Paraventricular nucleus, stress response, and cardiovascular disease |
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Authors: | Eduardo E Benarroch MD |
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Institution: | (1) Mayo Clinic, Dept. of Neurology, 811 Guggenheim Building, 200 First Street SW, Rochester (MN) 55905, USA |
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Abstract: | Abstract The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is a complex effector structure that initiates endocrine and autonomic responses to stress. It receives inputs from visceral receptors, circulating hormones such as angiotensin II, and limbic circuits and contains neurons that release vasopressin, activate the adrenocortical axis, and activate preganglionic sympathetic or parasympathetic outflows. The neurochemical control of the different subgroups of PVN neurons is complex. The PVN has been implicated in the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure and the metabolic syndrome. |
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Keywords: | hypothalamus hypertension heart failure metabolic syndrome |
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