Title:

Risk assessment and risk factors of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly population in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province

作者：

朱晓炜, 王夏冬, 李凯

朱晓炜，王夏冬，李凯

Author(s):

ZHU Xiao-wei, WANG Xia-dong, LI Kai

ZHU Xiao-wei, WANG Xia-dong, LI Kai

单位:

张家港市疾病预防控制中心，江苏 苏州 215600

Unit:

Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, China

关键词:

骨质疏松症; 患病率; 影响因素; 知晓率

骨质疏松症；患病率；影响因素；知晓率

Keywords:

Osteoporosis; Prevalence; Risk factor; Awareness rate;

分类号:

R580

文献标识码:

A

摘要:

目的 探讨张家港市中老年人群骨质疏松症的患病现状及疾病的相关危险因素。方法 采取多阶段分层抽样的方法，在张家港市全市每个镇（区）随机抽取1个社区，按人口规模比例开展问卷调查和体格测量，并运用定量超声骨密度仪对居民桡骨远端进行骨密度检测。结果 本研究共调查3 138名张家港市40~79岁常住居民。目前张家港市中老年人群骨质疏松患病率为36.87%，骨量减少率为22.40%。人群平均年龄、性别、在婚、独居、文盲、锻炼、午睡和跌倒的构成以及身高、体重、收缩压、舒张压、心率水平在骨质疏松、骨量减少和骨量正常三组人群间均存在统计学差异。增龄（OR=1.077）、女性（OR=8.433）、不锻炼或锻炼量不够（OR=1.239）、不午睡（OR=1.528）和收缩压水平增高（OR=1.014）是骨质疏松的影响因素（P<0.05），其中增龄（OR=1.034）和女性（OR=2.454）也是骨量减少的影响因素（P<0.05）。目前居民骨质疏松相关知识知晓率总体偏低（32.11%），骨质疏松人群的知识知晓率相对最低（30.6%）。结论 张家港市中老年人群骨质疏松患病形势严峻，居民相关知识知晓率偏低。积极开展骨质疏松早期筛查和健康管理对预防控制中老年人群骨质疏松症的发生发展有积极作用。

Abstract:

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people in Zhangjiagang. Methods Multistage stratified sampling was used for the investigation. The population was randomly selected from a community in each town(district) of Zhangjiagang city according to the proportion of population size method. Questionnaires and physical measurements were conducted. The bone mineral density of the distal radius was detected by quantitative ultrasound instrument. Results A total of 3138 permanent residents aged 40-79 were investigated in this study. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 36.87% and 22.40% in middle-aged and elderly people in Zhangjiagang at present. There were significant differences in age, sex, marriage, solitude, illiteracy, exercise, nap, fall, height, weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate among osteoporosis, osteopenia and normal bone mass groups. Aging(OR=1.077), female(OR=8.433), lack of exercise(OR=1.239), no nap(OR=1.528) and increased systolic blood pressure(OR=1.014) were the independent risk factors for osteoporosis(P<0.05). Aging(OR=1.034) and female(OR=2.454) were also the independent risk factors for osteopenia(P<0.05). The awareness rate of osteoporosis-related knowledge in whole population was low(32.11%) and the rate in osteoporosis group was relatively lowest(30.6%). Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in middle-aged and elderly people is relatively higher whereas the awareness rate of knowledge is lower in Zhangjiagang. Early screening and health management of osteoporosis are called and can play vital roles in preventing and controlling the development of osteoporosis.

参考文献
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备注/Memo:

基金项目:江苏省“双创博士”项目，张家港市卫计系统青年科技项目（ZJGQNKJ201815）
作者简介:朱晓炜（1991-），女，博士研究生，主管医师，研究方向：慢性病预防控制工作
通讯作者:李凯，E-mail：190904384@qq.com