Impact of Type and Duration of Application of Commercially Available Oral Moisturizers on Their Antifungal Effects |
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| Authors: | Mamoru Murakami DDS PhD Kei Fujishima DDS PhD Yasuhiro Nishi DDS PhD Yoko Minemoto DDS Takahito Kanie PhD Norihiro Taguchi DDS PhD Masahiro Nishimura DDS PhD |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Denture Prosthodontics Restoration, Advanced Dentistry Centre, Kagoshima University Medical and Dental Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Advanced Therapeutic Course, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan;3. Department of Biomaterials Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Advanced Therapeutic Course, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan;4. Department of Dental Education, Field of Social and Behavioral Medicine, Health Sciences Course, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Purpose To examine the impact of oral moisturizer type and application time on antifungal effects. Materials and Methods Seventeen oral moisturizers (7 liquids, 10 gels) and amphotericin B (AMPH‐B) were tested. Antifungal effects were evaluated with newly opened moisturizer samples (0 hour) and with samples incubated for 8 hours to simulate contact during sleep. Candida albicans samples (108 cells/ml) were placed into cylindrical holes in 50% trypticase soy agar plates. Antifungal effects were evaluated based on growth‐inhibitory zones after 24 hours. Equal quantities of moisturizers showing growth‐inhibitory zones were mixed as additional samples. The effects of moisturizer type and application time on growth‐inhibitory zones were evaluated with ANOVA. Growth‐inhibitory zone sizes were compared with multiple comparisons. Results Growth‐inhibitory zones were found with two liquids, one gel, moisturizer mixtures, and AMPH‐B. Significant differences in antifungal effects were found among different moisturizer types and between the 0‐ and 8‐hour groups. The growth‐inhibitory zones of the 8‐hour group were significantly smaller than those of the 0‐hour group. In both the 0‐ and 8‐hour groups, the growth‐inhibitory zones of the liquid‐gel mixtures were significantly larger than those of other moisturizer types, and were the same size as those of AMPH‐B at two concentrations (1.25 and 2.5 μg/ml). Growth‐inhibitory zones of individual moisturizers and liquid‐liquid mixtures were the same size as those of lower AMPH‐B concentrations (0.16, 0.31, and 0.63 μg/ml). Conclusion Our findings suggest that mixing liquid and gel moisturizers improves their antifungal efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | Oral moisturizers dry mouth Candida albicans oral candidiasis |
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