男女儿童青少年精神分裂症患者临床特征的比较

目的:比较儿童青少年精神分裂症男性与女性患者临床特征的差异。方法:对125例男性(男性组)和133例女性(女性组)儿童青少年精神分裂症患者的年龄、发病年龄、病前诱因、阳性家族史、病程特点、住院天数、简明精神病量表(BPRS)、大体评定量表(GAS)及临床疗效总评量表(CGI)评分等临床特征进行比较。结果:男性与女性患者在年龄、发病年龄、病前诱因、阳性家族史、病程特点、住院天数方面比较差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。BPRS评分中敌对性、动作迟缓、情感淡漠、缺乏活力因子分男性组高于女性组(t=2.164,t=3.317,t=2.096,t=2.230;P0.05或P0.01);幻觉、思维障碍因子分女性组高于男性组(t=3.682,t=2.987;P0.01或P0.001)。入院时GAS、CGI-SI评分及出院时CGI-GI评分两组间差异无统计学意义(P均0.05),出院时CGI-EI评分女性组高于男性组(t=2.466)、自知力评分男性组高于女性组(t=2.403),差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论:男性儿童青少年精神分裂症患者的临床特征以情感淡漠、缺乏活力等阴性症状为主,女性则以幻觉、思维障碍等阳性症状更突出;女性临床疗效优于男性。

Comparison of clinical features between males and females patients with schizophrenia in children and adolescents

Objective:To compare the differences of clinical features between males and females patients with schizophrenia in children and adolescents. Method:One hundred and twenty-five male(male group) and 133 female(female group)patients with schizophrenia in child and adolescents underwent the comparison of clinical features in age,age of onset,predisposing factors,positive family history,course feature,hospitalization duration and scores of the brief psychiatric rating scale( BPRS),global assessment scale( GAS)and clinical global impression(CGI). Results:There were no statistical significant differences in age,age of onset,predis-posing factors,positive family history,course feature and hospitalization duration between males and females(all P > 0. 05). The hostility,slow behavior,apathy and lack of vitality score of BPRS in male group were higher than that in female group(t = 2. 164,t = 3. 317,t = 2. 096,t = 2. 230;P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). The scores of halluci-nation and thought disorder in female group were higher than that in male group(t = 3. 682,t = 2. 987;P < 0. 01 or P < 0. 001). There were no significantly statistical differences in scores of GAS and CGI-SI in hospitalization and CGI-GI in discharge between males and females(all P > 0. 05). Female group got higher scores of CGI-EI than male group(t = 2. 466)and male group got higher scores of insight than female group in discharge(t =2. 403),showing significant statistical differences(all P < 0. 05). Conclusion:Negative symptoms apathy and lack of vitality are promient in male patients with schizophrenia in children and adolescents. Positive symptoms hallucination and thought disorder are prominent in females patients. Clinical effects in females are better than that in males.