躯体形式障碍患者的症状特点及性别差异

目的:探讨躯体形式障碍(SD)患者的症状特点及性别之间的差异。方法:采用躯体形式症状筛查量表(SOMS-7)中文版对326例SD患者进行调查和分析。结果:①SOMS-7测评均分最高的5种症状女性患者为:全身乏力或易疲劳、心慌或心里砰砰直跳、头痛、胸闷或心脏周围不适、气短(用力时除外);男性患者为:全身乏力或易疲劳、心慌或心里砰砰直跳、气短(用力时除外)、胸闷或心脏周围不适、呼吸困难或过度换气;②在腹痛或胃痛(t=2.218)、背痛(t=2.164)、关节痛(t=2.399)、经常便秘(t=4.077)、色斑或肤色改变(t=3.650)、性冷淡(t=3.678)条目上,女性患者得分高于男性(P0.05或P0.01);③出现频率最高的5种症状女性患者为:全身乏力或易疲劳、头痛、心慌或心里砰砰直跳、胸闷或心脏周围不适、气短(用力时除外);男性患者为:全身乏力或易疲劳、心慌或心里砰砰直跳、气短(用力时除外)、胸闷或心脏周围不适、口干;④在性交时痛(χ2=6.443)、经常便秘(χ2=7.383)、色斑或肤色改变(χ2=12.262)、性冷淡(χ2=15.832)、味觉或嗅觉丧失(χ2=3.942)条目上,女性患者的症状出现频率较男性为高(P0.05或P0.01);在小便时痛(χ2=5.58)、频繁大便或腹泻(χ2=3.954)、有尿却排不出(χ2=7.094)、肢体僵硬或强直(χ2=8.093)条目上,男性患者的症状出现频率较女性为高(P0.05或P0.01)。结论:SD患者"全身乏力或易疲劳"出现次数最多,程度最重;女性患者更常出现性、胃肠道抑制、外表、外部感觉等问题;男性患者更常出现泌尿道、胃肠道活跃、肌肉紧张等问题。

The characteristics of symptoms and gender differences in patients with somatoform disorders

Objective：To investigate the characteristics in symptoms and gender differences for patients with somatoform disorders（ SD）. Method：We investigated and analyzed 326 SD patients by using the screening for somatoform symptoms-7（ SOMS-7）Chinese version. Results：①The top 5 symptoms of the highest average for female were：excessive tiredness,strong heart pounding,headaches,discomfort in the area a-round the heart,shortness of breath（without exertion）;for male were excessive tiredness,strong heart poun-ding,shortness of breath（without exertion）,discomfort in the area around the heart,painful breathing or hyper-ventilation;②On the items of stomach pain（t = 2. 218）,back pain（t = 2. 164）,joint pain（t = 2. 399）,fre-quent constipation（t = 4. 077）,blotchiness or discoloration of the skin（t = 3. 650）,loss of sexual desire（t =3. 678）,the scores in female patients had higher than those in male patients（P ﹤ 0. 05 or P ﹤ 0. 01）;③The top 5 symptoms of the highest frequency for female were：excessive tiredness,headaches,strong heart pounding,dis-comfort in the area around the heart,shortness of breath（without exertion）;for male were excessive tiredness, strong heart pounding,shortness of breath（ without exertion）,discomfort in the area around the heart,dry mouth;④The frequency of pain during sexual intercourse（χ2 = 6. 443）,frequent constipation（χ2 = 7. 383）, blotchiness or discoloration of the skin（χ2 = 12. 262）,loss of sexual desire（χ2 = 15. 832）,loss of taste or smell（χ2 = 3. 942）,in female patients were more common than male patients（P ﹤ 0. 05 or P ﹤ 0. 01）;the fre-quency of pain during urination（χ2 = 5. 58）,frequent diarrhea（χ2 = 3. 954）,urinary retention（χ2 = 7. 094）, limb stiffness or rigidity（χ2 = 8. 093）,in male patients were more common than in female patients（P ﹤ 0. 05 or P ﹤ 0. 01）. Conclusion：For SD patients,excessive tiredness is the most common and the most severe symptom. For female p