-2018 |
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| HU Ping,HU Yong-ling,WANG Yang,GUAN Jing,YANG Feng. Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis of Qingdao, 2013-2018[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2020, 0(19): 3471-3474 |
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| Authors: | HU Ping HU Yong-ling WANG Yang GUAN Jing YANG Feng |
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| Affiliation: | *Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Prevention Medicine,Qingdao,Shandong 266033, China |
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| Abstract: | To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Qingdao from 2013 to 2018,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and controlof Japanese encephalitis.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methodwas adopted to analyze the data on the temporal,spatial and population distribution characteristics of Japanese encephalitis inQingdao from 2013 to 2018.Ｒesults The reported number of Japanese encephalitis cases was 44 from 2013 to 2018,and theaverage annual incidence was 0.08 per 100 000.The peak incidence of cases occurred in September,accounting for 77.27%.The top three cities with the annual average incidence rate were Pingdudistrict(0.21/100 000),Laixidistrict(0.13/100 000)and Chenyangdistrict(0.08/100 000),accounting for 63.64%of all cases.The incidence ratio of male to female was 1.10:1.The main cases were adults over 45 years old(54.54%),and the occupation was mainly farmers(38.64%).None of thecases hada history of vaccination.The patients usually presented with fever,convulsions,consciousness obstacle.Severe casesmight occur respiratory failure.The results of the follow－up of all cases showed that 13.64%of the cases died and 38.64%ofthe cases had sequelae.Conclusion The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Qingdao is generally decline.The incidencepresents a seasonal pattern.Most cases are people over 45 years old.Comprehensive prevention and control measures whichfocus on vaccination,anti－mosquitoes,health education and strengthened surveillance are important to control the spread ofJapanese encephalitis in the future. |
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| Keywords: | Epidemic Japanese encephalitis Epidemiological characteristics Prevention and control strategies |
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