汉语单字词音、义加工的脑激活模式

目的：研究汉字音、义加工的脑机制。方法：采用汉字单字词为实验材料，通过功能磁共振成像扫描执行语音和语义两种认知任务的脑区。结果：语音任务激活的脑区有，左侧顶叶下部和颞上回(BA 40／39／22，BA：Brodmann Area，即布鲁德曼分区，下同)，左侧枕中回(BA18／19)，右侧枕下回(BA18／19)，以及左中央前回(BA6)。语义任务激活的脑区有，左侧顶叶下部(BA40／39)和左侧颞上回(BA22)，左侧额下回(BA10／47)，右侧额中回和额上回(BA10／11)，以及左侧额中回(BA11)。语义任务减去语音任务激活的脑区有，左侧额下回(BA47)，左侧海马(BA36)和右侧海马旁回(BA36)。语音任务减去语义任务没有发现任何脑区的显著激活。结论：在语义任务中与语音有关的脑区得到激活；而在语音任务中与语义有关的脑区没有激活。

Brain mechanism for the phonological and semantic processing of Chinese character

Objective: To investigate the brain mechanism of the phonological and semantic activation of Chinese character reading. Methods: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was applied to detect the activated brain areas during the phonological and semantic judgment tasks processing. Results: Phonological processing of Chinese character activated left inferior parietal lobe (BA 39/40), left superior temporal lobe (BA 22), left middle occipital gyrus (BA 18/19), right middle occipital gyrus (BA 18/19), and left precentral gyrus (BA 6). The semantic task activated some areas in left inferior parietal lobe(BA 39/40), left superior temporal lobe(BA 22),left inferior frontal lobe(BA 47/10), right middle and inferior frontal lobe(BA 10/11), and left middle frontal lobe(BA 11). When phonological task was subtracted from semantic task, some areas in left inferior frontal lobe (BA 47), left hippocampus (BA 36) and right Gyrus para-hippocampus (BA 36) were activated. However, no significant activated area was found vice versa. Conclusion: Some brain areas underlying phonological processing are activated during semantic task, while brain areas underlying semantic processing are not activated during the phonological task.